Buprestidae

Buprestidae Temporal range: Late Triassic–Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Agrilinae (bottom row), Chrysochroinae (top row, left 3), and Buprestinae (others) from Genera Insectorum
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Coleoptera
Suborder:	Polyphaga
Infraorder:	Elateriformia
Superfamily:	Buprestoidea
Family:	Buprestidae Leach, 1815
Subfamilies
Agrilinae Buprestinae Chrysochroinae Galbellinae Julodinae †Parathyreinae Polycestinae (but see text)

Buprestidae is a

Shape is generally cylindrical or elongate to ovoid, with lengths ranging from 3 to 80 mm (0.12 to 3.15 in), although most species are under 20 mm (0.79 in). Catoxantha, Chrysaspis, Euchroma and Megaloxantha contain the largest species. A variety of bright colors are known, often in complicated patterns. The iridescence common to these beetles is not due to pigments in the exoskeleton, but instead is caused by structural coloration, in which microscopic texture in their cuticle selectively reflects specific frequencies of light in particular directions. This is the same effect that makes a compact disc reflect multiple colors.

The

Ten species of flatheaded borers of the family Buprestidae feed on spruce and fir, but hemlock is their preferred food source (Rose and Lindquist 1985).^[3] As with roundheaded borers, most feeding occurs in dying or dead trees, or close to injuries on living trees. Damage becomes abundant only where a continuing supply of breeding material is available. The life history of these borers is similar to that of the roundheaded borers, but some exceedingly long life cycles have been reported under adverse conditions. Full-grown larvae, up to 25 mm long, are characteristically flattened, the anterior part of the body being much broader than the rest. The bronzed adults are usually seen only where suitable material occurs in sunny locations.

Systematics

Jewel beetle classification is not yet robustly established, although there appear to be five or six main lineages, which may be considered subfamilies, possibly with one or two being raised to families in their own right. Some other systems define up to 14 subfamilies.

Subfamilies and selected Genera

The commonly accepted subfamilies, with some representative genera, are:

Agrilinae – cosmopolitan, with most taxa occurring in the Northern Hemisphere

• Aaaaba Bellamy, 2013
• Agrilus Curtis, 1825
• Anodontodora Obenberger, 1931
• Asymades Kerremans, 1893
• Brachys Dejean, 1833
• Chalcophlocteis Obenberger, 1924
• Discoderoides Théry, 1936
• Entomogaster Saunders, 1871
• Ethiopoeus Bellamy, 2008
• Madecorformica Bellamy, 2008
• Meliboeus Deyrolle, 1864
• Pachyschelus Solier, 1833
• Paracylindromorphus Thery, 1930
• Paradorella Obenberger, 1923
• Pseudokerremansia Bellamy & Holm, 1985
• Strandietta Obenberger, 1931
• †Burmagrilus Jiang et al. 2021 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian

Buprestinae – cosmopolitan

• Agrilozodes Thery, 1927
• Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829
• Bubastoides
• Buprestis
• Calodema – found only in Australia and New Guinea; usually in rain forests
• Castiarina – about 500 species, found only in Australia and New Guinea, previously considered a subgenus of Stigmodera
• Chrysobothris
• Colobogaster
• Conognatha
• Eurythyrea
• Hiperantha
• Metaxymorpha – found only in Australia, New Guinea, and Indonesia; usually in rain forests
• Stigmodera – 7 species remain here
• Temognatha – About 83-85 species, found only in Australia and New Guinea, previously considered a subgenus of Stigmodera

Chrysochroinae

• Capnodis
• Chalcophora
• Chrysochroa
• Chrysodema Laporte & Gory, 1835 (= Cyalithoides)
• Euchroma
• Halecia
• Lampetis Dejean, 1833 – sometimes included in the tribe Psilopterini, but actually not very close to Psiloptera (tentatively placed here)
• Lampropepla
• Perotis
• Psiloptera (tentatively placed here)

• Galbella

Julodinae

• Aaata
• Amblysterna
• Julodella
• Julodis
• Neojulodis
• Sternocera

Polycestinae

• Acmaeodera

• 
  Unidentified species from Pune (India)
• 
  Unidentified species from

  Victoria, Australia

  )
• 
  Buprestinae (center right and lower left), Julodinae (center) and Polycestinae (others) from Charles Kerremans' Monographie des Buprestides
• 
  Dicerca obscura (subfamilia Chrysochroinae), North America
• 
  Messel Pit (Germany

  )
• 
  Sternocera sp., Tamil Nadu
• 
  Chrysochroa fulminans from Mindanao, Philippines
• 
  Collection of Buprestidae from Southeast Asia in Musée d'Histoire Naturelle de Lille

References

Further reading

• Bellamy, C.L. & Nelson, G.H. (2002): Buprestidae. In: Arnett, Ross H. Jr. & Thomas, Michael C.: American Beetles (Volume 2). CRC Press.
• Akiyama, K. and S. Ohmomo. 2000. The Buprestid Beetles of the World. Iconographic Series of Insects 4.
  ISBN 4-943955-04-5
  . A 341-page work with 120 colour plates.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Buprestidae.

Wikispecies has information related to Buprestidae.

• Jewel beetle site, with extensive lists of species and many photos
• Flickr Images
• ZinRus Impressive photos.
• Jewel beetles depicted on postage stamps
• Jewel beetles can hear fires, short summary of a JEB-Paper
• Jewel Beetle High Resolution Photography

Archived links

• The World of Jewel Beetles (Buprestidae Home Page)
• Jewel beetles of Prague, with pictures
• Bibliography
• Taiwanese Site Images
  Binomial Names
• Images of types at NHM(London)
• Hampshire Museum - Beetles in jewelry