Calcium phosphate
This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2019) |
Calcium Phosphate nanowires seen in SEM
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Identifiers | |
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EC Number |
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E number | E341 (antioxidants, ...) |
PubChem CID
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UNII | |
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Properties | |
Ca3(PO4)2 | |
Molar mass | 310.18 g/mol |
Appearance | White Solid |
Odor | Odorless |
Density | 3.14 g/cu cm[1] |
Melting point | 1,670 °C (3,040 °F; 1,940 K)[1] |
Practically insoluble with water | |
Solubility in Ethanol | Insoluble with ethanol (also acetic acid) |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
Warning | |
H315, H319, H335 | |
P101, P102, P103, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Flash point | Non-flammable |
Safety data sheet (SDS) | fishersci.com |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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The term calcium phosphate refers to a family of materials and
Orthophosphates, di- and monohydrogen phosphates
These materials contain Ca2+ combined with PO3−
4, HPO2−
4, or H
2PO−
4:
- Monocalcium phosphate, E341 (CAS# 7758-23-8 for anhydrous; CAS#10031-30-8 for monohydrate: Ca(H2PO4)2 and Ca(H2PO4)2(H2O)
- Dicalcium phosphate (dibasic calcium phosphate), E341(ii) (CAS# 7757-93-9): CaHPO4 (mineral: monetite), dihydrate CaHPO4(H2O)2 (mineral: brushite) and monohydrate CaHPO4(H2O)
- Tricalcium phosphate (tribasic calcium phosphate or tricalcic phosphate, sometimes referred to as calcium phosphate or calcium orthophosphate, whitlockite), E341(iii) (CAS#7758-87-4): Ca3(PO4)2
- Octacalcium phosphate (CAS# 13767-12-9): Ca8H2(PO4)6·5H2O
- Amorphous calcium phosphate, a glassy precipitate of variable composition that may be present in biological systems.
Di- and polyphosphates
These materials contain Ca2+ combined with the polyphosphates, such as P
2O4−
7 and triphosphate P
3O5−
10:
- Dicalcium diphosphate(CAS#7790-76-3]: Ca2P2O7
- Calcium triphosphate (CAS# 26158-70-3): Ca5(P3O10)2
Hydroxy- and oxo-phosphates
These materials contain other anions in addition to phosphate:[citation needed]
- Hydroxyapatite Ca5(PO4)3(OH)
- Apatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH,F,Cl,Br)2
- Tetracalcium phosphate (CAS#1306-01-0): Ca4(PO4)2O
Clinical significance
Calcium phosphate stones account for approximately 15% of kidney stone disease. Calcium phosphate stones tend to grow in alkaline urine, especially when Proteus bacteria are present. It is the most common type in pregnant women.[5]
Calcium phosphate is the usual constitution of microcalcifications of the breast, particularly dystrophic calcifications. Microcalcifications as can be seen on mammography can be an early sign of breast cancer. Based on morphology, it is possible to classify by radiography how likely microcalcifications are to indicate cancer. [6]
-
Urine crystals comparison, with calcium phosphate crystal depicted at top center.
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Histopathology of dystrophic calcium phosphate microcalcifications in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast, H&E stain.
References
- ^ a b "Calcium Phosphate".
- S2CID 94458523.
- ^ "What Substances Make Up Your Teeth? – Affordable Dental Care". www.towncaredental.com. 2015-07-15. Retrieved 2021-01-29.
- ISBN 978-1-4051-2460-7.
- PMID 22150656.
- PMID 19881103.