Brčko
Brčko
Брчко | ||
---|---|---|
Mayor Zijad Nišić (SBiH) | | |
• President of the District Assembly | Siniša Milić (SNSD) | |
Area | ||
• Total | 402 km2 (155 sq mi) | |
• Land | 493 km2 (190 sq mi) | |
Elevation | 92 m (302 ft) | |
Population (2013) | ||
• Total | 39,893 | |
• Density | 99/km2 (260/sq mi) | |
• Brčko District | 83,516 | |
Postcode | 76100 (Pošte Srpske )76120 (BH Pošta) | |
Area code | +387 049 | |
Website | www |
Brčko (Serbian Cyrillic: Брчко, pronounced [br̩̂tʃkoː]) is a city and the administrative seat of Brčko District, in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina. It lies on the banks of Sava river across from Croatia. As of 2013, it has a population of 39,893 inhabitants.[1]
De jure, the Brčko District belongs to both entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina (the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska) but in practice it is not governed by either; practically, Brčko is a self-governing free city.[2]
Name
Its name is very likely linked to the
A number of Breuci migrated and settled in
Geography
The city is on the north, riparian border of Bosnia, across the
Brčko is the seat of the Brčko District, an independent unit of local self-government created on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina following an arbitration process. The local administration was formerly supervised by an international supervisory regime headed by
History
During the 1862 exodus of Muslims from Serbia, some Belgrade Muslims who were expelled by the Serbian government settled in the town.[5]
In the Bosnian War, Brčko was the location of the Brčko bridge massacre on 30 April 1992. Later, it was the narrowest point of the Brčko corridor that connected two parts of Republika Srpska.
Brčko was a geographic point of contention in 1996 when the U.S.-led Implementation Force (IFOR) built Camp McGovern between the villages of Brod and Brka. Camp McGovern under the overwatch of 3-5 CAV 1/BDE/1AR Division (US) commanded by LTC Anthony Cucolo was constructed from a war torn farming cooperative structure in the Zone of Separation (ZOS) for the purpose of establishing peacekeeping operations. The mission was to separate the forming warring factions. The ZOS was one kilometer wide of no man's land, where special permission was required for Serbian or Bosnian forces to enter. Various checkpoints and observation points (OP's) were established to control the separation.
Although Brčko was a focal point for tension in the late 1990s, considerable progress in multi-ethnic integration in Brčko has since occurred including integration of secondary schooling. Reconstruction efforts and the Property Law Implementation Plan have improved the situation regarding property and return. Today, Brčko has returned to a strategic transshipment point along the Sava River. The population of Brčko has not returned to its pre-war ethnic mix of Bosniaks, Serbs, and Croats. Brčko sits at the east–west apex of Republika Srpska, the ethnic Serb portion of Bosnia & Herzegovina, and as such is critical to the RS for its economic future.
Brčko was one of the main points discussed in the
The first international organization to open office in Brčko at that time was the
Following PIC meeting on 23 May 2012, it was decided to suspend, not terminate, the mandate of Brčko International Supervisor. Brčko Arbitral Tribunal, together with the suspended Brčko Supervision, will still continue to exist.[4]
Demographics
2013[9] | 1991[9] | 1981 | 1971 | 1961 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 39,893 (100.0%) | 41,406 (100.0%) | 31,437 (100.0%) | 25,337 (100.0%) | 17,949 (100,0%) |
Serbs | 19,420 (48.68%) | 8,253 (19.93%) | 5,532 (17.60%) | 5,481 (21.63%) | 5,260 (29.31%) |
Bosniaks | 17,489 (43.84%) | 22,994 (55.53%) | 16,725 (53.20%) | 15,651 (61.77%) | 5,431 (30.26%) |
Croats | 1,457 (3.652%) | 2,894 (6.989%) | 2,157 (6.861%) | 2,663 (10.51%) | 2,472 (13.77%) |
Others | 996 (2.497%) | 2,054 (4.961%) | 468 (1.489%) | 327 (1.291%) | 78 (0.435%) |
Roma | 333 (0.835%) | 5 (0.016%) | 6 (0.024%) | 4 (0.022%) | |
Albanians | 77 (0.193%) | 86 (0.274%) | 115 (0.454%) | 65 (0.362%) | |
Yugoslavs | 60 (0.150%) | 5,211 (12.59%) | 6,351 (20.20%) | 952 (3.757%) | 4,250 (23.68%) |
Montenegrins | 31 (0.078%) | 65 (0.207%) | 82 (0.324%) | 278 (1.549%) | |
Macedonians | 24 (0.060%) | 16 (0.051%) | 19 (0.075%) | 35 (0.195%) | |
Slovenes
|
4 (0.010%) | 19 (0.060%) | 25 (0.099%) | 55 (0.306%) | |
Turks | 2 (0.005%) | ||||
Hungarians | 13 (0.041%) | 16 (0.063%) | 21 (0.117%) |
Transport
Rail
A railway station is near the city centre on the line from Vinkovci to Tuzla. However, no passenger trains operate to Brčko anymore. The closest operating railway station is in Gunja, Croatia; just on the other side of the border.
Water
Brčko has the largest
Sport
Brčko has three
Education
The city is home to an economics school of the University of East Sarajevo and a local theatre festival.
Gallery
-
Panorama of Brčko
-
Brčko at night
-
Fountain - the symbol of the city
Twin towns – sister cities
Brčko is twinned with:
- Samsun, Turkey
- Smederevska Palanka, Serbia[10]
- St. Louis, United States[11]
Notable people
- Edo Maajka, rapper
- Lepa Brena, singer
- Edvin Kanka Ćudić, human rights activist
- Mladen Petrić, Croatian footballer
- Vesna Pisarović, singer
- Dženana Šehanović, pianist
- Anton Maglica, Croatian footballer
- Jasmin Imamović, politician
- Nataša Vojnović, Serbian fashion model
- Mato Tadić, judge
- Brankica Mihajlović, Serbian volleyball player, World and European champion, silver medalist at the 2016 Summer Olympics
- Ines Janković, Serbian fashion designer
- Nikola Kovač, Professional Counter-Strike: Global Offensiveplayer
References
- ^ "Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in Bosnia and Herzegovina" (PDF). 2019. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
- ^ Welcome to Brčko, Europe’s only free city and a law unto itself.
- ISBN 963 05 1490 7103. oldal Bereck-szócikk
- ^ Office of the High Representative. 2012-05-23. Archived from the originalon 2013-12-02. Retrieved 2013-11-23.
- ^ Özkan, Ayşe. "The Expulsion of Muslims from Serbia after the International Conference in Kanlıca and Withdrawal of the Ottoman Empire from Serbia (1862-1867)". Akademik Bakış.
- Office of the High Representative. 1997-02-14. Retrieved 2023-10-25.
- Office of the High Representative. 1998-03-15. Retrieved 2023-10-25.
- Office of the High Representative. 1999-03-05. Archivedfrom the original on 2023-10-25. Retrieved 2023-10-25.
- ^ a b "Popis 2013 u BiH – Brčko District". statistika.ba.
- ^ "Успјешно организован турнир млађих категорија у фудбалу". radiobrcko.ba (in Bosnian). Radio Brčko. 2014-08-29. Retrieved 2020-12-28.
- ^ "Sister Cities". stlpartnership.com. St. Louis Economic Development Partnership. Retrieved 2020-12-28.