CD33
Ensembl |
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| Location (UCSC) | Chr 19: 51.23 – 51.24 Mb | n/a | |||||||
| PubMed search | [2] | n/a | |||||||
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CD33 or Siglec-3 (sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 3, SIGLEC3, SIGLEC-3, gp67, p67) is a
It binds
Structure
The extracellular portion of this receptor contains two immunoglobulin domains (one IgV and one IgC2 domain), placing CD33 within the immunoglobulin superfamily. The intracellular portion of CD33 contains immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) that are implicated in inhibition of cellular activity.[5]
Function
CD33 can be stimulated by any molecule with sialic acid residues such as glycoproteins or glycolipids. Upon binding, the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM) of CD33, present on the cytosolic portion of the protein, is phosphorylated and acts as a docking site for Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing proteins like SHP phosphatases. This results in a cascade that inhibits phagocytosis in the cell.[6]
Alzheimer's disease
CD33 controls microglial activation but in Alzheimer disease it goes overdrive in presence of amyloid and tau proteins, its expression is known to be tied to TREM2.[7][8][9][10]
Clinical significance
CD33 is the target of
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin was initially approved by the
CD33 is also the target in
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000105383 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- PMID 15388576.
- S2CID 21259300.
- ^ Myeloid cell surface antigen CD33 precursor – Homo sapiens (Human)
- PMID 30541012.
- PMID 31301936.
- PMID 26414614.
- ^ "Deleting CD33 Benefits Mice—If Their Microglia Express TREM2". ALZFORUM. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
- ^ Stetka B (2022-01-30). "How a hyperactive cell in the brain might trigger Alzheimer's disease". NPR. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
- PMID 17227830.
- ^ "Calicheamicin (LL-E33288 antibiotics)". ADC Review / Journal of Antibody-drug Conjugates. 20 March 2015.
- PMID 34203180.
- ^ "FDA approves Mylotarg for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia". Food and Drug Administration. 24 March 2020.
- ^ "Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg®) Drug Description". ADC Review / Journal of Antibody-drug Conjugates. 19 July 2015.
- ^ "Pfizer Voluntarily Withdraws Cancer Treatment Mylotarg from U.S. Market". FDA Press Release. 21 June 2010.
- ^ "FDA approves Mylotarg for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia". Food and Drug Administration. 24 March 2020.
- ^ "Vadastuximab Talirine (SGN CD33a) Drug Description". ADC Review / Journal of Antibody-drug Conjugates. 23 November 2015.
External links
- Human CD33 genome location and CD33 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.