CCK-4
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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Tetragastrin; Cholecystokinin tetrapeptide |
| Routes of administration | IV |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 100% |
| Metabolism | plasma protease enzymes |
| Elimination half-life | 13 minutes |
| Excretion | N/A |
| Identifiers | |
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Cholecystokinin tetrapeptide (CCK-4, tetragastrin,
CCK-4 reliably causes severe anxiety symptoms when administered to humans in a dose of as little as 50 μg,[1] and is commonly used in scientific research to induce panic attacks for the purpose of testing new anxiolytic drugs.[2][3][4][5] Since it is a peptide, CCK-4 must be administered by injection, and is rapidly broken down once inside the body so has only a short duration of action,[6] although numerous synthetic analogues with modified properties are known.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]