Cairns
Cairns Gimuy ( Federal division(s) | |||||||||
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Cairns (/ˈkænz/ ⓘ;[note 1] Yidiny: Gimuy) is a city in Queensland, Australia,[4] on the tropical north east coast of Far North Queensland. In the 2021 census, Cairns had a population of 153,181 people.[1]
The city was founded in 1876 and named after Sir William Wellington Cairns, following the discovery of gold in the Hodgkinson river.[5] During World War II, the city became a staging ground for the Allied Forces in the Battle of the Coral Sea. By the late 20th century the city had become a centre of international tourism. In the early 21st century it has developed into a major metropolitan city.
The economy of Cairns is based primarily on tourism, healthcare and education, along with a major capacity in aviation, marine and defence industries.[6] The city has a gross regional product at about $10.2 billion.[7] The city is served by Cairns International Airport, the seventh busiest airport in Australia. Cairns also has a major cruise ship industry servicing both domestic and international markets, with terminals at Cairns Seaport and Cairns Wharf Complex.
Cairns is a major tourist destination, with access to two UNESCO world heritage sites; the Daintree Rainforest as part of the Wet Tropics of Queensland, and the Great Barrier Reef, one of the seven natural wonders of the world.
History
Prior to British settlement, the Cairns area was inhabited by the Gimuy Walubara Yidinji people,[8][9] who still claim their native title rights.[10] Yidinji (also known as Yidinj, Yidiny, and Idindji) is an Australian Aboriginal language. Its traditional language region is within the local government areas of Cairns Region and Tablelands Region, in such localities as Cairns, Gordonvale, and the Mulgrave River, and the southern part of the Atherton Tableland including Atherton and Kairi. The area in which the city is located is known in the local Yidiny language as Gimuy,[8] and the clan who inhabited the region before colonisation are the Gimuy-walubarra clan.[9]
From 1770 to the early 1870s the area was known to the British simply as
In 1876, hastened by the need to export gold mined from the
Throughout the late 19th century, Cairns prospered from the settlement of Chinese immigrants who helped develop the region's agriculture.[15]
The Cairns Parish of the Roman Catholic Vicariate Apostolic of Cooktown (now the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cairns) was established in 1884.[16]
Debris from the construction of a railway to Herberton on the Atherton Tableland, a project which started in 1886, was also used. The railway opened up land later used for agriculture on the lowlands (sugar cane, corn, rice, bananas, pineapples), and for fruit and dairy production on the Tableland. The success of local agriculture helped establish Cairns as a port, and the creation of a harbour board in 1906 supported its robust economic future.[17][18]
The Wharf Estate Cairns went on sale in Brisbane via auction on 19 February 1889 by John Macnamara & Co. Land Auctioneers. The land was part of the place known as the Railway Reserve. The sale was described by the Auctioneers as the 'largest ever yet held in Northern Queensland'.[19][20][21]
On 25 April 1926 (
During World War II, the
After World War II, Cairns gradually developed into a centre for tourism. The opening of the Cairns International Airport in 1984 helped establish the city as a desirable destination for international tourism particularly from the emerging Japanese market.[26]
Demographics
In the 2016 census, the urban area of Cairns had a population of 144,730 people.[27]
In the 2021 census, the urban area of Cairns had a population of 153,181 people.[1]
- Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 9.7% of the population.[1]
- 68.2% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were England 4.0%, New Zealand 2.9%, Papua New Guinea 1.5%, Philippines 1.3% and India 1.2%.[1]
- 76.1% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Japanese 1.5%, Nepali 0.7%, Mandarin 0.7%, Punjabi 0.6%, and Creole languages 0.6%.[1]
- The most common responses for religion were No Religion 41.9%, Catholic 19.7%, Not stated 10.1%, Anglican 9.8%, other Christian 2.8%.[1]
Geography
This section needs additional citations for verification. (April 2022) |
Cairns is located on the east coast of
Urban layout
Cairns is a provincial city, with a linear urban layout that runs from the south at Edmonton to the north at
The Northern Beaches consist of a number of beach communities extending north along the coast. In general, each beach suburb is at the end of a spur road extending from the
]The suburb of Smithfield is inland against the mountains of the Great Dividing Range, between Yorkeys Knob and Trinity Park. It serves as the main hub for the Northern Beaches, with a modern shopping arcade, called Smithfield Shopping Centre.[citation needed]
South of Smithfield and inland from the Northern Beaches along the edge of the Barron River
The
Southside Cairns, situated in a narrow area between
Climate
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Cairns experiences a tropical climate, specifically a tropical monsoon climate (Am) under the Köppen climate classification.[29][30] A wet season with heavy monsoonal downpours runs from November to May, with a relatively dry season from June to October, though light showers occur during this period.[31] Cairns's mean annual rainfall is just under 2,000 millimetres (79 in), although monthly totals in the wet season from December to April can exceed 1,000 mm (39 in), with the highest monthly rainfall being recorded in January 1981, when over 1,417.4 mm (55.80 in) of rain fell.[32] In contrast, as little as 721 millimetres or 28.39 inches fell in the record dry calendar year of 2002.[citation needed]
Cairns has hot, humid summers and very warm winters.
Climate data for Cairns Airport, Queensland, Australia (1991-2020 normals, extremes 1941-present); 2 m AMSL | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 40.4 (104.7) |
40.0 (104.0) |
37.7 (99.9) |
36.8 (98.2) |
31.3 (88.3) |
30.8 (87.4) |
30.1 (86.2) |
31.4 (88.5) |
33.9 (93.0) |
36.0 (96.8) |
42.6 (108.7) |
40.5 (104.9) |
42.6 (108.7) |
Mean maximum °C (°F) | 33.6 (92.5) |
33.3 (91.9) |
32.7 (90.9) |
31.1 (88.0) |
29.4 (84.9) |
28.0 (82.4) |
27.6 (81.7) |
28.5 (83.3) |
29.9 (85.8) |
31.3 (88.3) |
32.3 (90.1) |
33.5 (92.3) |
33.6 (92.5) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.7 (89.1) |
31.5 (88.7) |
30.9 (87.6) |
29.6 (85.3) |
28.0 (82.4) |
26.6 (79.9) |
26.2 (79.2) |
27.0 (80.6) |
28.7 (83.7) |
29.9 (85.8) |
31.1 (88.0) |
31.8 (89.2) |
29.4 (85.0) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 27.9 (82.2) |
27.8 (82.0) |
27.2 (81.0) |
25.8 (78.4) |
24.1 (75.4) |
22.6 (72.7) |
21.7 (71.1) |
22.2 (72.0) |
23.8 (74.8) |
25.4 (77.7) |
26.8 (80.2) |
27.8 (82.0) |
25.3 (77.5) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 24.0 (75.2) |
24.1 (75.4) |
23.4 (74.1) |
22.0 (71.6) |
20.1 (68.2) |
18.5 (65.3) |
17.2 (63.0) |
17.3 (63.1) |
18.8 (65.8) |
20.8 (69.4) |
22.5 (72.5) |
23.7 (74.7) |
21.0 (69.9) |
Mean minimum °C (°F) | 22.1 (71.8) |
22.3 (72.1) |
21.4 (70.5) |
19.6 (67.3) |
16.8 (62.2) |
13.9 (57.0) |
13.1 (55.6) |
13.9 (57.0) |
15.8 (60.4) |
18.0 (64.4) |
20.2 (68.4) |
21.6 (70.9) |
13.1 (55.6) |
Record low °C (°F) | 18.2 (64.8) |
17.9 (64.2) |
17.7 (63.9) |
13.0 (55.4) |
10.1 (50.2) |
6.2 (43.2) |
7.3 (45.1) |
7.8 (46.0) |
9.3 (48.7) |
12.4 (54.3) |
14.6 (58.3) |
17.1 (62.8) |
6.2 (43.2) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 388.7 (15.30) |
479.0 (18.86) |
368.2 (14.50) |
175.9 (6.93) |
81.2 (3.20) |
42.7 (1.68) |
35.9 (1.41) |
26.6 (1.05) |
29.3 (1.15) |
63.4 (2.50) |
85.1 (3.35) |
190.0 (7.48) |
1,966 (77.41) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 15.8 | 15.4 | 14.6 | 14.2 | 9.9 | 7.1 | 5.7 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 6.0 | 8.3 | 10.6 | 116.3 |
Average relative humidity (%)
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71.0 | 74.5 | 70.5 | 70.5 | 68.5 | 66.5 | 63.5 | 62.0 | 60.0 | 60.5 | 63.5 | 67.0 | 66.5 |
Average dew point °C (°F) | 22.9 (73.2) |
23.5 (74.3) |
22.0 (71.6) |
20.7 (69.3) |
18.6 (65.5) |
16.7 (62.1) |
15.3 (59.5) |
15.6 (60.1) |
17.0 (62.6) |
18.7 (65.7) |
20.5 (68.9) |
22.0 (71.6) |
19.5 (67.0) |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 213.9 | 175.2 | 204.6 | 210.0 | 220.1 | 210.0 | 232.5 | 251.1 | 270.0 | 279.0 | 258.0 | 241.8 | 2,766.2 |
Mean daily sunshine hours | 6.9 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.0 | 7.5 | 8.1 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 8.6 | 7.8 | 7.6 |
Percent possible sunshine | 54 | 50 | 55 | 61 | 63 | 63 | 67 | 69 | 74 | 73 | 67 | 60 | 63 |
Source 1: Australian Bureau of Meteorology (1991-2020 normals)[34]
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Source 2: Australian Bureau of Meteorology (1941-present extremes)[35]
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Tropical cyclones
Like most of North and Far North Queensland, Cairns is prone to tropical cyclones, usually forming between November and May.
Cyclones that have affected the Cairns region include:
- Cyclone Jasper, 2023
- Cyclone Yasi, 2011
- Cyclone Larry, 2006
- Cyclone Abigail, 2001
- Cyclone Steve, 2000
- Cyclone Rona, 1999
- Cyclone Justin, 1997
Cyclone Jasper in December 2023 caused record flooding. The Barron River exceeded the March 1977 record of 3.8 metres (12 ft), making it the worst flooding event in Cairns since records began in 1915.[36]
Facilities
The City Library, operated by the
Heritage listings
Cairns has a number of
- Cairns-to-Kuranda railway line[40]
- Abbott Street: Dr EA Koch Memorial[41]
- Abbott Street: Barrier Reef Hotel[42]
- Abbott Street: Bishop's House[43]
- Abbott Street: St Monica's High School Administration Building[44]
- 6A–8A Abbott Street: former Cairns Customs House[45]
- 38–40 Abbott Street: Cairns Court House[46]
- 151 Abbott Street: Cairns City Council Chambers[47]
- 179 Abbott Street: St Joseph's Convent[48]
- 183 Abbott Street: St Monica's War Memorial Cathedral[49]
- Collins Avenue, Edge Hill: Flecker Botanical Gardens
- Collins Avenue, Edge Hill: WWII RAN Fuel Installation[50]
- Grafton Street: Cairns Control Room, World War II Volunteer Defence Corps[51]
- 99 Grafton Street: former Cairns Chinatown[52]
- 28D Grove Street, Parramatta Park: Grove Street Pensioners' Cottages[53]
- Lake Street: Bolands Centre[54]
- 37 Lake Street: former Adelaide Steamship Co Ltd Building[55]
- 39–49 Lake Street: former Central Hotel[56]
- 87 Lake Street: Hides Hotel[57]
- 93–105 Lake Street: former School of Arts[58]
- 399 Kamerunga Road, Redlynch: Xavier and Sadie Herbert's Cottage[59]
- 127–145 McLeod Street, Cairns North: McLeod Street Pioneer Cemetery[60]
- 180 McLeod, Cairns North: Herries Private Hospital[61]
- Minnie Street: St Monica's Old Cathedral[62]
- 8 Minnie Street: Cairns Masonic Temple[63]
- Sheridan Street, Cairns North: Cairns Technical College and High School Building[64]
- The Esplanade: Cairns War Memorial[65]
- 51 The Esplanade: former Mulgrave Shire Council Chambers[66]
- 183–185 The Esplanade, Cairns North: Floriana[67]
- Wharf Street: Cairns Wharf Complex[68]
- 29 Wharf Street: former Jack and Newell Building[69]
Governance
Cairns is part of the
The Cairns Region consists of three former local government areas. The first was the original City of Cairns, consisting of the Cairns City region as listed above. The second, which was amalgamated in 1995, was the Shire of Mulgrave (comprising the other areas, namely the Northern Beaches, Redlynch Valley and Southside). The town of Gordonvale was once called Nelson. The third area is the Shire of Douglas, which amalgamated in 2008 during major statewide local government reforms.[citation needed]
At the time of the 1995 amalgamation, Cairns City had a population of approximately 40,000 and Mulgrave Shire had a population of approximately 60,000. Both local government authorities had chambers in the Cairns CBD. The old Cairns City Council chambers has been converted into a new city library. In a controversial decision,[70] new Council chambers were constructed on previously contaminated land in the mainly industrial suburb of Portsmith.[citation needed]
Cairns has three representatives in the
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Economy
Cairns serves as the major commercial centre for the Far North Queensland and Cape York Peninsula Regions. It is a base for the regional offices of various government departments.[citation needed]
Tourism
Tourism plays a major part in the Cairns economy. According to Tourism Australia, the Cairns region is the fourth-most-popular destination for international tourists in Australia after Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane.[73] While the city does not rank amongst Australia's top 10 destinations for domestic tourism, it attracts a significant number of Australian holiday makers despite its distance from major capitals.[74] There is also a growing interest in Cairns from the Chinese leisure market with regular scheduled direct flights from Chinese cities such as Shanghai and Guangzhou. During the 2013 Chinese Lunar New Year period alone, Cairns saw 20,000 Chinese holidaymakers flying in on chartered flights.[75]
The city is near the Great Barrier Reef, the Wet Tropics of Queensland, and the Atherton Tableland. Great Barrier Reef tours that operate from Cairns are very popular and hence Cairns is also considered as the gateway to Great Barrier Reef.
The Cairns esplanade includes a swimming lagoon with adjoining barbecue areas. Cairns Esplanade Lagoon opened in March 2003.[76] Though initially controversial, the 4800-square-metre pool has proved a very popular local attraction since its opening. In May 2003, the then Cairns Mayor Kevin Byrne declared that topless sunbathing is permitted here.[77][78] Many leisure activities are conducted in this area, including flea market, sports classes and many more.[citation needed]
Commercial
Several shopping centres of various sizes are located throughout Cairns. The largest of these are
In 2010, the state government opened the second stage of William McCormack Place, an A$80 million office building credited as the first 6-star green star-rated building in the city.[81]
Media
The Cairns Post, published by Rupert Murdoch's News Corp. is the main daily newspaper published in the city. Widely available are also The Courier-Mail, a daily newspaper published in Brisbane, and the national broadsheet The Australian, which both are also published by News Corp.[citation needed]
Cairns is served by five television stations, three commercial television stations (WIN Television, Seven Queensland and Southern Cross 10) which are regional affiliates of the three Australian commercial television networks (10, Seven and Nine), and public broadcasters the ABC and SBS[82] services.
All three main commercial networks produce local news coverage – Seven Queensland and WIN Television both air 30-minute local news bulletins at 6pm each weeknight, produced from newsrooms in the city but broadcast from studios in Maroochydore and Wollongong respectively. Southern Cross 10 airs a regional Queensland news updates of 10 News First.[citation needed]
Cairns radio stations include a number of public, commercial and community broadcasters. The ABC broadcasts ABC Far North, ABC Radio National, ABC NewsRadio, ABC Classic FM and the Triple J youth network. Commercial radio stations include Star 102.7, 4CA 846 AM, Hot FM (now Hit Network), Sea FM (now Triple M) and 104.3 4TAB sports radio, while the community radio stations are 4CCR-FM (Cairns FM 89.1), 101.9 Coast FM, Vision Christian Radio, Orbit FM 88.0FM & 87.8FM and 4CIM 98.7FM (Bumma Bippera Media).[citation needed]
Industry and agriculture
The land around Cairns is still used for
The
Transport
Cairns is an important transport hub in the Far North Queensland region. Located at the base of Cape York Peninsula, it provides important transport links between the Peninsula and
Roads
The
A need for future upgrades to the Bruce Highway to motorway standards through the southern suburbs to Gordonvale has been identified in regional planning strategies to cope with increasing congestion from rapid population growth. This will result in overpasses at all major intersections from Woree to Gordonvale. The motorway will divert from Bentley Park to Gordonvale, bypassing Edmonton to reduce the effects of road noise on residential areas.[86]
The Kennedy Highway commences at Smithfield on the Barron River flood plain north of Cairns, and ascends the Macalister Range to the township of Kuranda. The highway then extends to the town of Mareeba on the Atherton Tableland, and continues to communities of Cape York Peninsula.
The
The controversial private road,
Bus
A public bus transit network exists within the city, with two transit hubs located within the
Cairns is served by long-distance coaches to Brisbane, and regional cities to the south. Coaches also operate west to Mount Isa via Townsville, and to Alice Springs and Darwin in the Northern Territory.
Taxis and transportation network companies
Cairns also has a major taxi company, Cairns Taxis, which services the Cairns region. Uber was introduced to the region in March 2017,[90] servicing the greater region.[91] Ola launched in February 2020.[92]
Rail
Cairns railway station is the terminus for Queensland's North Coast railway line, which follows the eastern seaboard from Brisbane. Services are operated by Queensland Rail (QR) and include the high-speed Diesel Tilt Train. Freight trains also operate along the route, with a QR Freight handling facility located at Portsmith.
Pacific National Queensland (a division of Pacific National, owned by Asciano Limited) operates a rail siding at Woree. It runs private trains on the rail network owned by the Queensland State Government and managed by QR's Network Division.
The Kuranda Scenic Railway operates from Cairns. The tourist railway ascends the Macalister Range and is not used for commuter services. It passes through the suburbs of Stratford, Freshwater (stopping at Freshwater Station) and Redlynch before reaching Kuranda.
Freight services to Forsayth were discontinued in the mid-1990s. These were mixed freight and passenger services that served the semi-remote towns west of the Great Dividing Range. There is now a weekly passenger-only service, The Savannahlander, that leaves Cairns on Wednesday mornings. The Savannahlander is run by a private company, Cairns Kuranda Steam Trains.
Cairns is served by a
Airport
The airport has a domestic terminal, an international terminal, and a general aviation area. The airport handles international flights, and flights to major Australian cities, tourist destinations, and regional destinations throughout North Queensland. It is an important base for general aviation serving the Cape York Peninsula and Gulf of Carpentaria communities. The Cairns airport is also a base for the Royal Flying Doctor Service.
Port
The Cairns Seaport, located on Trinity Inlet, is operated by the Cairns Port Authority.[95] It serves as an important port for tourist operators providing daily reef trips. These consist of large
Yearly cargo through the port totals 1.13 million tonnes. Almost 90% of the trade is bulk cargoes
The Trinity Wharf has recently been the subject of a major redevelopment to improve the area for tourist and cruise ship operations.[citation needed] The freight wharves are located to the south of Trinity Wharf further up Trinity Inlet.
Defence facilities
The Royal Australian Navy has a base in Cairns (HMAS Cairns).[97] The base has a complement of 1000 personnel,[98] and supports nine vessels, including:
- Three Armidale-class patrol boats of Ardent Division
- Two Cape-class patrol boats
Four ships of the
- Two Leeuwin-class hydrographic ships
- Two Paluma-class survey ships
Previously four of the six Balikpapan-class landing craft were based in Cairns before their decommissioning.[97]
Porton Barracks, in the outlying suburb of Edmonton, is home to the Australian Army's 51st Battalion, Far North Queensland Regiment. Delta Company from the Townsville-based 31st/42nd Battalion, Royal Queensland Regiment is also based here. Both units are components of the Australian Army Reserve.
Sister cities
- Lae, Papua New Guinea (Morobe Province) since 1984
- Minami, Japan (Tokushima Prefecture) since 1969
- Oyama, Japan (Tochigi Prefecture) since 15 June 2006
- Riga, Latvia since 1990
- Scottsdale, USA (Arizona) since 1987
- Sidney, Canada (British Columbia) since 1984
- Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China (Guangdong province) since 2005
A selection of memorabilia and artifacts relating to Cairns Sister Cities is displayed at Cairns City Library.[99]
Education
Cairns has numerous primary and secondary schools. Separate systems of
There are also four other independent schools – Peace Lutheran College, Trinity Anglican School, Freshwater Christian College and Redlynch State College.
There is also Hinterland Cairns Steiner School, which is independent.
The
Health
The Cairns Hospital is situated on the Cairns Esplanade and is the major hospital for the Cape York Peninsula area. The smaller Cairns Private Hospital is located nearby. A new building was completed in 2015 to provide up to 168 more beds.[104]
Cairns is a base for the
Sport and recreation
Soccer, Australian rules football, and rugby
Cairns is home to
. Notable .Cairns has a seven-team Australian rules football competition,
The Northern Pride Queensland Cup rugby league team played their first season in 2008, and act as a feeder team to the North Queensland Cowboys who play in the National Rugby League. Cairns is represented by 11 Senior clubs, most notably Brothers Cairns, Ivanhoes Knights, Cairns Kangaroos, Edmonton Storm and Southern Suburbs Cockatoos in the Cairns District Rugby League. Cairns also hosts growing bases for Rugby union.
Other sports
There is a baseball league at
In 1965 the City of Cairns Open, a professional golf tournament, was inaugurated. Significant golfers like Randall Vines and Vic Bennetts won the event. In the mid-1970s it evolved into an amateur event. In modern times, the week-long event encompasses four tournaments, including a mixed team event and separate men's and women's tournaments.[106]
Cairns is a major international destination for
Sporting facilities
Notable sporting grounds include Barlow Park, Parramatta Park, Cazalys Stadium, the Cairns Convention Centre, and the Cairns Hockey Centre. The Cairns Showground is used for sports, in addition to the Cairns Show and funfairs.[107]
Amenities
Established in 1978, the Cairns & District Chinese Association is an arts and heritage organisation seeking to preserve the Chinese culture and heritage of Cairns and North Queensland and enriching the contemporary cultural, social and economic diversity of the community. The society organises events such as the
Established in 1989, the Cairns and District Family History Society maintains a library of world-wide genealogy material at 271 Gatton Street, Westcourt. The society publishes new genealogical resources based on collecting and indexing family information relating to Far North Queensland.[109]
The Cairns Historical Society operates the Cairns Museum and Cairns Historical Society Resource Centre at the former Cairns School of Arts building on the corner of Lake and Shields Streets in Cairns City.[110]
The Cairns branch of the Queensland Country Women's Association meets at 264 Grafton Street, Cairns North.[111]
St Monica's Catholic Cathedral is at 183 Abbott Street. It is within the Cairns Cathedral Parish of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cairns.[16]
Indigenous languages and representation
The Yidiny language is a prominent language of the Cairns area.[112]
There are four
Notable people
- Gavin Allen, Queensland and Brisbane Broncos Rugby League player
- Aron Baynes, basketball player in the NBA
- Poppy Boltz, AFLW footballer[116]
- Jack Bowes, AFL footballer[117]
- Daniel Boyd, contemporary artist
- Leonard John Brass, botanist
- Mark 'Yank' Cantoni, rugby league player
- Kev Carmody, singer-songwriter, born in Cairns
- Che Cockatoo-Collins, AFL footballer
- Troy Clarke, AFL footballer
- Terence Cooper, film actor, artist
- Alex Davies, AFL footballer
- Courtenay Dempsey, AFL footballer, Essendon Football Club
- Charlie Dixon, AFL footballer, Port Adelaide Football Club
- Jacqui Dupuy, AFLW footballer and netballer[118]
- Mary Fowler, soccer player for Australia[119]
- Caleb Graham, AFL footballer
- Catriona Gray, Miss Universe winner
- Adelaide United
- creationistand religious activist
- Tracey Hannah, downhill mountain biker
- Gold Coast Football Club
- Xavier Herbert, writer[120]
- Jacob Heron, AFL footballer
- Justin Hodges, international Rugby League player
- Erin Holland, an Australian singer and Television Host
- Nathan Jawai, professional basketball player, first indigenous Australian to play in NBA
- Danilo Jovanovitch, poet
- Leah Kaslar, AFLW footballer
- Susan Kiefel, Chief Justice, High Court of Australia
- Richard Ash Kingsford, Mayor of Brisbane, first Mayor of Cairns
- Emma Louise, musician
- Rayleen Lynch, retired Australian basketball player
- Rhyse Martin, Rugby League player, Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs
- Grant McLennan, musician, The Go-Betweens
- Isabel Lucas, actress
- Steven Marshall, watch house officer and whistleblower
- Ryan McGoldrick, Rugby League player, Castleford Tigers
- Nate Myles, international Rugby League player
- Johnny Nicol, musician
- Danielle Oke, artist
- Grant Patterson, Paralympic swimmer
- Wilma Reading, singer[121]
- Adam Sarota, international football player
- Xavier Savage, Rugby League player
- Hamiso Tabuai-Fidow, Rugby League player
- Socceroo
- Brenton Thwaites, actor
- Rhys Wakefield, actor
- Naomi Wenitong, member of former pop and R&B duo Shakaya
Gallery
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View of the pier and Esplanade at dawn
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City centre
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Glass bottom boats and a Semi submarine at Green Island, Great Barrier Reef, outer Cairns
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Jack Barnes Bicentennial Mangrove Boardwalk
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A Great Barrier Reef ferry, Green Island, outer Cairns
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Kuranda scenic railway, Kuranda
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Mossman river and Gorge, Daintree National Park, outskirts of Cairns
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Moved termite mounds,Mareeba, Queensland, outskirts of Cairns
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Queensland rescue Helicopter, Green Island, Great Barrier Reef, outskirts of Cairns
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Marine stingers sign, Trinity beach, Cairns
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Hastings Reef
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City landscape
See also
Notes
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Cairns (UCL)". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 28 February 2023.
- ISBN 1-876429-14-3.
- ^ "Cairns". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary.
- ^ "Cairns – city (entry 5683)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
- ^ The Telegraph (Brisbane). No. 1, 246. Queensland, Australia. 9 October 1876. p. 3. Archivedfrom the original on 1 February 2021. Retrieved 5 September 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Key industries in Cairns". Choose Cairns. Archived from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
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External links
- Cairns City Council Website
- University of Queensland: Queensland Places: Cairns
- Cairns Local Information Website
- Watch historical footage of Cairns and Far North Queensland Archived 12 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine from the National Film and Sound Archive of Australia's collection.
- Cairns – Tourism Australia
- McKenzie, Jane; Coleman, Ros; Wixted, David (2011). "A Thematic History of the City of Cairns and its Regional Towns" (PDF). Cairns City Council. Archived(PDF) from the original on 24 April 2018.
- Freeman, Jennifer. The Collinson Index. State Library of Queensland [blog post, 2 September 2011]