Callosciurus

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Callosciurus
Temporal range: Early Pleistocene to Recent
Prevost's squirrel (Callosciurus prevostii)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Family: Sciuridae
Tribe: Callosciurini
Genus: Callosciurus
J. E. Gray, 1867
Type species
Sciurus rafflesii

Species

Callosciurus is a

Tamiops
have sometimes been included in Callosciurus.

Species

There are approximately 15 species in this genus,[1] and over 60 subspecies. These squirrels range in length from 13 to 27 cm (5.1 to 10.6 in), not including the tail which is often about the same length as the body.[2][3] Most are rather dull olive-brown to gray and several have a pale and dark stripe on their side, however a few are very colorful.[2] The Pallas's squirrel may have an unremarkable olive-gray back, while its belly is often –but not always– bright red.[4] The "typical" subspecies of Prevost's squirrels have black backs, white sides, and red-brown undersides. The Finlayson's squirrel occurs in numerous varieties, three of which are overall red-brown, overall black, or pure white.[2]

Most squirrels in Callosciurus live in

tropical rain forests
, but some individuals live in parks and gardens in cities. In the trees, they build their nests out of plant material. They are solitary, and give birth to one to five young. Their food consists of nuts, fruits, and seeds, and also of insects and bird eggs.

Image Scientific name Common name Description Distribution
Callosciurus quinquestriatus Anderson's squirrel Made up of two subspecies, C. q. quinqestriatus and C. q. imarius.[5] This species is listed as "Near Threatened" by the IUCN due to habitat loss.[6] China and Myanmar
Callosciurus nigrovittatus Black-striped squirrel This taxon consists of four subspecies: C. n. nigrovittatus, C. n. bilimitatus, C. n. bocki, and C. n. klossi.[5] It is listed as "Near Threatened" by the IUCN.[7] Java, Sumatra, southern Thailand, the Malay Peninsula, and numerous small islands
Callosciurus orestes Borneo black-banded squirrel Listed as "Least Concern" by the IUCN.[8] Endemic to northern Borneo
Callosciurus adamsi Ear-spot squirrel Listed as "Vulnerable" by the IUCN.[1][9] northern Borneo
Callosciurus finlaysonii, misspelled C. finlaysoni Finlayson's squirrel, variable squirrel Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Callosciurus caniceps Grey-bellied squirrel consist of six subspecies found in forests, plantations and gardens Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand, southern Myanmar, southern China (Yunnan) and possibly western Laos.[10]
Callosciurus honkhoaiensis Hon Khoai squirrel First described in 2018, it is a
dwarf species related to the grey-bellied squirrel, from which it probably diverged during the Pliocene.[11]
 found only on Hon Khoai island off the southern tip of Vietnam
Callosciurus inornatus Inornate squirrel This squirrel was once considered a subspecies of
Callosciurus pygerythrus, and as a result several texts inaccurately cite C. pygerythrus as being found in these areas.[12] The reclassification was based on different fur characteristics, placing it closer in relation to C. caniceps.[12][13] It is listed as "Least Concern" by IUCN.[12]
 distributed across Laos, Vietnam, and the Chinese province of Yunnan.
Callosciurus pygerythrus Irrawaddy squirrel Made up of seven subspecies found throughout Bangladesh, China, India, Myanmar, and Nepal.[5][14]
Callosciurus baluensis Kinabalu squirrel Its tail and upperparts are grizzled blackish, the underparts are reddish-orange, and the flanks have a narrow
Least Concern" by the IUCN.[15]
 endemic to northeastern Borneo, specifically the wide area around Mount Kinabalu.[1]
Callosciurus albescens Kloss's squirrel population data is insufficient to assess its endangerment status according to the
IUCN.[1][16]
It is debated whether it is a subspecies of C. notatus, which would make Kloss's squirrel instead be named C. notatus albescens.		 endemic to northern Sumatra
Callosciurus melanogaster Mentawai squirrel It is further dived into three subspecies: C. m. melanogaster, C. m. mentawi, and C. m. atratus.[5] This small isolated population is listed as "Vulnerable" by the IUCN due to habitat loss.[17] native to the
Mentawai Islands
off the west coast of Sumatra
Callosciurus phayrei Phayre's squirrel listed as "Least Concern" by the IUCN.[1][18] found in China and southern Myanmar
Callosciurus notatus Plantain squirrel found in a wide range of habitats: forests, mangroves, parks, gardens, agricultural areas Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand
Callosciurus prevostii Prevost's squirrel, Asian tri-colored squirrel forest in the
Thai-Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo and nearby smaller islands, with an introduced population in northern Sulawesi
.
Callosciurus erythraeus Pallas's squirrel, red-bellied tree squirrel Greater China, India, and Southeast Asia.

References

  1. ^
    OCLC 62265494
    .
  2. ^
    ISBN 978-0-691-13551-9
  3. ^
    ISBN 967-99947-1-6
  4. ISBN 978-0-691-09984-2
  5. ^
    OCLC 26158608
    .
  6. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T3605A9977678.en
    . Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  7. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T3599A9967361.en
    . Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  8. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T3601A22253873.en
    . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  9. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T3591A22254804.en
    . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  10. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T3594A22254694.en
    . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  11. doi:10.1093/jmammal/gyy061
    .
  12. ^
    doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T3597A22254170.en
    . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  13. ^ Corbet and Hill, 1992
  14. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T3604A22253451.en
    . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  15. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T3593A22254589.en
    . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  16. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T3592A22254928.en
    . Retrieved 23 December 2023.
  17. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T3598A22254282.en
    . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  18. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T3602A22253805.en
    . Retrieved 12 November 2021.

External links

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