Thorpe & Porter

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Thorpe & Porter
DivisionsStrato
Top Sellers Ltd.
Brown Watson
General Books Distribution (G.B.D. Ltd.)

Thorpe & Porter (widely known as T & P) was a British publisher, importer, and distributor of

. T & P's most prominent imprints were Top Sellers Ltd. and Brown Watson. Thorpe & Porter operated from 1946 to c. 1979.

Corporate history

Origins

Entrepreneur Fred Thorpe started with a

comic books. After World War II, however, the UK was intent on promoting homegrown publishers, and thus banned the direct importation of American periodicals.[2] In 1946, Thorpe joined with the local builders merchants' company the Porter Group to form Thorpe & Porter as a publisher.[2]

Relationship with Arnold Book Company

In 1953, T & P seems to have acquired the

imprint on the T & P titles Justice Traps the Guilty, Kid Colt, Outlaw Young Brides, and Young Romance from that point until 1958,[3]
when ABC shut down. (T & P later published a second volume of 13 issues of Justice Traps the Guilty.)

Marvel and DC distributor

In 1959, with the lifting of the UK ban on importation of American periodicals,

Amazing Spider-Man
#1, and countless others appeared in the UK.

To aid in their comics distribution, Thorpe & Porter provided newsagents with T & P-branded spinner racks.

Sale to Gilberton

Gilberton, the U.S. publisher of Classics Illustrated (which T & P had been distributing UK editions of since 1951), acquired Thorpe & Porter from Fred Thorpe in the fall of 1959.[4] Gilberton had launched Gilberton World-Wide Publications as a European branch in 1956, and T & P became part of its stable of European publishers.[5] (After the sale, T & P's offices moved from Leicester to London.)[citation needed]

In 1962, the production of new issues of Classics Illustrated shifted from Gilberton's New York offices to Thorpe & Porter, with Gilberton's founder's son,

William E. Kanter overseeing everything beginning in 1963.[6] As a consequence, of the 181 British issues of Classics Illustrated,[a]
13 never appeared in America (additionally, there were some variations in cover art).

Bankruptcy and acquisition by DC/Warner

In July 1966, Thorpe & Porter went bankrupt,

National Periodical Publications (DC Comics).[2] (Traditionally, IND distributed all DC publications, as well as those of a few rival publishers, such as Marvel Comics
from 1957 to 1969, in addition to pulp and popular magazines.)

In 1967, DC and IND were purchased by

Laurel & Hardy, a color comic book series based on the Laurel & Hardy
animated TV series.

In 1971, Warner's international distribution operations merged with

Columbia-Warner Distributors. Thorpe & Porter moved its offices to the Columbia-Warner House in Soho, London;[10] as now part of Warner Communications, the Thorpe & Porter brand was mostly replaced by Williams Publishing. (Thanks to Gilberton World-Wide Publications,[5] Williams had European-language divisions in Denmark,[11] Finland,[12] France,[13] Germany,[14] Italy,[15] the Netherlands,[16] and Sweden;[17]
most of these publishers were sold off around 1979.)

In 1976, British editor

.

Sale to W. H. Allen and closure

Warner sold its publishing division, including Thorpe & Porter, to

Halls of Horror
); he continued the magazine until 1984.

Publications

Paperback books

Thorpe & Porter started out as a publisher of lurid and sensationalist paperback books, originally in digest size and later in the more traditional format.[2] T & P set up a number of imprints — Hermitage Publications, Knole Park Press, Beacon Publishing Co. Ltd., Strato Publications, and Jewel Books — and in the period 1947 to 1953 published over 60 titles, by such authors as Frank Fawcett (writing under the pen name "Ben Sarto"), George C. Foster, Paul Renin, and Leslie A. Scott.[2] T & P also distributed similar paperbacks from other publishers, including Muir-Watson and Robin Hood Press.[2]

The paperback craze died down in the period 1951 to 1953, partly as the result of Home Office clampdowns on "obscene and objectionable publications;"[2] and by the end of 1953, T & P was no longer in the paperback publication business.

Pulp and digest format British magazines

Next, T & P moved into the realm of

Ziff-Davis and Columbia Publications — which were eager to license their content due to the declining popularity of pulps in the U.S.[2] — and also with Galaxy Publications and Quinn, licensing British reprint editions of their new digest format magazines, T & P published reprints in this capacity from 1949 to 1960 under their Strato Publications imprint so long as they maintained this, and then under the parent Thorpe & Porter imprint, most notably with the titles Amazing Stories and Fantastic Adventures (Ziff-Davis), Beyond Fantasy Fiction, Galaxy Science Fiction (Galaxy), and If (Quinn, then Galaxy), and also Weird Tales
, a long-established independent fantasy & horror magazine.

  • Weird Tales — 23-issue run (November 1949 and December 1953), and another five bimonthly issues dated November 1953 to July 1954 (with the volume numbering restarted at volume 1, number 1).[22]
  • Amazing Stories — 32 reprint issues (June 1950 – 1954)[23][24] The Thorpe & Porter issues were undated, but the pulp issues were numbered from 1 to 24, and were initially bimonthly. With December 1953 came the change to digest-size and a perfectly regular bimonthly schedule that lasted until February 1955.[24]
  • Fantastic Adventures — also in June 1950, T & P began a reprint run of Fantastic Adventures, which consisted of 24 undated issues (all but the first two of which were numbered) released through February 1954 (these were abridged versions of U.S. editions dated from March 1950 to January 1953).
  • Future Science Fiction and Science Fiction Stories — 14 numbered and undated issues (November 1951 to June 1954), corresponding roughly to the U.S. issues from March 1951 to March 1954.[25] And starting in February 1952 and continuing through August 1955, T & P published ten issues of the second series of Science Fiction Quarterly. The issues, which were cut from the U.S. editions, corresponding to 10 of the first 13 issues, from May 1951 to May 1954. (The omitted issues were November 1951, May 1952, and August 1953.) The order of publication was not the same as for the US editions.[26][27]
  • Fantastic —— eight bimonthly issues from December 1953 to February 1955; the issues were not dated on the cover. These correspond to the US issues from September/October 1953 to December 1954, and were numbered volume 1, #1–8.[28][29]
  • Galaxy Science Fiction — far and away the most successful of T & P's British reprint editions, began in January 1953 with the eccentrically numbered volume 3 issue 1 (of the American original vol. 5 #1), proceeded to reprint the previous American issue (vol. 4 #6) as volume 3 issue 2, followed by American vol. 5 #2 as vol. 3 #3, vol. 5 #3 as vol. 3 #4, etc, proceeding in a more or less orderly fashion — dropping the extraordinary Volume 3 number after Volume 3 issue 12, continuing monthly (with the occasional hiccup) as far as issue 94. After volume 3 issue 12, one or two short stories, and quite often the reviews and a non-fiction department were dropped from the U.S. original, and from issue 80 onwards of this BRE the only differences were the printing of the U.K. price and number replacing the U.S. price and date on the cover. After issue 94, a round ink-stamped U.K. month number over price was stamped on the front cover of the original U.S. editions.
  • New Worlds & Science Fantasy — in the 1960s, T & P distributed the British science fiction magazines New Worlds and Science Fantasy (also known as SF Impulse), published by Roberts & Vinter). When in July 1966 Thorpe & Porter went bankrupt (see below) while owing Roberts & Vinter a substantial sum, the resulting financial pressure led Roberts & Vinter to decide to focus on their more profitable magazines, and the February 1967 issue of SF Impulse was the last, though its sister magazine New Worlds, survived via an Arts Council grant.[7]

Comics

Because of the UK importation ban,[2] in the 1940s and 1950s American comics typically arrived in the UK as ballast on ships.[30]

T & P got into the comics business — primarily with reprints — in the 1950s with a selection of

National Periodical Publications (now DC Comics). Thorpe & Porter was one of the first British publishers to print its own clean versions of the comics, "using blocks made from imported American matrices."[31]

Right off the bat, Thorpe & Porter's most successful comics title was

Aeneid, The Argonauts, The Gorilla Hunters and Sail with the Devil. Mick Anglo adapted three stories — by Edgar Allan Poe, Oscar Wilde, and Wilkie Collins — for the T & P Classics Illustrated. The British Classics Illustrated adaptation of the James Bond film Dr. No was never published under the U.S. Classics Illustrated line (making it a collector's item in the States),[2] but instead was sold to DC Comics, which published it as part of their superhero anthology series, Showcase.[32] (The comic followed the plot of the film with images of the film's actors rather than Ian Fleming's original novel
.)

In the period 1951 to 1953, Thorpe & Porter acquired a number of fellow British publisher Arnold Book Company's reprint titles,[2] including Justice Traps the Guilty, Young Brides, Young Eagle, and Young Love. (When T & P acquired Justice Traps the Guilty, it continued the numbering of the ABC version; with the other titles, T & P restarted the numbering at #1.)

The T & P imprint Strato (originally created for its paperback line) published thirteen issues of a Mystery in Space reprint, a 68-page A4-size magazine, between 1954 and 1956.[33] It featured black-and-white reprints of DC's Mystery In Space and Strange Adventures stories with slightly adapted covers from the original Mystery In Space series. T & P published a hardback Mystery In Space Annual in 1968. Although it used the cover to Mystery In Space #95, the contents of the annual were complete random issues of remaindered comics from a number of companies including their covers, and not Mystery In Space stories.[34]

Other reprint titles with which T & P had some success included

Tomahawk, and Young Romance.[2]

In October 1959, T & P began publishing

MAD UK. The British version of Mad magazine received access to the publication's back catalog of articles and was also encouraged to produce its own localized material in the Mad vein. Essentially, T & P repackaged Mad to a 32-page monthly from a 48-page-eight-times-a-year U.S. publication. Conflicts over content occasionally arose between the parent magazine and its international franchisee; when a comic strip satirizing the English royal family was reprinted in a Mad paperback, it was deemed necessary to rip out the page from 25,000 copies by hand before the book could be distributed in Great Britain.[35]
MAD UK was published by T & P from 1959 to 1979, and then continued on with other publishers until 1994, producing 290 issues in all.

The Brown Watson[b] imprint,[10] launched in the early 1950s, originally published genre paperbacks like Sinister Forces by Alvin Westwood (1953) and The Horror from the Hills by Frank Belknap Long (1965). In the period 1959 to 1966, Brown Watson published T & P's war comics series Conflict Picture Library (200 issues, 1959–1966) and Romance in Pictures (235 issues, 1960–1966), the latter of which featured stories reprinted and translated from Spanish romance comics. Other long-running titles from the 1960s included Pocket War Library and World Illustrated (reprints from Gilberton's World Around Us series).

In 1966, T & P published a 68-page

Avengers comic, with original art by Mick Anglo and Mick Austin consisting of four 16-page stories. Anglo also illustrated comics version of the television series Charles Rand and Danger Man
.

Between 1967 and 1970, T & P released an unusual line of 128-page comics called Double Double. Each issue was made up of four remaindered DC comics (with their covers removed) glued together with a new cover.[37] (Most covers were probably illustrated by UK artists.) 24 Double Double titles were published, mostly featuring Superman or Batman (and their associated supporting characters). The titles with the most issues were Action Double Double Comics (5 issues), Adventure Double Double Comics (4 issues), and Batman Double Double Comics, Detective Double Double Comics, and Superboy Double Double Comics (3 issues each). According to owners of some of the comics, the oddest thing about the Double Double line was, "not all issues had the same four comics inside. It was possible to purchase two copies of Double Double Detective #3 and find different coverless DC issues within. It was even possible to sometimes find a Marvel comic mixed in with the DCs!"[38]

In the 1970s, the Brown Watson imprint was known for the hardback comics

Scooby Doo Where Are You... (8 annuals, 1973–1980), Tarzan (7 annuals, 1972–1979), Laurel and Hardy (6 annuals, 1969–1980), Superman/Batman with Robin the Boy Wonder Annual (5 annuals, 1974–1978), and Planet of the Apes (3 annuals, 1975–1977). Artists who worked on the annuals included John Bolton, Ian Gibson, and David Lloyd.[10] Brown Watson was run by the brothers Brian Babani and Peter Babani.[10]

Most of T & P's other publications in the 1970s were listed under the Top Sellers Ltd. imprint. Formatted like American comics, with 32 pages of content,

Eagle Award for "Favourite Specialist Comics Publication — Pro."[40] Mad UK, meanwhile, won the 1977 Eagle Award for "Favourite Black & White Comicbook — Humour."[19][40]

Men's magazines

Starting in the 1950s, Thorpe & Porter published a number of men's magazines of questionable taste, an early title being Clubman, and another being Comic Cuties.

In the 1960s and 1970s, T & P and then Williams published a line of softcore pornography magazines with titles like Sex International News, True Love Stories,[2] Cinema X, Cinema Blue, Parade, Game, Blade, Voi, and Sensuous.[10] Many copies of those magazines were seized and forfeited in a series of police raids in 1972 and again in 1975.[2] In response, in 1976 Williams created the General Books Distribution (G.B.D. Ltd.) imprint for its adults-only titles.[10]

Imprints

  • Arnold Book Company (1953–1958) — comics
  • Beacon Publishing Co. Ltd. (1948–1951) — paperback books
  • Brown, Watson Ltd. (c. 1956–c. 1979) — Conflict Picture Library and Romance in Pictures in the early part of the 1960s, standard format paperbacks after ceasing to use the Digit Books imprint, and hardback annuals in the 1970s
  • Digit Books (wholly-owned paperback imprint of Brown, Watson Ltd.) (1956 - 1966) - general and category fiction, and some non-fiction, initially; standard format paperback books
  • General Books Distribution (G.B.D. Ltd.) (1977–1978) — men's magazine titles (like
    The House of Hammer
    )
  • Hermitage (1947–1948; 1952–1953)[41] — initially a paperback imprint, then used for some comics
  • Jenson (1952–1953) — comics[42]
  • Jewel Books (1949–1954) — paperback books
  • Knole Park Press (1948–1949) — paperback books
  • Strato Publications (1949–1962) — originally paperback books, then science fiction and fantasy digest format magazine reprints, and science fiction, super-hero and western comics reprints[43]
  • Thorpe & Porter (c. 1951–1965) — pulp magazine reprints; science fiction and fantasy digest magazine format reprints after the closure of the Strato Publications imprint through the 1966 bankruptcy, though over-stamping U.S. editions at the end; and the Classics Illustrated comics line
  • Top Sellers Ltd.(c. 1956–c. 1979) — most comics and magazines
  • Williams Publishing and Distributing Co. Ltd. (1971–1977) — men's magazines; Tarzan and Korak comics, and other comics titles

Imprints timeline

Titles published (selected)

Pulp magazines

Title Issues published Publication Dates Reprinted issues Notes
Amazing Stories 32 1950–1954 June 1953, December 1952, and January 1954 First 24 issues were pulp-sized; the last eight were digests.
Dynamic Science Fiction 3 1954 June 1953, December 1952, and January 1954 Source:[44]
Fantastic 8 1953–1955 Sept./Oct. 1953–Dec. 1954
Fantastic Adventures 24 1950–1954 Mar. 1950–Jan. 1953
Fantastic Novels 1 1954 May 1949 Published by Pembertons and distributed by Thorpe & Porter; undated, but numbered 1. Source:[45]
Future Science Fiction and Science Fiction Stories 14 1951–1954 Mar. 1951–Mar. 1954
Marvel Science Stories 1 1951 Feb. 1951
Science Fiction Quarterly 10 1952–1955 May 1951–May 1954
Super Science Stories 3 1949–1950 Jan. 1949, Nov. 1949, Jan. 1950
Weird Tales 28 1949–1954 July 1949–May 1954 (with many issues skipped) In two volumes

T & P Comics

Titles that published 30 or more issues.

Brown Watson annuals

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ When reprinting issues, some issues were dropped, resulting in multiple issues, such as two versions of #152.
  2. ^ Not the same as the publisher formed in 1980 and located in Leicestershire.[36]

Citations

  1. ^ "Parade" at Magforum. Archived at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved Apr. 20, 2021.
  2. ^
    Box.com
    . Retrieved Dec. 28, 2020.
  3. ^ "Thorpe & Porter : Arnold Book Co. (Indicia / Colophon Publisher)," Grand Comics Database. Retrieved Dec. 21, 2020.
  4. ^ Jones, p. 315.
  5. ^ a b Jones, ibid.
  6. ^ Jones, pp. 242-243.
  7. ^ a b Ashley, Mike. "Impulse", in Tymn & Ashley, pp. 350–352.
  8. ^ "DC Comics". Don Markstein's Toonopedia. 17 November 2011. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  9. ^ Marx, Barry, Cavalieri, Joey and Hill, Thomas (w), Petruccio, Steven (a), Marx, Barry (ed). "Warner Publishing Services Fifty Years of Distributing Comics" Fifty Who Made DC Great, p. 12 (1985). DC Comics.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h Skinn, Dez. "Warner Bros. (Williams)," DezSkinn.com. Retrieved Dec. 19, 2020.
  11. ^ Williams, Grand Comics Database. Retrieved Apr. 30, 2021.
  12. ^ Kustannus Oy Williams, Grand Comics Database. Retrieved Apr. 30, 2021.
  13. ^ Williams France, Grand Comics Database. Retrieved Apr. 30, 2021.
  14. ^ BSV - Williams, Grand Comics Database. Retrieved Apr. 30, 2021.
  15. ^ Edizioni Williams Inteuropa, Grand Comics Database. Retrieved Apr. 30, 2021.
  16. ^ Classics/Williams, Grand Comics Database. Retrieved Apr. 30, 2021.
  17. ^ Williams Förlags AB, Grand Comics Database. Retrieved Apr. 30, 2021.
  18. ^ Skinn, Dez. "The End of HoH," DezSkinn.com.
  19. ^ a b Dakin, John. "'Marvel Revolution' in England," The Comics Journal #45 (Mar. 1979), p. 14.
  20. ^ "Suron International Publications," Grand Comics Database. Retrieved Dec. 19, 2020.
  21. ^ Grandreams, Grand Comics Database. Retrieved Dec. 20, 2020.
  22. ^ Weinberg, Robert (1985a). "Weird Tales". In Tymn and Ashley, pp. 733–734.
  23. ^ Brian Stableford, "Amazing Stories", in Clute & Nicholls, Encyclopedia of SF, pp. 25–26.
  24. ^ a b Tuck, p. 535.
  25. ^ Ashley, Mike (1985a). "Future Fiction". In Tymn and Ashley, p. 283.
  26. ^ Ashley, Mike (1985a). "Future Fiction". In Tymn and Ashley, pp. 549–550.
  27. ^ "Series: Science Fiction Quarterly (UK)". ISFDB. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
  28. ^ "Fantastic", in Tuck, pp. 557–558.
  29. ^ Ashley, Mike. "Fantastic", in Tymn & Ashley, pp. 230–231.
  30. ^ Ross, Jonathan. "Jonathan Ross: The king of comics," Evening Standard (19 April 2012).
  31. ^ Sringhall, John (July 1994). "Horror Comics: The Nasties of the 1950s". History Today. 44 (7). Archived from the original on 4 May 2012.
  32. ^ Showcase #43 (Mar./Apr. 1963).
  33. ^ Mystery in Space (Thorpe & Porter) at the Grand Comics Database
  34. .
  35. ^ Jacobs, p. 191.
  36. ^ Brown Watson official website. Retrieved March 30, 2021.
  37. ^ "Detective Double Double Comics," Grand Comics Database. Retrieved Dec. 28, 2020.
  38. ^ * "Thorpe and Porter Double Double comics," The Magic Robot (Mar. 17, 2008).
  39. ^ Stringer, Lew. "The comics that were always Top Sellers," Blimey! The Blog of British Comics! (August 3, 2012).
  40. ^ a b Previous Winners: 1977, at the official Eagle Awards website, archived at the Wayback Machine. (Retrieved 9 September 2018.)
  41. ^ Hermitage (Indicia / Colophon Publisher), Grand Comics Database. Retrieved Dec. 20, 2020.
  42. ^ Jenson (Indicia / Colophon Publisher), Grand Comics Database. Retrieved Dec. 20, 2020.
  43. ^ Strato Publications Ltd. (Indicia / Colophon Publisher), Grand Comics Database. Retrieved Dec. 20, 2020.
  44. .
  45. ^ Thomas D. Clareson, "Fantastic Novels", in Tymn & Ashley, Science Fiction, Fantasy and Weird Fiction Magazines, pp. 241–244.
  46. ^ Larry Harmon's Laurel & Hardy (Thorpe & Porter) at the Grand Comics Database
  47. ^ Laurel and Hardy Extra at the Grand Comics Database
  48. ^ Freeman, John. "The Perplexing Origins of 'Pocket Chiller Library,'" DownTheTubes.net (Aug. 11, 2020).

Sources consulted

External links