California least tern
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (April 2024) |
California least tern | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Charadriiformes |
Family: | Laridae |
Genus: | Sternula |
Species: | |
Subspecies: | S. a. browni
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Trinomial name | |
Sternula antillarum browni (Mearns, 1916)
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Synonyms[3] | |
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The California least tern (Sternula antillarum browni) is a subspecies of least tern that breeds primarily in bays of the Pacific Ocean within a very limited range of Southern California, in San Francisco Bay and in northern regions of Mexico. This migratory bird is a U.S. federally listed endangered subspecies. The total population of the subspecies amounted to 582 breeding pairs in 1974, when census work on this bird began. While numbers have gradually increased with its protected status, the species is still vulnerable to population decline through natural disasters, predation, and human disturbance.
Nesting and breeding behavior
Wintering locations are actually unknown, but suspected to include the
Feeding and roosting characteristics
The California least tern hunts primarily in shallow
Relation to other least terns
The California least tern is a subspecies of the
References
- ^ "California least tern (Sternula antillarum browni)". Environmental Conservation Online System. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
- ^ 35 FR 8491
- ^ "Sternula antillarum browni (Mearns, 1916)". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
Bibliography
- Audubon Handbook: Western Birds, McGraw Hill Book Company (1988) ISBN 0-07-019977-9
- P. Baird, "Foraging Study of California Least Terns in San Diego Bay and Near Ocean Waters," 2010. Unpubl. Comp. Rept. United States Navy.
- B. Massey, Breeding Biology of the California least tern, Proceedings Linn. Society, New York 72:1-24 (1974)
- California Wildlife, Volume II, California Department of Fish and Game, November 1988.
- Gary Deghi, C. Michael Hogan et al., Biological Assessment for the Proposed Tijuana/San Diego Joint International Wastewater Treatment Plant, Publication of the United States Environmental Protection Agency Region IX, Earth Metrics Incorporated, Burlingame, CA with Harvey and Stanley, Alviso, CA
- L. Collins and S. Bailey, California least tern nesting season at Alameda Naval Air Station, 1980 Admin. Rep. 25pp.
- Olsen and Larsson, Terns of Europe and North America ISBN 0-7136-4056-1