CIA activities in Myanmar

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CIA activities in Myanmar were operations by the Central Intelligence Agency and before that the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) from World War II onward in the nation formerly known as Burma. There appears to be somewhat limited information concerning CIA operations in Myanmar, as compared to other nations, such as Vietnam.[citation needed]

World War II

Roger Hilsman, a veteran of the efforts to form partisan anti-Japanese resistance fighters among the various ethnic groups

During

Japanese conquest of Myanmar in 1942.[1]

Vietnam war.[2]

Cold War

According to released documents from the

Ceylon, Malaysia, and Japan.[3]

Kuomintang in Myanmar

Main articles:
Campaign at the China–Burma border
Lieutenant General Li Mi, a Chinese nationalist general but, in reality, Commander of the large Anti-Communist National Salvation Army guerrilla force.[4]

At the close of the

Desmond Fitzgerald attempted to correct the situation by dropping more weapons and ammunition into the area. The soldiers, however, refused to fight, and instead settled in the area, growing poppies, and intermarrying with locals. This blunder by the CIA resulted in Li Mi running a major heroin operation, which the CIA saw fit to eradicate twenty years later.[5]

In 1952, in an effort to bolster Li Mi's forces, 700 men were airlifted from Taiwan. Over the course of 1952 and 1953, flights carrying weapons and ammunition arrived in Mong Hsat in the Shan State of Myanmar on nearly a daily basis. Several tons of medical supplies and communication equipment were flown in as well. General Li Mi reported that such numbers were exaggerated, however, suggesting that there had only been 20 deliveries to Mong Hsat in 1952, and that each plane could only carry ten people and one ton of payload.[6]

Chemical Weapons Allegations

A CIA document from 1988 suggests that Burma had a small chemical weapons production facility, supposedly built with the help of West Germany in the early 1980s. The document claims that the facility had produced mustard gas in the past, but had ceased production. The document also goes on to state that ethnic insurgents in Burma have claimed that the Army was importing chemical weapons from China, but the CIA was unable to verify such claims.[7]

Post-Cold War

On 10 September 2007, the Myanmar government accused the CIA of assassinating a rebel Karen commander from the Karen National Union who wanted to negotiate with the military government.[8]

According to media reports citing documents published by Germany's

Embassy of the United States in Yangon is the site of an electronic surveillance facility used to monitor telephones and communications networks. The facility is run jointly by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the National Security Agency (NSA) through a group known as Special Collection Service.[9]

In 2011 the Guardian published

Irrawaddy river.[10]

See also

References

  1. ^ "BBC - History - World Wars: The Burma Campaign 1941 - 1945". Retrieved 2018-07-26.
  2. ^ "The Mouse That Roared: State Department Intelligence in the Vietnam War".
  3. ^ Jeffrey T. Richelson, The Soviet Estimate: U.S. Analysis of the Soviet Union, 1947-91 (Washington, D.C.: The National Security Archive, 1995), SE 00081, “The Communist Influence in Burma,” January 11th 1950, pp. 5-6.
  4. ^ Chen, C. Peter. "Li Mi". WW2DB. Retrieved 2018-07-26.
  5. ^ Tim Weiner. (2008). Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA. New York: Anchor Books. pages 60-61.
  6. ^ Jovan Čavoški. (April 2010). Arming Nonalignment: Yugoslavia’s Relations with Burma and the Cold war in Asia (1950-1955). Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.
  7. ^ http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/nukevault/ebb423/docs/11.%20special%20weapons.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  8. ^ "Burma Accuses CIA of Involvement in KNU Assassination". Narinjara.com. 9 October 2007. Archived from the original on 30 April 2011.
  9. ^ Tim McLaughlin and Nyan Lynn Aung (31 October 2013). "US embassy in Yangon a secret listening post: Snowden". The Myanmar Times. Archived from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 31 October 2013.
  10. ^ "WikiLeaks cables: Americans funded groups that stalled Burma dam project". The Guardian. 30 September 2011. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
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