Bullock's

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Bullocks
  • Federated Department Stores
    (1964-1988)
  • Macy's (1988-1992)
  • Federated Department Stores
    (1994-1995)

Bullock's was a chain of full-line department stores from 1907 through 1995, headquartered in Los Angeles, growing to operate across California, Arizona and Nevada. Bullock's also operated as many as seven more upscale Bullocks Wilshire specialty department stores across Southern California. Many former Bullock's locations continue to operate today as Macy's.

History

Postcard view of Broadway c. 1908, showing original store

Bullock's was founded in 1907 at Seventh and Broadway in downtown Los Angeles by John G. Bullock, with the support of The Broadway Department Store owner Arthur Letts. In 1923, Bullock and business partner P.G. Winnett bought out Letts' interest after his death and the companies became completely separated. In 1929 Bullock & Winnett opened a luxury branch on Wilshire Boulevard, referred to at the time as Bullock's Wilshire (the apostrophe would later be removed).

In 1944 Bullock's acquired

San Francisco
-based upscale specialty chain.

Starting in 1958, Bullock's built a series of four shopping centers initially called Bullock's Fashion Square, small, elegant, and open-air, with large Bullock's stores dominating, surrounded by only around 20 or 30 much smaller specialty stores, such as

Buffum's branch from the beginning) in April 1968.[1]

In 1964 the then public-owned Bullock's/I. Magnin organization was acquired by

Federated Department Stores
, much to the dismay of surviving founder P.G. Winnett, who publicly lambasted the deal (which was initiated by his own son-in-law, Bullock's President Walter W. Candy Jr.). In the 1970s, to differentiate itself from the full-line Bullock's stores, the very exclusive Wilshire location dropped its apostrophe, and became Bullocks Wilshire, and began its own expansion.

In February 1970, Federated Department Stores replaced its Bullock's Realty Corporation, which owned and managed the Fashion Square malls, with an organization called Transwest Management;[2] Transwest sold the Torrance (future "Del Amo") Fashion Square in March of that year to new co-owners Great Lakes and Guilford Glazer and Associates,[3] while selling the three other Fashion Squares for $13 million to Urban Investment and Development Company (UIDC), who would sell them in 1973 to Bank of America Realty Investor and Draper and Kramer for $16.3 million.[1]

Bullock's, Bullocks Wilshire, and I. Magnin retained their autonomy under Federated, as well as their carriage-trade niche, with I. Magnin expanding into the

Las Vegas[6] and Northern California.[7]
Washington retailer Nordstrom. In 1988, after an ugly takeover battle between Robert Campeau and Macy's for Federated, Bullock's and I. Magnin were sold by Campeau to Macy's as a consolation prize for one billion dollars,[12] which plunged Macy's into debt. The new owners responded by dismantling Bullock's Los Angeles corporate offices,[13][14]
merging Bullocks Wilshire into I. Magnin, and Bullock's into its Macy's South division, sending what had been Federated's most profitable division into a precipitous decline and alienating customers.

The end came quickly for Bullock's after Macy's filed for bankruptcy protection in 1992,

Broadway Stores, Inc.—Federated consolidated all its traditional department-store business in California under the Macy's nameplate, ending 89 years of Bullock's.[21]

Luxury market

Although the Bullocks Wilshire stores were deemed the most exclusive, the full-line Bullock's stores offered upscale designers such as

Valentino, Salvatore Ferragamo, Byblos, Hugo Boss, Gieves & Hawkes, and Robert Graham. Under Federated, the 22 Bullock's stores offered consistent assortments in each location, a key to the company's profit and success (exceptions were the Lakewood, West Covina, Carlsbad and Grossmont
, California, locations.) Under the corporate oversight of Macy's South in Atlanta, the 22 Bullock's stores were divided into three competing regions: merchant offices with extremely limited control were established in Santa Ana, Sherman Oaks and the existing 800 South Hope Street building. Macy's, now under tremendous debt, national economic issues and having alienated customers with swift and usually reactive changes to the Bullock's brand, focused and relied on South Coast Plaza, Sherman Oaks and Beverly Center to retain an upscale clientele.

Store list

Only full line Bullock's division stores. Note: "Closing" refers to store closing date as Bullock's or Macy's.[22]

No. Name Address/Mall Opened
(M/D/YYYY) 		Closed*
(M/D/YYYY) 		Building
Current Use 		Notes
01 Downtown Broadway and Hill Street, Downtown Los Angeles (freestanding) 3/4/1907 6/26/1983 St. Vincent Jewelry Center 350,000 square feet (33,000 m2) at opening, added additional buildings over time, 806,000 square feet (74,900 m2) at closing.[23]
Wilshire
 3050 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles (freestanding) 9/24/1929 4/13/1993 (as BW flagship)[24] Southwestern Law School became "Bullocks Wilshire"(separate division) ca. 1972, then rebranded I. Magnin along with all other BW branches
Palm Springs
Resort Store 		November 1930 Razed to make way for the Desert Inn Fashion Plaza, which was in turn razed in 2013. This was a Spanish Colonial-style "resort store" within the Desert Inn complex, replaced by a full Bullock's branch in 1947.[25]
Westwood Collegienne 1002 Westwood Boulevard[26] 5/14/1932[27] Replaced by full-line store 1951 Vacant (previously Sur La Table) This was a specialist "Collegienne" store designed in Spanish Colonial style by
Parkinson & Parkinson and built by Janss Investment Corporation at a cost reported variously as $150,000 and $185,000.[28][27]
03 Pasadena 402 South Lake Avenue (freestanding) 9/19/1947 - Macy's Architects Wurdeman & Becket[26]
Palm Springs (full branch) 151 South Palm Canyon Drive[29] 10/18/47 Razed to make way for The Mercado and a new Saks Fifth Avenue.[30]
Modernist building, replaced the Desert Inn "resort shop". Became a Bullocks Wilshire branch in the 1960s. Architects Wurdeman & Becket.[26][31]
04 Westwood 10861 Weyburn (SE corner Westwood and Weyburn), L.A. (freestanding) 9/5/1951
Target
 Replaced "Westwood Collegienne" store; architect Welton Becket[26]
07 Santa Ana
Santa Ana Fashion Square
 9/17/1958 - Macy's This was the first of four
MainPlace
.
09 San Fernando/ Valley/Sherman Oaks
Sherman Oaks Fashion Square
 4/30/1962 - Macy's
10 Lakewood Lakewood Center 4/26/1965 1993[32] Razed[32] Razed 1995, now site of
The Home Depot and a supermarket[32]
12 Del Amo
Del Amo Fashion Square, Torrance
 9/12/1966 - Macy's (Main)
15 La Habra
La Habra Fashion Square
, razed, now site of La Habra Market Place strip mall 		8/12/1968 1992[33] Razed Razed in late 1990s[34]
17 Northridge Northridge Fashion Center 9/10/1971 Macy's Store was rebuilt new after 1994 Northridge earthquake
18 South Coast Plaza South Coast Plaza, Costa Mesa, California 9/26/1973 - Macy's
19 Mission Valley
Mission Valley Center, San Diego
 2/19/1975 - Macy's Home & Furniture
20 West Covina[35] Plaza West Covina 9/25/1975[35][36] 2008, Macy's consolidated into former Robinsons-May store Razed Razed in 2008, now site of Best Buy. 150,000 sq.ft. Welton Becket & Assoc., architects[35]
21
Century City
 Century Square, later Century City Shopping Center, now Westfield Century City 9/9/1976 - Nordstrom (formerly Macy's)
22 Scottsdale Scottsdale Fashion Square 1/31/1977 1996 part of Dillard's
23 Chris-Town Chris-Town Mall, Phoenix November 1987 (closed) Razed to make way for Target.
24 Mission Viejo Mission Viejo Mall 3/3/1980 - Macy's
25 Carlsbad Plaza Camino Real (and other names), now The Shoppes at Carlsbad 10/2/80 Macy's Men's, Home & Furniture
26 Las Vegas Fashion Show Mall 2/14/1981 Macy's
27 Beverly Center Beverly Center, Los Angeles 4/4/1982 - Macy's
28 Manhattan Beach Manhattan Village 4/4/1982 - Macy's
29 Thousand Oaks The Oaks 8/4/1983 - Macy's Men's, Home & Children's
30 Grossmont Grossmont Center, La Mesa 9/15/1983 1993 Target
31 Palm Desert
Palm Desert Town Center
 11/3/1983 2006, Macy's moved into former Robinsons-May store Partially razed Razed above ground, underground level is part of Macy's Furniture Store
32 Citicorp Plaza
Seventh Market Place, now FIGat7th, Downtown Los Angeles
 8/4/1986 1996 Gold's Gym (level M1), Target (level M2), Zara (level M3) In this mall, the Robinsons-May became the Macy's, which also later closed as there was a Macy's in nearby Broadway Plaza.
74* Burbank Burbank Town Center 9/2/1992 - Macy's *opened under Macy's ownership, 74 was under Macy's numbering scheme

Selected divisions

Bullocks Wilshire

Main article: Bullocks Wilshire

Bullocks Wilshire was one of the more important divisions of Bullock's, Inc. until it was consolidated into I. Magnin by Macy's in 1989. The division could be traced to the opening of a single luxury branch store of Bullock's in 1929.[37] In 1968, The Bullock's store in Palm Springs (built in 1947) was transferred to the control of Bullock's Wilshire to be its first branch store.[38] Four years later, in 1972, Bullock's Wilshire store was separated from Bullock's as a separate division with its own, president, chairman, buyers and staff with Walter Bergquist, former president of Bullock's, assigned as the division's first president.[39]

I. Magnin

Main article: I. Magnin

I. Magnin was acquired in 1944[40] and stores in this division were kept separate from those of Bullock's and the other divisions. Many I. Magnin stores were near the first Bullock's branches and complemented them in such as fashion that Bullock's purposely placed I. Magnin branches in three of the four Fashion Square malls that it built (in addition to inviting Desmond's, Silverwoods and other Fashion businesses not owned by Bullock's). The division lasted until 1994 when Macy's liquidated the brand and converted some of the stores to Macy's stores, selling some to Saks Fifth Avenue, and closing the rest.

Bullock's North

In the early 1970s, Federated wanted to move into the San Francisco Bay Area, an area of the country in which they never had any stores and was dominated by stores owned by Macy's and Broadway-Hale.[41][42][8][7] Federated decided to open a new division that reported directly to Federated, but chose a name, Bullock's North, that had some name recognition in Northern California, but was distinct enough from its sister division to the south.

The first store in the division opened at the Stanford Shopping Center in Palo Alto in March 1972. It had 150,000 square feet on two floors.[43] Two years later, a second store was opened in downtown Walnut Creek in 1974,[44] followed by a third store that was opened in the following year at the Vallco Fashion Park in Cupertino.[45]

A store was originally scheduled to open in Marin County the following year. Federated obtained property and even received clearance from the Corte Madera City Council to start construction, but resistance by local residents was so strong that they were able to obtain a recall election and were able to eject the city council members that had voted in favor for the new store off the council and thus killing the project.[46] A fourth store opened in 1977 at the Stonestown shopping center in San Francisco[46][47] and was followed by the opening of a fifth store in 1978 at the Oakridge Mall in San Jose. In 1982, Bullock's North opened its sixth and final store in the ill-fated Fashion Island Mall in San Mateo.[48] This particular store was unusual because the store was covered by a tent instead of a conventional roof.[11][49] The unusual roof was probably one of the reasons why Federated was unable to sell this particular store and closed the store as soon as the lease had expired.

A year later, Federated closed the division and sold five of the stores and quietly closed the San Mateo store.

Emporium-Capwell and Mervyn's
each purchased a single store.

Bullock's Woman

In the late 1980s, Federated recognized that many of their young affluent women customers were unable to find youthful designer clothing in plus sizes and that very few stores were catering to that market, with the exception of Lane Bryant, Federated decided to test the idea that the plus-sized market young adult market was under-served by opening a stand-alone shop called Bullock's Woman in an upscale Las Vegas mall that already held a full-line Bullock's department store in March 1987.[50][51] After operating the store for a few months, Federated determined that the venture was profitable enough to expand the concept to other malls containing Bullock's and/or Bullocks Wilshire by opening second and third stores in Palm Desert and in Woodland Hills in September 1987.[52][53]

By 1992, other units were opened in Burbank,[54] Century City[55] and Santa Ana.[55] When the Bullock's and Broadway nameplates were replaced with that of Macy's in 1996, a situation was created in which Macy's inherited excess floor space in the same malls that held the stand-alone Bullock's Woman stores so these were eventually integrated into the nearest Macy's store as the Macy's Woman department which specialized in the plus-sized designer clothing market.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Cole, David K. (1976). Main Place: a Look at a Multi-use Redevelopment (PDF) (Bachelor of Science thesis). University of Illinois.
  2. ^ "New division will advise retailers", Los Angeles Times, February 15, 1970 p.151.
  3. ^ "15 Mar 1970, Page 191 - The Los Angeles Times at". Newspapers.com. 1970-03-15. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
  4. ProQuest 157765562. The first Bullock's Department Store to be located outside of California will be constructed in the Camel View Shopping Center, Scottsdale, Ariz.,the firm said.[permanent dead link
    ]
  5. ProQuest 158151058. Bullock's has opened a full-line department store in the Camel View Plaza, Scottsdale, Ariz., the first entry of the chain into that state. The chain has broken ground for a second Paradise Valley store to open in Christown in 1978.[permanent dead link
    ]
  6. ProQuest 152720706. The five major department stores at the Fashion Show in Las Vegas offer a diverse selection of goods. Bullock's, a 122,550-square-foot facility, will feature a contemporary interior.[permanent dead link
    ]
  7. ^
    ProQuest 156719936. Archived from the original
    on March 7, 2016. Retrieved July 5, 2017. Federated Department Stores Inc., announced the creation Tuesday of a new division, Bullock's north, which will open a chain of Bullock's department stores in the San Francisco area.
  8. ^
    ProQuest 133624243. Archived from the original
    on April 8, 2016. Retrieved July 5, 2017. Federated Department stores Inc. plans to start a new division, Bullock's North, in the San Francisco area. The first store in the new division will be in the Stanford shopping center in Palo Alto. It is to open in the spring of 1972.
  9. ^ a b "Federated Stores". The New York Times. July 21, 1983.
  10. ^
    ProQuest 153513942. Archived from the original
     on April 8, 2016. Retrieved July 5, 2017. The unit, which was established in 1971 as a separate and autonomous group from Federated's Los Angeles-based Bullock's division, operates six stores located in Palo Alto, Walnut Creek, San Jose, Vallco in Cupertino, Oakridge in San Jose and Stonestown and Fashion Island in San Mateo. The transaction does not affect the Southern California Bullock's operations. Seattle-based Nordstrom, which currently operates one store in the San Mateo area, confirmed reports that it reached an agreement to acquire the Bullock's stores in Walnut Creek, Palo Alto and Oakridge.
  11. ^
    ProQuest 1445569902
    . Federated Department Stores said Wednesday it plans to liquidate its Bullock's Northern California division, based in Palo Alto, and has already signed letters of intent to sell off 'certain stores'. But the Seattle-based Nordstrom confirmed it is buying three of the six Bullock's North units - Palo Alto and Walnut Creek near San Francisco and Oakridge in San Jose. Carter Hawley Hale in Los Angeles said it agreed to purchase the Vallco store in San Jose for its San Francisco-based Emporium-Capwell division. Mervyn's, the promotional department store chain based in Hayward, Calif., is reportedly negotiating for the Stonestown store. The sixth remaining unit is Fashion Island in San Mateo, which is an experimentally designed store with a tent-like polyurethane roof.
  12. ^ Sanchez, Jesus (April 2, 1988). "Campeau Gets Federated; Macy's to Buy Bullock's". Los Angeles Times.
  13. ^ Groves, Martha (April 22, 1988). "Bullock's Executives Said to Be Out in Big Reshuffling by Macy's". Los Angeles Times.
  14. ^ Groves, Martha (November 12, 1988). "Bullock's to Cut 25 Jobs, Move Ad Offices to Atlanta". Los Angeles Times.
  15. ^ Lazzareschi, Carla (January 28, 1992). "R.H. Macy Files for Bankruptcy: Retailing: Firm says it will conduct business as usual after taking Chapter 11 action in New York. No immediate store closures or layoffs are seen". Los Angeles Times.
  16. ^ Groves, Martha (October 5, 1989). "Say Goodby [sic] to Bullocks Wilshire: The new owner will put the I. Magnin name on the venerable chain of elegant fashion stores". Los Angeles Times.
  17. ^ White, George & Lee, Patrick (March 2, 1993). "Closures by Macy Include Former Bullocks Wilshire: Retailing: The Art Deco landmark, which is now an I. Magnin, is among eight stores to close in California". Los Angeles Times.
  18. ^ White, George & Gendel, Debra (November 19, 1994). "Venerable I. Magnin to Pass Into History: Retailing: Macy Co. rejects offer by grandson of founder. Fashion Island store and seven others will close". Los Angeles Times.
  19. ^ White, George & Gendel, Debra (November 19, 1994). "Macy to Let I. Magnin Pass Into History: Retailing: Eight of the department stores will be closed and four converted. A grandson's offer for all 12 was not accepted". Los Angeles Times.
  20. ^ "Final Hurdle for Macy, Federated Deal Cleared: Reorganization: Merger of retailers will create nation's largest department store firm". Los Angeles Times. December 9, 1994.
  21. ^ White, George & Apodaca, Patrice (October 13, 1995). "All Bullock's Stores to Be Converted to Macy's". Los Angeles Times.
  22. ISBN 9781439650424
    – via Google Books.
  23. ^ "Bullock's Department Store #1, Downtown, Los Angeles, CA (1906-1907)", PCAD
  24. ^ Moffat, Susan (13 April 1993). "Bullocks Wilshire Closes Doors Today". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 28 April 2019.
  25. ^ "Bullock's New Palm Springs Shop Cheerful", Los Angeles Times, 21 Nov 1930, p. 40 (part II, p. 20)
  26. ^ a b c d "Bullock's to build new Westwood Village store". Los Angeles Times. 5 Jan 1930. p. 30. Retrieved 28 April 2019.
  27. ^ a b "Westwood Shop Opens Tomorrow", Los Angeles Times, 13 May 1932, p.28
  28. ^ “Bullock’s opens branch”, Los Angeles Times, 15 May 1933, section V page 3
  29. ^ Palm Springs Telephone Directory January 1964
  30. ^ "Celebrating mid-century buildings in Palm Springs". Desert Sun.
  31. ^ "PCAD - Bullock's Department Store #2, Palm Springs, CA". Pacific Coast Architecture Database.
  32. ^ a b c ""Lakewood History", City of Lakewood website". Archived from the original on 2019-04-28. Retrieved 2019-04-28.
  33. ^ "Macy to Close 8 Stores; 1,850 Jobs Affected: Retail: The owner of the Bullock's and I. Magnin chains is eliminating its poor performers, including the Bullock's store in La Habra's Fashion Square". Los Angeles Times. May 21, 1992.
  34. ^ "LA HABRA: Old Bullock's to Be Razed for New Mall". Los Angeles Times. June 20, 1995.
  35. ^ a b c "Bullock's to Open in West Covina". Pomona Progress-Bulletin. 1975-09-24.
  36. ^ "Advertisement for Bullock's". Los Angeles Times. September 25, 1975.
  37. ProQuest 162261403. Archived from the original
     on March 18, 2017. Retrieved July 5, 2017. Bullock's Wilshire is a temple to women.
  38. ProQuest 1565011894
    . Bullock's has confirmed it has changed the name of its Palm Springs operation to Bullock's Wilshire," but company president Walter Bergquist said there are no present plans to change other stores to that name.
  39. ProQuest 1523581721
    . Bullock's Inc., has taken the wraps off an expansion program which has long been the subject of speculation along the retail front. It includes development of Bullock's Wilshire as a separate business, with its own growth program, and addition of new Bullock's units. Word of these developments came from Weston P. Figgins, chairman. and Howard Goldfeder, president. Both declined to expand on a terse bulletin. Bullock's Wilshire, which has long operated as an autonomous entity under the Bullock's management wing, now will function on its own with additional units carrying Bullock's Wilshire merchandise. Goldfeder succeeded Walter Bergquist as Bullock's president. Bergquist was shifted to the new post of president, Bullock's Wilshire, a step which tended to substantiate speculation relative to possible growth of the autonomous store which also operates Bullock's unit in Palm Springs. Bullock's. Inc., operates 10 stores.
  40. ProQuest 165523292. Archived from the original
    on March 4, 2016. Retrieved July 5, 2017. Final steps were started yesterday in the affiliation of I. Magnin & Co. with Bullock's, Inc. P.G. Winnett, president of Bullock's, announced that more than 80 per cent of the outstanding share of I. Magnin have accepted Bullock's offer of exchange.
  41. ProQuest 119331591
    . Federated Department Stores, Inc., the country's largest department-store chain, announced yesterday the establishment of a new division. Bullock's North, in the San Francisco area. The first store in the new division, to be followed by others, will be a 15,000-square-foot unit in the Stanford Shopping Center In Palo Alto, Calif. It is expected to open by spring, 1972.
  42. ProQuest 1523552866
    . Federated Department Stores, Inc., Tuesday announced the launching of Bullock's North, a new division in the San Francisco area, to be headed by Morton Hull. Bullock's North's first store will total 150,000 square feet, and will be in the Stanford shopping center in Palo Alto.
  43. ProQuest 1523644558
    . Bullock's North, the Federated Dept. Stores Inc., division building its first store in the Stanford shopping center here is about to sign for two more stores. For the time being, the Stanford store will be the headquarters. As reported, the Stanford unit will be 150,000 square feet on two levels. According to the president, Bullock's is setting its sights on the upper middle price market in the area. Retail observers here think a major battle is shaping up between Bullock's North and Macy's California.
  44. ProQuest 1627308818
    . Bullock's North finally cleared the last hurdles to its proposed second store in downtown Walnut Creek. The store, which opened its first unit in Sanford shopping center here last March. Bullock's plans to build a three-story, 180,000-square-foot store at the corner of South Broadway and Mt. Diablo Boulevard, downtown. The area is called the Broadway shopping center. Opening is scheduled for March 1974, and ground will be broken soon.
  45. ProQuest 1699923954
    . Bullock's North has opened its third northern California store. The 180,000-square-foot Store is in the Vallco Fashion Park, at the intersection of Route 280 and Wolfe Ave., here. The other two Bullock's North stores are in the Stanford shopping center, Palo Alto, and in downtown Walnut Creek. Work reportedly will start soon on Bullock's next store, in Marin County.
  46. ^
    ProQuest 1627320186
    . Bullock's North is planning its fourth store in this area and the first in San Francisco, in the Stonestown shopping center. Bullock's expects to build a 180,000-square-foot unit on the former City of Paris site in the center, with a multi-story parking facility next door. Apparently, the new unit will be a full-line department store similar to units in Walnut Creek and Vallco Park. Both stores recently opened furniture departments. The main store, in the Stanford shopping center, still has no furniture section, and is the smallest of the three, 150,000 square feet. Bullock's committed itself to a branch in the Corte Madera shopping center in Marin County several years ago, but the electorate recalled the City Council members who had approved the plan.
  47. ProQuest 1699956916
    . Construction is underway on the 172,000-square-foot Bullock's North branch in Stonestown shopping center here.
  48. ProQuest 153147010
    . Construction has been completed on the $62-million, 856,000-square-foot San Mateo Fashion Island, a single level shopping and recreation complex in San Mateo. The complex features Bullock's, J.C. Penney, Liberty House and Montgomery Ward department stores and 132 specialty shops.
  49. ^ Hartlaub, Peter (January 14, 2011). "Never mind the Bullock's: A tribute to Fashion Island in San Mateo". San Francisco Chronicle.
  50. ^ Groves, Martha (March 6, 1987). "Bullock's Woman: Specialty Retailer's New Store Has Chic Size-16 Set in Mind". Los Angeles Times. Taking a plunge into the fastest-growing segment of apparel retailing, the Bullock's department store chain is opening a Las Vegas store catering to large-size apparel for women. The 3,000-square-foot store, to be called Bullock's Woman, is scheduled to open March 14 at the city's Fashion Show Mall, next to a Bullock's department store and not far from a Lane Bryant, the reputed leader in large-size retailing.
  51. ProQuest 1445566668
    . Bullock's will open a prototype store on Monday for large-size women's apparel. Called Bullock's Woman, it will be in the Las Vegas Fashion Show Mall. The 3,000-square-foot store will be the first of a planned chain of possibly 15 stores that will carry dresses and sportswear for sizes 14 to 24. Bullock's Woman will also carry a limited assortment of accessories, intimate apparel and hosiery. Bullock's Woman marks the first time this division of Federated Department Stores has spun off a specialty store concept since the opening of Bullocks Wilshire in 1929.
  52. ^ Groves, Martha (September 13, 1987). "Bullock's Finds Its Large-Size Clothing Stores Are a Big Hit". Los Angeles Times. Buoyed by a successful six-month test run of its Bullock's Woman store in Las Vegas, the Los Angeles department store company last week opened a second location at the Palm Desert Town Center, and will start up a third, at Promenade Mall in Woodland Hills, next Saturday.
  53. ProQuest 1445554723
    . Bullock's Woman will make its debut in southern California Saturday with a 3,000-square-foot store in the Palm Desert Town Center. The large size specialty store concept was introduced last March in Las Vegas by Bullock's department stores. A third store is tentatively slated to open Sept. 26 at Woodland Hills Promenade shopping center in the San Fernando Valley.
  54. ^ Davidson, Idelle (July 26, 1992). "Style: Fashion: The Big Picture". Los Angeles Times. When Bullock's opened free-standing Bullock's Woman stores in Woodland Hills and Palm Desert in 1987, the move made minor history. Now another one is set to open in Burbank.
  55. ^ a b DeWitt, Barbara (November 5, 1992). "Malls Celebrate Season With New Ambiance, Stores". Los Angeles Daily News. p. L7. In Century City Shopping Center & Marketplace, the lineup of new shops includes ... Bullock's Woman, a separate Bullock's store for large-sized women

Further reading

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