California Institute of Technology
Former names |
| |
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Motto | President Thomas F. Rosenbaum | |
Academic staff | 300 professorial faculty[4] | |
Students | 2,397 (2021–22) | |
Undergraduates | 987 (2021–22)[5] | |
Postgraduates | 1,410 (2021–22)[5] | |
Location | , California , United States 34°08′15″N 118°07′30″W / 34.13750°N 118.12500°W | |
Campus | Midsize city[6], 124 acres (0.50 km2) | |
Newspaper | The California Tech | |
Colors | Orange and white[7] | |
Nickname | Beavers | |
Sporting affiliations | NCAA Division III – SCIAC | |
Mascot | Bernoulli the Beaver[8] | |
Website | caltech.edu | |
The California Institute of Technology (branded as Caltech)
The institution was founded as a preparatory and vocational school by Amos G. Throop in 1891 and began attracting influential scientists such as George Ellery Hale, Arthur Amos Noyes, and Robert Andrews Millikan in the early 20th century. The vocational and preparatory schools were disbanded and spun off in 1910, and the college assumed its present name in 1920. In 1934, Caltech was elected to the Association of American Universities, and the antecedents of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, which Caltech continues to manage and operate, were established between 1936 and 1943 under Theodore von Kármán.[12][13]
Caltech has six academic divisions with strong emphasis on science and engineering, managing $332 million in sponsored research in 2011.
Scientists and engineers at or from the university have played an essential role in many modern scientific breakthroughs and innovations, including advances in
History
Throop College
Caltech started as a vocational school founded in present-day
At a time when scientific research in the United States was still in its infancy, George Ellery Hale, a solar astronomer from the University of Chicago, founded the Mount Wilson Observatory in 1904. He joined Throop's board of trustees in 1907, and soon began developing the university, and the whole of Pasadena, into a major scientific and cultural destination. He engineered the appointment of James A. B. Scherer, a literary scholar untutored in science but very capable in administration and fund-raising, to Throop's presidency in 1908. Scherer persuaded retired businessman and trustee Charles W. Gates to donate $25,000 in seed money to build Gates Laboratory, the first science building on campus.[23]
World Wars
In 1910, Throop moved to its current site. Arthur Fleming donated the land for the permanent campus site. Theodore Roosevelt delivered an address at Throop Institute on March 21, 1911, and he declared:
I want to see institutions like Throop turn out perhaps ninety-nine of every hundred students as men who are to do given pieces of industrial work better than any one else can do them; I want to see those men do the kind of work that is now being done on the Panama Canal and on the great irrigation projects in the interior of this country—and the one-hundredth man I want to see with the kind of cultural scientific training that will make him and his fellows the matrix out of which you can occasionally develop a man like your great astronomer, George Ellery Hale.[24][25]
In the same year, a bill was introduced in the
With the onset of
Throop College of Technology, in Pasadena California has recently afforded a striking illustration of one way in which the Research Council can secure co-operation and advance scientific investigation. This institution, with its able investigators and excellent research laboratories, could be of great service in any broad scheme of cooperation. President Scherer, hearing of the formation of the council, immediately offered to take part in its work, and with this object, he secured within three days an additional research endowment of one hundred thousand dollars.[27]
Through the National Research Council, Hale simultaneously lobbied for science to play a larger role in national affairs, and for Throop to play a national role in science. The new funds were designated for physics research, and ultimately led to the establishment of the Norman Bridge Laboratory, which attracted experimental physicist Robert Andrews Millikan from the University of Chicago in 1917.[28] During the course of the war, Hale, Noyes and Millikan worked together in Washington on the NRC. Subsequently, they continued their partnership in developing Caltech.[27]
Under the leadership of
Millikan served as "Chairman of the Executive Council" (effectively Caltech's president) from 1921 to 1945, and his influence was such that the institute was occasionally referred to as "Millikan's School." Millikan initiated a visiting-scholars program soon after joining Caltech. Notable scientists who accepted his invitation include
During World War II, Caltech was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the
Project Vista
From April to December 1951, Caltech was the host of a federal classified study, Project Vista. The selection of Caltech as host for the project was based on the university's expertise in rocketry and nuclear physics. In response to the war in Korea and the pressure from the Soviet Union, the project was Caltech's way of assisting the federal government in its effort to increase national security.[33] The project was created to study new ways of improving the relationship between tactical air support and ground troops. The Army, Air Force, and Navy sponsored the project; however, it was under contract with the Army. The study was named after the hotel, Vista del Arroyo Hotel, which housed the study. The study operated under a committee with the supervision of President Lee A. DuBridge. William A. Fowler, a professor at Caltech, was selected as research director. More than a fourth of Caltech's faculty and a group of outside scientists staffed the project.[34] Moreover, the number increases if one takes into account visiting scientists, military liaisons, secretarial, and security staff. In compensation for its participation, the university received about $750,000.[35]
Post-war growth
From the 1950s to 1980s, Caltech was the home of Murray Gell-Mann and Richard Feynman, whose work was central to the establishment of the Standard Model of particle physics. Feynman was also widely known outside the physics community as an exceptional teacher and a colorful, unconventional character.
During
Caltech opened its doors to female undergraduates during the presidency of Harold Brown in 1970, and they made up 14% of the entering class.[37] The portion of female undergraduates has been increasing since then.[4]
Protests by Caltech students are rare.
21st century
Since 2000, the Einstein Papers Project has been located at Caltech.[40] The project was established in 1986 to assemble, preserve, translate, and publish papers selected from the literary estate of Albert Einstein and from other collections.
In fall 2008, the freshman class was 42% female, a record for Caltech's undergraduate enrollment.[4] In the same year, the Institute concluded a six-year-long fund-raising campaign. The campaign raised more than $1.4 billion from about 16,000 donors. Nearly half of the funds went into the support of Caltech programs and projects.[41]
In 2010, Caltech, in partnership with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and headed by Professor Nathan Lewis, established a DOE Energy Innovation Hub aimed at developing revolutionary methods to generate fuels directly from sunlight. This hub, the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, will receive up to $122 million in federal funding over five years.[42]
Since 2012, Caltech began to offer classes through massive open online courses (MOOCs) under Coursera, from 2013, edX,[43] and bootcamps.[44]
Jean-Lou Chameau, the eighth president, announced on February 19, 2013, that he would be stepping down to accept the presidency at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology.[45] Thomas F. Rosenbaum was announced to be the ninth president of Caltech on October 24, 2013, and his term began on July 1, 2014.
In 2019, Caltech received a gift of $750 million for sustainability research from the Resnick family of The Wonderful Company.[46] The gift is the largest ever for environmental sustainability research and the second-largest private donation to a US academic institution (after Bloomberg's gift of $1.8 billion to Johns Hopkins University in 2018).[47]
On account of President Robert A. Millikan's affiliation with the Human Betterment Foundation, in January 2021, the Caltech Board of Trustees authorized the removal of Millikan's name (and the names of five other historical figures affiliated with the Foundation), from campus buildings.[48]
Campus
Caltech's 124-acre (50 ha) primary campus is located in
In 1917 Hale hired architect
During the 1960s, Caltech underwent considerable expansion, in part due to the philanthropy of alumnus
In 1971 a magnitude-6.6 earthquake in San Fernando caused some damage to the Caltech campus. Engineers who evaluated the damage found that two historic buildings dating from the early days of the Institute—Throop Hall and the Goodhue-designed Culbertson Auditorium—had cracked.
New additions to the campus include the Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics and the
Organization and administration
Caltech is incorporated as a non-profit corporation and is governed by a privately appointed 46-member board of trustees who serve five-year terms of office and retire at the age of 72.[22][54] The trustees elect a president to serve as the chief executive officer of the institute and administer the affairs on the institute on behalf of the board, a provost who serves as the chief academic officer of the institute below the president, and ten other vice presidential and other senior positions.[54] Thomas F. Rosenbaum became the ninth president of Caltech in 2014. Caltech's endowment is governed by a permanent trustee committee and administered by an investment office.
The institute is organized into six primary academic divisions: Biology and Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering and Applied Science, Geological and Planetary Sciences, Humanities and Social Sciences, Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy. The voting faculty of Caltech include all professors, instructors, research associates and fellows, and the University Librarian. Faculty are responsible for establishing admission requirements, academic standards, and curricula. The Faculty Board is the faculty's representative body and consists of 18 elected faculty representatives as well as other senior administration officials. Full-time professors are expected to teach classes, conduct research, advise students, and perform administrative work such as serving on committees.[55]
Founded in 1930s, the
Academics
Caltech is a small four-year, highly residential research university with slightly more students in graduate programs than undergraduate.[58] The institute has been accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges since 1949.[59][60] Caltech is on the quarter system:[61] the fall term starts in late September and ends before Christmas, the second term starts after New Year's Day and ends in mid-March, and the third term starts in late March or early April and ends in early June.[62]
Rankings
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Caltech is consistently ranked within the top ten universities in the world, and within the top four in the United States, by major global ranking systems. In 2021, Caltech ranked 6th globally based on aggregate world university rankings of THE, QS, and ARWU.[74] For 2022, U.S. News & World Report ranked Caltech as tied for 9th in the United States among national universities overall, 11th for most innovative, and 15th for best value.[75] U.S. News & World Report also ranked the graduate programs in chemistry and earth sciences first among national universities.[76]
Caltech was ranked 1st internationally between 2011 and 2016 by the Times Higher Education World University Rankings.[77] Caltech was ranked as the best university in the world in two categories: Engineering & Technology and Physical Sciences.[78][79] It was also found to have the highest faculty citation rate in the world.[80]
Admissions
Admissions statistics | |
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Admit rate | 2.7% ( −5.9) |
Yield rate | 50.0% ( +8.6) |
Admission to Caltech is extremely rigorous. Prior to going test blind, Caltech students had some of the highest test scores in the nation.[83] In 2022, Caltech was ranked by CBS News as the 3rd hardest college in America to gain acceptance to.[84] For the freshmen who enrolled in 2019 (Class of 2023) the middle 50% range of SAT were 740–780 for evidence-based reading and writing and 790–800 for math, and 1530–1570 total. The middle 50% range ACT Composite score was 35–36. The SAT Math Level 2 middle 50% range was 800–800. The middle 50% range for the SAT Physics Subject Test was 760–800; SAT Chemistry Subject Test was 760–800;
SAT Biology Subject Tests was 760–800.
For the Class of 2026 (enrolled Fall 2022), Caltech received 16,662 applications and accepted 448 applicants for a 2.7% admit rate; 224 enrolled. The class included 48% women and 52% men. For the Class of 2025, 32% were of underrepresented ancestry (which includes students who self-identify as American Indian/Alaska Native, Hispanic/Latino, Black/African American, and/or Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander), and 6% were foreign students.[85] For the Class of 2027 (enrolled Fall 2023), Caltech had over 270 commits[88] of 412 admits, at a yield rate of 66–67%.
Tuition and financial aid
Undergraduate tuition for the 2021–2022 school year was $56,394 and total annual costs were estimated to be $79,947 excluding the Caltech Student Health Insurance Plan.[89] In 2012–2013, Caltech awarded $17.1 million in need-based aid, $438k in non-need-based aid, and $2.51 million in self-help support to enrolled undergraduate students. The average financial aid package of all students eligible for aid was $38,756 and students graduated with an average debt of $15,090.[61]
Undergraduate program
The full-time, four-year undergraduate program emphasizes instruction in the arts and sciences and has high graduate coexistence.[58] Caltech offers 28 majors (called "options") and 12 minors across all six academic divisions.[90][91] Caltech also offers interdisciplinary programs in Applied Physics, Biochemistry, Bioengineering, Computation and Neural Systems, Control and Dynamical Systems, Environmental Science and Engineering, Geobiology and Astrobiology, Geochemistry, and Planetary Astronomy. The most popular options are Chemical Engineering, Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Physics.[92] The most popular majors of the class of 2023 were Computer Science, Mechanical Engineering, Physics, and Electrical Engineering.
Prior to the entering class of 2013, Caltech required students to take a core curriculum of five terms of mathematics, five terms of physics, two terms of chemistry, one term of biology, two terms of lab courses, one term of scientific communication, three terms of physical education, and 12 terms of humanities and social science. Since 2013, only three terms each of mathematics and physics have been required by the institute, with the remaining two terms each required by certain options.[93][94]
A typical class is worth 9 academic units and given the extensive core curriculum requirements in addition to individual options' degree requirements, students need to take an average of 40.5 units per term (more than four classes) to graduate in four years. 36 units is the minimum full-time load, 48 units is considered a heavy load, and registrations above 51 units require an overload petition.[95] Approximately 20 percent of students double-major.[96] This is achievable since the humanities and social sciences majors have been designed to be done in conjunction with a science major. Although choosing two options in the same division is discouraged, it is still possible.
First-year students are enrolled in first-term classes based upon results of placement exams in math, physics, chemistry, and writing and take all classes in their first two terms on a Pass/Fail basis.
According to a 2018[update] PayScale study, Caltech graduates earn a median early career salary of $83,400 and $143,100 mid-career, placing them in the top 5 among graduates of US colleges and universities.[98] The average net return on investment over a period of 20 years is $887,000, the tenth-highest among US colleges.[99]
Caltech offers Army and Air Force
Graduate program
The graduate instructional programs emphasize doctoral studies and are dominated by science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields.[58] The institute offers graduate degree programs for the Master of Science, Engineer's Degree, Doctor of Philosophy, BS/MS and MD/PhD, with the majority of students in the PhD program.[58] The most popular options are Chemistry, Physics, Biology, Electrical Engineering, and Chemical Engineering.[92]
Admission to Caltech's graduate study is highly competitive, with the faculty evaluating factors such as academic preparation, experience, research interests, and recommendations from teachers or mentors.[100] A key aspect of the admission process is the matching of faculty and an applicant's research interests. GRE tests (general and advanced subject) are no longer required, and in most programs, scores will not be considered for admission, though some departments offer the option to submit self-reported scores.[101]
Initially, most new graduate students are assigned a temporary advisor, allowing time to select a permanent advisor.[102] To aid in this, some graduate options include rotations in research labs, facilitating a better match with faculty research groups that align with the students' scientific interests. Up to three rotations in the first year are allowed in some options.
Caltech provides on-campus housing options for incoming graduate students. All new graduate students are guaranteed housing in their first year, with a variety of living experiences available to suit different needs.[103] Approximately half of Caltech's graduate student population resides in campus housing. The application period for new student housing opens on April 15, 2023, and closes on April 30, 2023. Post-first year, students participate in a housing lottery, with the results announced two months prior to the contract end date, aiding in planning for those who need to seek off-campus housing.[104]
The research facilities at Caltech are available to graduate students, but there are opportunities for students to work in facilities of other universities, research centers (such as NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory), and private industries.
Approximately 99 percent of doctoral students have full financial support. Financial support for graduate students comes in the form of fellowships, research assistantships, teaching assistantships or a combination of fellowship and assistantship support.[109]
Graduate students are bound by the same honor code as the undergraduates, allowing for take-home examinations.[110] The Graduate Honor Council oversees any violations of the code.
Research
Caltech is
The institute was awarded an all-time high funding of $357 million in 2009.[117] Active funding from the National Science Foundation Directorate of Mathematical and Physical Science (MPS) for Caltech stands at $343 million as of 2011[update], the highest for any educational institution in the nation, and higher than the total funds allocated to any state except California and New York.[118]
In 2005, Caltech had 739,000 square feet (68,700 m2) dedicated to research: 330,000 square feet (30,700 m2) to physical sciences, 163,000 square feet (15,100 m2) to engineering, and 160,000 square feet (14,900 m2) to biological sciences.[119]
In addition to managing JPL, Caltech also operates the
Caltech partnered with
Caltech operates several TCCON stations as part of an international collaborative effort of measuring greenhouse gases globally. One station is on campus.
Undergraduates at Caltech are also encouraged to participate in research. About 80% of the class of 2010 did research through the annual Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowships (SURF) program at least once during their stay, and many continued during the school year.[121] Students write and submit SURF proposals for research projects in collaboration with professors, and about 70 percent of applicants are awarded SURFs. The program is open to both Caltech and non-Caltech undergraduate students. It serves as preparation for graduate school and helps to explain why Caltech has the highest percentage of alumni who go on to receive a PhD of all the major universities.[122]
The licensing and transferring of technology to the commercial sector is managed by the Office of
Student life
House system
During the early 20th century, a Caltech committee visited several universities and decided to transform the undergraduate housing system from
On account of Albert B. Ruddock's affiliation with the Human Betterment Foundation, in January 2021, the Caltech Board of Trustees authorized the removal of Ruddock's name from campus buildings.[48] Ruddock House was renamed as the Grant D. Venerable House.
Athletics
Caltech has athletic teams in baseball, men's and women's basketball, cross country, men's and women's soccer, swimming and diving, men's and women's tennis, track and field, women's volleyball, and men's and women's water polo.[127] Caltech's mascot is the Beaver, a homage to nature's engineer.[128] Its teams are members of the NCAA Division III and compete in the Southern California Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SCIAC), which Caltech co-founded in 1915.[129]
On January 6, 2007, the Beavers' men's basketball team snapped a 207-game losing streak to Division III schools, beating Bard College 81–52. It was their first Division III victory since 1996.[130] Until their win over Occidental College on February 22, 2011[131] the team had not won a game in SCIAC play since 1985. Ryan Elmquist's free throw with 3.3 seconds in regulation gave the Beavers the victory.[132][133] The documentary film Quantum Hoops concerns the events of the Beavers' 2005–06 season.
On January 13, 2007, the Caltech women's basketball team snapped a 50-game losing streak, defeating the
In 2007, 2008, and 2009, the women's table tennis team (a club team) competed in nationals. The women's Ultimate club team, known as "Snatch," has also been very successful in recent years, ranking 44 of over 200 college teams in the Ultimate Player's Association.[136]
On February 2, 2013, the Caltech baseball team ended a 228-game losing streak, the team's first win in nearly 10 years.[137]
The track and field team's home venue is at the South Athletic Field in Tournament Park, the site of the first Rose Bowl Game.
The school also sponsored an intercollegiate football team from 1973 through 1977,[138][139] and played part of its home schedule at the Rose Bowl.
Performing and visual arts
The Caltech/
Student life traditions
Annual events
Every
On Ditch Day, the seniors ditch school, leaving behind elaborately designed tasks and traps at the doors of their rooms to prevent underclassmen from entering. Over the years this has evolved to the point where many seniors spend months designing mechanical, electrical, and software obstacles to confound the underclassmen. Each group of seniors designs a "stack" to be solved by a handful of underclassmen. The faculty have been drawn into the event as well, and cancel all classes on Ditch Day so the underclassmen can participate in what has become a highlight of the academic year.
Another long-standing tradition is the playing of Wagner's "
Pranks
Caltech students have been known for their many
The two most famous in recent history are the changing of the Hollywood Sign to read "Caltech," by judiciously covering up certain parts of the letters, and the changing of the scoreboard to read Caltech 38, MIT 9 during the 1984 Rose Bowl Game. But the most famous of all occurred during the 1961 Rose Bowl Game, where Caltech students altered the flip-cards that were raised by the stadium attendees to display "Caltech," and several other "unintended" messages. This event is now referred to as the Great Rose Bowl Hoax.
In recent years, pranking has been officially encouraged by Tom Mannion, Caltech's Assistant VP for Student Affairs and Campus Life. "The grand old days of pranking have gone away at Caltech, and that's what we are trying to bring back," reported the Boston Globe.[142]
In December 2011, Caltech students went to New York and pulled a prank in Manhattan's
Caltech pranks have been documented in three Legends of Caltech books, the most recent of which was edited by alumni Autumn Looijen '99 and Mason Porter '98 and published in May 2007.
Rivalry with MIT
In 2005, a group of Caltech students pulled a string of pranks during MIT's Campus Preview Weekend for admitted students. These include covering up the word Massachusetts in the "Massachusetts Institute of Technology" engraving on the main building façade with a banner so that it read "That Other Institute of Technology." A group of MIT hackers responded by altering the banner so that the inscription read "The Only Institute of Technology." Caltech students also passed out T-shirts to MIT's incoming freshman class that had MIT written on the front and .".. because not everyone can go to Caltech" along with an image of a palm tree on the back.
MIT retaliated in April 2006, when students posing as the Howe & Ser (Howitzer) Moving Company stole the 130-year-old, 1.7-ton Fleming House cannon and moved it over 3,000 miles to their campus in Cambridge, Massachusetts for their 2006 Campus Preview Weekend, repeating a similar prank performed by nearby Harvey Mudd College in 1986. Thirty members of Fleming House traveled to MIT and reclaimed their cannon on April 10, 2006.
On April 13, 2007 (Friday the 13th), a group of students from The California Tech, Caltech's campus newspaper, arrived and distributed fake copies of The Tech, MIT's campus newspaper, while prospective students were visiting for their Campus Preview Weekend. Articles included "MIT Invents the Interweb," "Architects Deem Campus 'Unfortunate'", and "Infinite Corridor Not Actually Infinite."
In December 2009, some Caltech students declared that MIT had been sold and had become the Caltech East campus. A "sold" banner was hung on front of the MIT dome building and a "Welcome to Caltech East: School of the Humanities" banner over the Massachusetts Avenue Entrance. Newspapers and T-shirts were distributed, and door labels and fliers in the infinite corridor were put up in accordance with the "curriculum change."[144][145]
In September 2010, MIT students attempted to put a
In April 2014, during MIT's Campus Preview Weekend, a group of Caltech students handed out mugs emblazoned with the MIT logo on the front and the words "The Institute of Technology" on the back. When heated, the mugs turn orange, display a palm tree, and read "Caltech The Hotter Institute of Technology." Identical mugs continue to be sold at the Caltech campus store.[149]
Honor code
Life in the Caltech community is governed by the honor code, which simply states: "No member of the Caltech community shall take unfair advantage of any other member of the Caltech community." This is enforced by a Board of Control, which consists of undergraduate students,[150] and by a similar body at the graduate level, called the Graduate Honor Council.[151]
The honor code aims at promoting an atmosphere of respect and trust that allows Caltech students to enjoy privileges that make for a more relaxed atmosphere. For example, the honor code allows professors to make the majority of exams as take-home, allowing students to take them on their own schedule and in their preferred environment.
Through the late 1990s, the only exception to the honor code, implemented earlier in the decade in response to changes in federal regulations, concerned the sexual harassment policy. Today, there are myriad exceptions to the honor code in the form of new Institute policies such as the fire policy and alcohol policy. Although both policies are presented in the Honor System Handbook given to new members of the Caltech community, some undergraduates regard them as a slight against the honor code and the implicit trust and respect it represents within the community.[152] In recent years, the Student Affairs Office has also taken up pursuing investigations independently of the Board of Control and Conduct Review Committee, an implicit violation of both the honor code and written disciplinary policy that has contributed to further erosion of trust between some parts of the undergraduate community and the administration.[153]
Notable people
As of October 2022, Caltech has 46
Students
Race and ethnicity[154] | Total | ||
---|---|---|---|
Asian | 35% | ||
White | 23% | ||
Hispanic | 22% | ||
Other[c] | 9% | ||
Foreign national | 8% | ||
Black | 3% | ||
Economic diversity | |||
Low-income[d] | 11% | ||
Affluent[e] | 89% |
Caltech enrolled 987 undergraduate students and 1,410 graduate students for the 2021–2022 school year. Women made up 45% of the undergraduate and 33% of the graduate student body.[5] The racial demographics of the school substantially differ from those of the nation as a whole.[155]
The four-year graduation rate is 79% and the six-year rate is 92%,
Alumni
There are 22,930 total living alumni in the U.S. and around the world.[159] As of October 2022, 30 alumni and 16 non-alumni faculty have won the Nobel Prize. The Turing Award, the "Nobel Prize of Computer Science," has been awarded to six alumni, and one has won the Fields Medal.[160]
Many alumni have participated in scientific research. Some have concentrated their studies on the very small universe of atoms and molecules.
Other alumni have turned their gaze to the universe.
Undergraduate alumni founded, or co-founded, companies such as
Caltech alumni also held public offices, with
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Nobel laureateDouglas D. Osheroff, BS 1967
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Nobel laureatesolid state transistor, father of Silicon Valley
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Nobel laureate Edwin McMillan, BS 1928, MS 1929
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Nobel laureate Vernon Smith, BS 1949
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Turing Award laureate Fernando J. Corbató, BS 1950
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Turing Award laureate Donald Knuth, PhD 1963, "father" of the analysis of algorithms, creator of TeX typesetting system
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Turing Award laureate John McCarthy, BS 1948, inventor of the Lisp programming language
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Astronaut C. Gordon Fullerton, BS 1957, MS 1958
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Astronaut and United States Senator Harrison Schmitt, BS 1957, the only geologist to have walked on the Moon
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Libyan Deputy Prime Minister & Libyan Prime Minister-ElectMustafa A.G. Abushagur, PhD 1984
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JPL, "Father" of Chinese rocketry
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Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation
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National Medal of Technology laureate Carver Mead, BS 1956, MS 1957, PhD 1960
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fractal geometry, namesake of the Mandelbrot set
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Frank Capra, BS Chemical Engineering 1918 (when Caltech was known as the "Throop Institute");[178] winner of six Academy Awards in directing and producing; producer and director of It's a Wonderful Life
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Nobel laureate Kip Thorne, BS 1962, known for his prolific contributions in gravitation physics and astrophysics and co-founding of LIGO
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France A. Córdova, PhD 1978, Astrophysicist and 14th Director of the National Science Foundation
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MacArthur Fellowsin 1981
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statistical physics, particularly finite lattice models
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Carolyn Porco, PhD 1983, planetary scientist who led the imaging team on the Cassini mission in orbit around Saturn
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Nobel laureatefluorescence microscopy and photoactivated localization microscopy
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Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency(DARPA)
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Ardem Patapoutian, PhD 1996, 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, known for his work in characterizing receptors that detect pressure, menthol, and temperature
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John Clauser, BS 1964, 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics, known for the Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt inequality in quantum physics
Faculty and staff
David Baltimore, the Robert A. Millikan Professor of Biology, and Alice Huang, Senior Faculty Associate in Biology, served as the presidents of AAAS from 2007 to 2008 and 2010 to 2011, respectively.[179]
33% of the faculty are members of the National Academy of Sciences or Engineering and/or fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. This is the highest percentage of any faculty in the country with the exception of the graduate institution Rockefeller University.[180]
The average salary for assistant professors at Caltech is $111,300, associate professors $121,300, and full professors $172,800.[181] Caltech faculty are active in applied physics, astronomy and astrophysics, biology, biochemistry, biological engineering, chemical engineering, computer science, geology, mechanical engineering, and physics.[182]
Presidents
- James Augustin Brown Scherer (1908–1920) (president of Throop College of Technology before the name change)
- Robert A. Millikan(1921–1945), experimental physicist, Nobel laureate in physics for 1923 (his official title was "Chairman of the Executive Council")
- Lee A. DuBridge(1946–1969), experimental physicist (first to officially hold the title of President)
- Harold Brown (1969–1977), physicist and public servant (left Caltech to serve as United States Secretary of Defense in the administration of Jimmy Carter)
- Robert F. Christy (1977–1978), astrophysicist (acting president)
- Marvin L. Goldberger (1978–1987), theoretical physicist (left to serve as Director of Institute for Advanced Study)
- Thomas E. Everhart(1987–1997), experimental physicist
- David Baltimore (1997–2006), molecular biologist, Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine for 1975
- Jean-Lou Chameau (2006–2013), civil engineer and educational administrator (left to serve as president of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)
- Thomas F. Rosenbaum (2014–), condensed matter physicist and administrator
Caltech startups
Over the years Caltech has actively promoted the commercialization of technologies developed within its walls. Through its Office of Technology Transfer & Corporate Partnerships, have emerged from Caltech.
In media and popular culture
Caltech has appeared in many works of popular culture, both as itself and in disguised form. On television, it played a prominent role and was the workplace of all four male lead characters and one female lead character in the sitcom The Big Bang Theory. Caltech is also the inspiration, and frequent film location, for the California Institute of Science in Numb3rs.[186] On film, the Pacific Tech of The War of the Worlds[187] and Real Genius[186] is based on Caltech. In nonfiction, two 2007 documentaries examine aspects of Caltech: Curious, its researchers,[188][189] and Quantum Hoops, its men's basketball team.
Caltech is also prominently featured in many comics and television series by
Given its Los Angeles-area location, the grounds of the Institute are often host to short scenes in movies and television. The
See also
Notes
- alma mater, but this is uncommon.[9]
- ^
- Howard, Caroline. "U.S. Dominates The World's Top Colleges, For Now". Forbes. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
- "California Institute of Technology | university, Pasadena, California, United States". Britannica. Retrieved March 23, 2023.
- Reed, Megan. "It's official — the world's top university is Caltech". USA TODAY. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
- CBS Los Angeles | California Institute of Technology | Look At This!, retrieved September 20, 2020
- "The world's top research university? It's Caltech – again". Los Angeles Times. September 30, 2015. Retrieved January 2, 2019.
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- ^ Other consists of Multiracial Americans & those who prefer to not say.
- Pell grantintended for low-income students.
- ^ The percentage of students who are a part of the American middle class at the bare minimum.
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