Cadherin-2

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CDH2
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CDH2
Gene ontology
Molecular function
Cellular component
Biological process
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001308176
NM_001792

NM_007664

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001295105
NP_001783
NP_001783.2

NP_031690

Location (UCSC)Chr 18: 27.93 – 28.18 MbChr 18: 16.72 – 16.94 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Cadherin-2 also known as Neural cadherin (N-cadherin), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDH2 gene.[5][6][7] CDH2 has also been designated as CD325 (cluster of differentiation 325). Cadherin-2 is a

cardiomyocytes. Alterations in expression and integrity of Cadherin-2 has been observed in various forms of disease, including human dilated cardiomyopathy. Variants in CDH2 have also been identified to cause a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder.[8]

Structure

Cadherin-2 is a

interact with Cadherin-2 on an adjacent cell in an anti-parallel conformation, thus creating a linear, adhesive "zipper" between cells.[10]

Function

Cadherin-2, originally named Neural cadherin for its role in

neural tissue, plays a role in neurons and later was found to also play a role in cardiac muscle and in cancer metastasis. Cadherin-2 is a transmembrane, homophilic glycoprotein belonging to the calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecule family. These proteins have extracellular domains that mediate homophilic interactions between adjacent cells, and C-terminal, cytoplasmic tails that mediate binding to catenins
, which in turn interact with the actin cytoskeleton.[11][12][13]

Role in development

Cadherin-2 plays a role in development as a calcium dependent cell–cell adhesion

left-right asymmetry.[14]

Cadherin-2 is widely expressed in the

Role in cardiac muscle

In

cardiomyocytes, and neighboring cardiomyocytes lost cell–cell contact and gap junction plaques as well.[26]

Mouse models employing transgenesis have highlighted the function of N-cadherin in

cortactin combined with disrupted actin cytoskeleton at the sarcolemma.[29]

Role in neurons

In neural cells, at certain central nervous system

Cadherin-catenin complex in learning and memory). Loss of N-cadherin is also associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in humans, and impaired synaptic functioning. [31]

Role in cancer metastasis

Cadherin-2 is commonly found in cancer cells and provides a mechanism for transendothelial migration. When a cancer cell adheres to the endothelial cells of a blood vessel it up-regulates the

E-cadherins. This causes the intercellular connection between two adjacent endothelial cells to fail and allows the cancer cell to slip through.[32]

Clinical significance

Variants in CDH2 have been identified to cause a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by Corpus callosum, axon, cardiac, ocular, and genital differences.[8]

One study investigating genetic underpinnings of

obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette disorder found that while CDH2 variants are likely not disease-causing as single entities, they may confer risk when examined as part of a panel of related cell–cell adhesion genes.[33]
Further studies in larger cohorts will be required to unequivocally determine this.

In human

heart disease may be a component of remodeling.[34]

Interactions

Cadherin-2 has been shown to interact with:

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000170558 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024304 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ "UniProt". www.uniprot.org. Retrieved 26 August 2022.
  6. S2CID 29840435
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  9. ^ "Protein sequence of human CDH2 (Uniprot ID: P19022)". Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase (COPaKB). Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  10. S2CID 4314442
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  30. ^ "Entrez Gene: CDH2 cadherin 2, type 1, N-cadherin (neuronal)".
  31. PMID 34702855
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Further reading

External links

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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