British Cyprus
Cyprus | |||||||||||
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1878–1960 | |||||||||||
Naqshbandiyya) | |||||||||||
Monarch | |||||||||||
• 1878–1901 (first) | Victoria | ||||||||||
• 1952–1960 (last) | Elizabeth II | ||||||||||
Governor | |||||||||||
• 1878–1879 (first) | Garnet Wolseley[a] | ||||||||||
• 1957–1960 (last) | Hugh Foot | ||||||||||
Legislature | Legislative Council | ||||||||||
History | |||||||||||
4 June 1878 | |||||||||||
• Protectorate established | 12 July 1878 | ||||||||||
• British annexation | 5 November 1914 | ||||||||||
24 July 1923 | |||||||||||
• Crown colony of Cyprus | 1 May 1925 | ||||||||||
15 January 1950 | |||||||||||
1 April 1955 | |||||||||||
19 February 1959 | |||||||||||
16 August 1960 | |||||||||||
Area | |||||||||||
1924[1] | 9,272 km2 (3,580 sq mi) | ||||||||||
Population | |||||||||||
• 1924[1] | 310,709 | ||||||||||
• 1955[2] | 529,972 | ||||||||||
• 1960[2] | 572,930 | ||||||||||
Currency |
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Today part of |
British Cyprus (Greek: Βρετανική Κύπρος; Turkish: İngiliz Kıbrıs) was the island of Cyprus under the dominion of the British Empire, administered sequentially from 1878 to 1914 as a British protectorate, from 1914 to 1925 as a unilaterally annexed military occupation, and from 1925 to 1960 as a Crown colony. Following the London and Zürich Agreements of 19 February 1959, Cyprus became an independent republic on 16 August 1960.
History
Formation
Cyprus was a territory of the Ottoman Empire, lastly as part of the Vilayet of the Archipelago, since it was conquered from the Republic of Venice in 1570–71.
A British protectorate under nominal Ottoman suzerainty was established over Cyprus by the Cyprus Convention of 4 June 1878, following the Russo-Turkish War, in exchange for British support of the Ottomans during the Congress of Berlin.[3] Cyprus was then proclaimed a British protectorate and was informally integrated into the British Empire. This remained in place until 5 November 1914, when after the Ottomans joined the Central Powers, in turn entering World War I, Britain declared the complete annexation of Cyprus into the British Empire, albeit under a military administration status. The Crown Colony of Cyprus was proclaimed a decade later, in 1925, after Britain's annexation of Cyprus was verified twice, firstly in the Treaty of Sèvres in 1920, then confirmed again in the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923.[4]
Proposed union with Greece
King
Cyprus Emergency
The Cyprus Emergency was a military action that took place in Cyprus from 1955 to 1959. The Cyprus Emergency primarily consisted of a campaign by the Greek Cypriot military group EOKA to remove the British from Cyprus so it could be unified with Greece.
Independence
History of Cyprus |
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Cyprus portal |
Signed on 19 February 1959, the
In March 1961 at the
In 1961, the Republic of Cyprus became the 99th member of the United Nations.
Notable residents
- Fred Harrison (born 1944), British author and economist
See also
Notes
- ^ as High Commissioner
References
- ^ a b "The British Empire in 1924". The British Empire. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
- ^ a b "Cyprus Population". Worldometers. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
- ^ Eric Solsten, ed. Cyprus: A country study (1991).
- ISBN 9781138221291.
External links
- Media related to Cyprus under British rule at Wikimedia Commons
- British Rule in Cyprus (1878-1960) - cypnet.co.uk