CD46
CD46 complement regulatory protein also known as CD46 (cluster of differentiation 46) and Membrane Cofactor Protein is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CD46 gene.[5] CD46 is an inhibitory complement receptor.[6]
Gene
This gene is found in a cluster on chromosome 1q32 with other genes encoding structural components of the complement system. At least fourteen different transcript variants encoding fourteen different isoforms have been found for this gene.[7]
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a type I membrane protein and is a regulatory part of the complement system.
The encoded protein has cofactor activity for inactivation (through cleavage) of complement components
The protein encoded by this gene may be involved in the fusion of the
Clinical significance
Measles infection
The encoded protein can act as a receptor for the Edmonston strain of
The extracellular region of CD46 contains four short consensus repeats (SCR) of about 60 amino acids that fold into a compact
Medulloblastoma
Established
Prostate cancer
Recently, CD46 has emerged as a promising target for the treatment of both adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine types of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).[16][17] YS5, a human full-length IgG1 with high specificity for CD46, was identified to have high binding affinity for prostate cancer tissue.[16] YS5 has been developed into an antibody-drug conjugate, FOR46, which is currently in a phase I clinical trial (NCT03575819) for the treatment of mCRPC. Since then, a companion molecular imaging agent for CD46-targeted therapy has been developed.[18]
Inflammatory diseases
CD46 deficiency contributes to inflammation disorders.[19]
Interactions
CD46 has been shown to
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000117335 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000016493 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- PMID 7929741.
- PMID 1910685.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: CD46 CD46 molecule, complement regulatory protein".
- PMID 15324743.
- S2CID 28240864.
- PMID 7529121.
- S2CID 25265753.
- PMID 15078919.
- PMID 21458587.
- S2CID 20827342.
- PMID 20494960.
- ^ PMID 30185663.
- PMID 16982673.
- PMID 33293372.
- PMID 34004375.
- ^ PMID 10741407.
External links
- GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Atypical Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
- OMIM entries on Atypical Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
- CD46+antigen at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Human CD46 genome location and CD46 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
- Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P15529 (Human Membrane cofactor protein (CD46)) at the PDBe-KB.