Briskeby Stadion
1938) (1946–)Hamarkameratene |
Briskeby Stadion, previously known as Briskeby gressbane, is an
Construction started in 1934 and the venue opened on 28 June 1936 as the first home venue for
History
Construction and early years
Freidig was established in 1918 as a local team for Briskebyen in what was then the municipality of
As the club was dissatisfied with this arrangement, it launched plans to establish its own venues. First it needed to secure a lot, and in the late 1920s lied its eyes on a parcel of land owned by Hamar Jernstøperi. However, the lot was sold to Oplandske Kreditbank in 1930 and the club had to negotiate purchasing the lot from the bank. The club established a new committee to look into the stadium issue. Hamar IL was invited to become part-owner of the venue, but they chose to remain at Hamar stadion. As Briskebyen was not able to secure a partner to share the costs with, opposition towards the project grew within the club. Yet, the decision to build the venue was taken by Briskebyen FL's annual meeting on 15 April 1934, with construction starting on 26 April.[3]
The venue was estimated to cost NOK 26,500.[3] Financing included a NOK 3,000 grant from NFF, NOK 1,500 from the municipality and NOK 1,800 from the club.[5] The rest was secured through various charity events, 320 of 1,500-man-days being volunteer work and a NOK 8,000 loan from NFF. Construction in 1934 consisted of removing 5,600 cubic meters (200,000 cu ft) of earthwork and laying sewer pipes. The following year, 200 cubic meters (7,100 cu ft) of rock was blasted and the pitch was sown on 3 and 4 September. Construction of the terraces and dressing rooms took place in 1936. Work was not concluded until the morning of the inauguration match on 28 June 1936, when the last fence was mounted. Briskeby was the first grass pitch in Hedmark and was inaugurated with a match against Lyn, who won 4–1. The venue cost NOK 32,036.28, leaving the club with a debt of NOK 18,688.93. The venue was awarded the 1938 Norwegian Football Cup Final, which required additional upgrades, largely conducted through volunteer work.[3]
The venue was confiscated by the
The ground was also referred to as the Utstillingsplassen after the war and it hosted motorcycle speedway for a short time.[8] The track held the final of the Norwegian Individual Speedway Championship in 1954.[9]
Debt and municipalization
In 1982, the club decided that it would build a new 2,400-seat stand on the eastern long side. A low construction cost was secured because the construction industry was going through a slump. The costs were covered by NOK 2.5 million in national lottery grants and NOK 2 million in loan, which was planned to be repaid through increased sponsor and ticket revenues from increased attendance.[10] The upgrade also included a reconstruction of the club house to facilitate luxury boxes. They were made available for sponsors, who were allowed to bring guests. The boxes and the vestibule became an important informal meeting area for the town's political and business elite.[11]
The new stand became a financial burden for the club. Operating costs increased after Norwegian clubs were allowed to wage players from 1984. In addition, interest rates rose quickly, making the club unable to meet its financial obligations. At the same time, the club experienced falling attendance. In 1985, the club's auditor warned that the club was heading into financial distress.[10] In 1986, the club spent NOK 1 million to build terraces between the club house and the pitch on the northern short side, and terraces on the southern short side.[12] In 1990, Hamar Municipality gave Ham-Kam a grant of NOK 1.7 million in an attempt to save the club's finances, in part because of the club's debt on the venue.[13]
In 1993, Ham-Kam proposed selling the stadium, including its 1.0-hectare (2.5-acre) lot, for NOK 6 million, to pay off its debt. In addition, NFF required that the stadium be renovated for NOK 2 million. The club launched the sales plans to the municipality in September 1993, stating that if they did not purchase the venue, the club would probably be forced to file for bankruptcy.[14] At the time, Lillestrøm and Brann were the only other top division clubs to own their own stadiums.[15] Ham-Kam's three star players, Vegard Skogheim, Petter Belsvik and Ståle Solbakken, threatened to sign with other clubs within days unless the municipality saved the club.[16]
On 20 October 1993, the municipal council voted in favor of purchasing the stadium. The proposal was supported by the
Stadion
By 2001 NFF was in the process of implementing new stadium requirements in the top leagues, and Briskeby would no longer be permitted to be used in the top tier.[22] Ham-Kam entered an alliance with Totalprosjekt—a real estate development company working on Lillestrøm's Åråsen Stadion—who presented a concept to finance a new venue: The municipality would transfer property to a limited company jointly owned by the municipality and the major sports clubs, the real estate would be re-regulated to increase their value, and the company would use this capital to build a new professional and a new recreational stadium.[23] Parallel with this, a municipal commission made a report that recommended a consolidation in the number of venues in town and the conversion of gravel and grass fields to artificial turf. The commission recommended that a new professional football venue be built either at Briskeby or Hamar stadion.[24]
Hamar Sportsanlegg (HSA) was established in 2003 to execute the plan. It was owned 34 percent by the municipality, and 22 percent each by Ham-Kam, Hamar IL and
In October 2004, Totalprosjekt presented the concept Skibladner Stadion, which would have been located on Tjuvholmen, a peninsula which sticks out into Mjøsa.[29] In addition to a 9,000-seat stadium, the project included a cultural center with an 800-seat auditorium and a 22-story hotel.[30] However, Tjvuholmen is a popular recreational areas and a process to regulate the area as such had just been completed.[31] The location would also cause problems for the railway, who wanted to expand Hamar Station.[29] The Tjvuholmen project was rejected by the municipal executive committee on 8 December, and on 16 March 2005, the municipal council voted to continue working on a new venue at Briskeby. This caused Totalproject to leave the project.[32]
In 2004,[33] Biong Arkitekter was contracted to design the stadium, with Byggeråd as structural engineers.[34] Five proposals for Briskeby were launched, estimated to cost between NOK 61 and 150 million. Three of them retained the current alignment and would give a capacity of between 8,800 and 10,200 spectators, and two of these again contained commercial and residential properties within the stadium complex. The two other proposals involved turning the pitch 90 degrees, which would give the least encroachment on neighbor properties.[35] The residents' association demanded that an impact study be made and that more specific plans be presented before municipal approval. The municipality concluded that neither were required.[36] The municipal council passed a regulation plan on 1 February 2006, which involved building a 10,200 seat venue, but with the smaller of the two possible commercial property sizes.[37] The residents' association appealed to the county governor, who reject the appeal on 1 September.[38]
At the time NFF awarded an annual license to clubs which permitted them to play in the top two divisions. This included a series of criteria that the home venue needed to meet. As Briskeby was severely substandard to the criteria, Ham-Kam was required to apply for annual exemptions. These were only awarded to clubs who were actively working on upgrading or building new venues. If an exception was not granted, the club would either be relegated to the Second Division (the third tier), or would have to play their home games at an approved stadium in another town.[39]
In December 2006,
Construction was financed through a loan of NOK 218 million from Handelsbanken, which was secured on the revenue which would be generated from the sale of Hamar stadion and Fuglsetmyra. However, the bank was not willing to lend money secured on the basis of sales price of Hamar stadion being based on the re-regulation of the lot. The municipality was pressed on time by the possibility of NFF denying Ham-Kam the right to play at Briskeby. Hamar Energi Holding AS (HEH), which owns Hamar Municipality's share of Eidsiva Energi, had large assets. Both HEH and BE1 had as chair Hans Kolstad, who proposed that HEH could issue a guarantee of NOK 75 million for BG and BE1—which was issued in September 2007.[45] This allowed construction to start, but the project was still under-financed by NOK 50 million. HEH therefore issued another guarantee the same month, for NOK 58.75 million.[46] Because of delays in the regulation work, HEH issued another two guarantees, NOK 60 million in March and NOK 25 million in June 2008.[47]
In August 2007, the stadium was planned to be built in three stages, with a combined budget of NOK 156.6 million. The first stage would involve the northern and western sides and cost NOK 78.4 million, the second stage would involve the eastern side and cost NOK 43.0 million, while the third stage would involve the southern side and cost NOK 35.1 million.[48] After construction started, BG changed two specifications, moving public rest rooms from the basement to the ground floor, and changing the angle of roof. Both of these gave increased construction costs and alteration of the architectural design plans.[49]
During this entire period, BE1 was
In 2008, Ham-Kam tried to sell the
With then opening of the venue, Ham-Kam rented 2,000 square meters (22,000 sq ft), consisting of 1,300 square meters (14,000 sq ft) of lounges and 700 square meters (7,500 sq ft) for its offices, for which the team played NOK 2 to 3 million per year.[57] In the 2010 season, Ham-Kam played in the Second Division, resulting in the entire VIP area remaining unused.[58] Artificial turf was laid on the stadium in August 2011.[59]
In August 2011, an investigation of the HSA affair was initiated by the municipality, with the investigation costing NOK 7 million.[60] The report concluded that a large number of illegal action had been taken in the process: HSA had used money reserved for sport for commercial development; irregular executive work in HEH and lack of correction were conducted after errors were discovered in 2007; important instructions from the municipal council were not followed; illegal executive work was undertaken in the holding companies; BE1 did not file for bankruptcy after it had lost its equity; the use of an unnecessarily complex company structure; violation on the laws of public sector procurements; violation on European Economic Area law on public grants; expensive consulting contracts, without tender, which gave the consultants too much influence on the process; and that the board composition in the companies was in violation with good corporate governance practices.[61]
Facilities
The new section of Briskeby has the same style and building materials as the two other main sports venues in Hamar,
Events
The venue was home ground for Briskebyen from its opening.[5] In its inaugural season, the club was newly relegated to Class B, as most of the club's effort had gone to building the venue. From 1937 the club again played in Class A. The venue was also used for matches where a mixed Briskebyen and Hamar IL played friendlies against foreign teams.[66] No official matches were played during the Second World War.[3] In April 1946, Briskebyen FL merged with Hamar AIL to create Hamarkameratene.[67]
Ham-Kam remained at lower levels in the league system until the 1960s, when it was promoted to the Second Division (then the second tier) after the 1967 season.[67] Ham-Kam was promoted to the First Division (then the top tier) ahead of the 1970 season. They have since played in the top league in the periods 1970–74, 1976–77, 1979, 1981–84, 1986–87, 1992–95, 2004–06 and 2008.[68][69] The club's eight relegation from the top league is a Norwegian record.[70] After the 2009 season, the club was further relegated to the Second Division,[58] but returned to the First Division (now the second tier) in 2011. For a Ham-Kam match, the record attendance is 11,500, which dates from 27 May 1976 league match against Lillestrøm.[71]
The venue hosted the
References
- Bibliography
- Fagerli, Arnfinn; Nilsen, Christian Lunde (1999). Norsk fotball-leksikon (in Norwegian). Orion. ISBN 82-458-0398-7.
- Gjerdåker, Brynjulv (1998). Stiftstad og bygdeby. Hamars historie 1935–1991 (in Norwegian). Hamar: Hamar Municipality. ISBN 82-994906-1-8.
- "Briskebyrapporten" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Lynx Avokatfirma. 17 August 2011. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 June 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
External links
- Notes
- ^ Stadium. hamkam.no
- ^ Gjerdåker (1998): 52
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Briskeby Gressbane" (in Norwegian). Hamarkameratene. 10 March 2009. Archived from the original on 14 April 2009. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
- ^ "Slik startet det" (in Norwegian). Hamarkameratene. 10 March 2009. Archived from the original on 7 April 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
- ^ a b c Gjerdåker (1998): 53
- ^ Gjerdåker (1998): 105
- ^ Gjerdåker (1998): 217
- ^ "Utstillingsplassen, Norgemesterskap, Motorsykkel, Speedway, Fra Venstre: Norgesmesiter Reidar Kristoffersen, Odd Johansen". Digital Museum. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
- ^ "Norwegian Speedway Championship". Historia Sportu Zuzlowego. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
- ^ a b Gjerdåker (1998): 225
- ^ Gjerdåker (1998): 275
- ^ Johansen, Magne (4 October 1986). "Fotballtrener i forvandlingens tegn Gigantutbygging av fotballbaner". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). p. 32.
- ^ "Økonomitabellen". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 4 December 1992. p. 34.
- ^ Midttun, Terje (23 September 1993). "Ham-Kam konkurs?". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). p. 35.
- ^ Anda, Torgeir (16 April 1994). "Med revisor på laget". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). p. 10.
- ^ "HamKamkrisen: Trussel fra spillere". Aftenposten. Norwegian News Agency. 30 September 1993. p. 45.
- ^ "HamKam ble reddet". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 21 October 1994. p. 48.
- ^ Johansen, Magne (19 October 1994). "Kommunen redder Hamarkameratene". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). p. 41.
- ^ Lynx (2011): 39
- ^ a b Lynx (2011): 44
- ^ Brenden, Jo E. (29 March 2007). "Her forsvinner HamKam-gresset". Østlendingen (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
- ^ Lynx (2011): 33
- ^ Lynx (2011): 34
- ^ Lynx (2011): 35
- ^ Lynx (2011): 36
- ^ Lynx (2011): 43
- ^ Lynx (2011): 45
- ^ Lynx (2011): 46
- ^ a b Lynx (2011): 48
- Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (in Norwegian). Archivedfrom the original on 17 June 2022. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
- Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (in Norwegian). Archivedfrom the original on 5 September 2011. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
- ^ Lynx (2011): 49
- ^ Lynx (2011): 87
- ^ a b Lynx (2011): 62
- ^ Lynx (2011): 50
- ^ Lynx (2011): 51
- ^ Lynx (2011): 54
- ^ Lynx (2011): 56
- ^ Lynx (2011): 64
- ^ Lynx (2011): 59
- ^ Lynx (2011): 60
- ^ Lynx (2011): 114
- ^ Lynx (2011): 66
- ^ Lynx (2011): 73
- ^ Lynx (2011): 80
- ^ Lynx (2011): 81
- ^ a b Lynx (2011): 82
- ^ Lynx (2011): 261
- ^ Lynx (2011): 83
- ^ Lynx (2011): 85
- ^ Fregnstad, Jan Morten (18 April 2008). "Sponsorene sier nei". Østlendingen (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
- ^ a b c Øvergaard, Freddie (18 April 2008). "Alle vil til Briskeby". Østlendingen (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 19 October 2015. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
- ^ Dahl, Kjetil Brorson (10 September 2008). "Briskeby-entreprenør må pakke sammen". Østlendingen (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 9 December 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
- ^ Lynx (2011): 262
- ^ Lynx (2011): 106
- ^ Lynx (2011): 97
- ^ Fregnstad, Jan Morten; Norberg-Schulz, Wenche (20 October 2009). "Nedrykk kan tvinge HamKam ut av Briskeby". Østlendingen (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 19 June 2022. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
- ^ a b Fregnstad, Jan Morten; Norberg-Schulz, Wenche (23 June 2010). "60 nye millioner til Briskeby". Østlendingen (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 8 June 2022. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
- ^ Brenden, Jo E. (29 March 2007). "Her forsvinner HamKam-gresset". Østlendingen (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 5 September 2011. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
- ^ Brenden, Jo Espen (16 August 2011). "Nå koster granskingen over 7.000.000 kroner". Østlendingen (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 9 December 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
- ^ Brenden, Jo E. (17 August 2011). "– Flere lovbrudd rundt Briskeby-byggingen". Østlendingen (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
- ^ Bronken, Anders (14 December 2006). "Slik blir Nye Briskeby". Østlendingen (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 19 October 2015. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
- ^ a b "Briskeby". Norsk internasjonal fotballstatistikk. Archived from the original on 30 March 2006. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
- ^ "Mange har kjøpt kunstgressandeler" (in Norwegian). Hamarkameratene. Archived from the original on 7 April 2012. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
- ^ Brenden, Jo E. (14 December 2006). "Skal fylle Briskeby med liv". Østlendingen (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 19 October 2015. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
- ^ Gjerdåker (1998): 54
- ^ a b "Hamarkameratene" (in Norwegian). Hamarkameratene. 10 March 2009. Archived from the original on 7 April 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
- ^ Fagerli and Lunde (1999): 349
- ^ "Underet uteble for HamKam". Sarpsborg Arbeiderblad (in Norwegian). 2 November 2008. Archived from the original on 16 May 2012. Retrieved 16 May 2012.
- ^ Sandberg, Tore (3 November 2008). "Har full tillit til Erlandsen". Østlendingen (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 13 June 2022. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
- ^ "Klubbfakta" (in Norwegian). Hamarkameratene. 10 March 2009. Archived from the original on 20 December 2011. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
- Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the originalon 24 May 2008. Retrieved 2 May 2011.
- Football Association of Norway. Archived from the originalon 12 May 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2011.