Calvary Church (Manhattan)
40°44′21″N 73°59′13″W / 40.739030°N 73.987000°W
Calvary Church is an
History
The Calvary Church parish was founded in 1832, and initially used a wooden-frame church on what was then Fourth Avenue – which has since become
The church complex also includes the nine-story Calvary House, east of the church on
The family of Theodore Roosevelt lived two blocks away from Calvary Church from 1854 to 1872 – Roosevelt was born in their house in 1858, and Calvary was the church the family belonged to.[2] Other congregants included members of the Astor and Vanderbilt families.[7]
The church enjoys a close historical association with the
Calvary has a strong connection to
In 1976, facing financial difficulty, Calvary parish merged with the nearby parishes of
Notable people
Notable clergymen, parishioners, and others associated with Calvary Church have included:
- Ellen Lewis Herndon in Calvary Church on October 25, 1859.[13]
- William Waldorf Astor, 1st Viscount Astor.
- Alva Belmont (1853–1933) – Alva Erskine Smith married William Kissam Vanderbilt at Calvary Church on April 20, 1875, in what was "reported as 'the grandest wedding witnessed in [New York City] for many years.'"[15] Their only daughter was Consuelo Vanderbilt. After the death of her second husband, Oliver Belmont, Alva Belmont became a major figure in the women's suffrage movement.
- The Children's Aid Society; he is commemorated in a window in Calvary's chapel.[16]
- Benjamin Brewster (1860–1941) – After serving as a vicar at Calvary (1887–1891), Brewster was consecrated Missionary Bishop of Western Colorado and Bishop of Maine.
- Arthur Cleveland Coxe (1818–1896) – Coxe, who became rector of Calvary in 1863, was consecrated as the second bishop of Western New York in 1865.
- Rebecca Salome Foster (1848–1902) – missionary/prison relief worker known as the "Tombs Angel" because she attended to criminals incarcerated at the New York Halls of Justice and House of Detention (otherwise known as "The Tombs"). At her February 1902 funeral "All of the court officers of the Courts of General Sessions the Criminal Branch of the Supreme Court and the Court of Special Sessions attended."[17][18]
- TitanicSurvivor. Calvary was the scene of both his marriage and his funeral.
- Protestant denominations for the singing of the doxology.
- Calvin Hampton (1938–1984) – Calvin Hampton, a leading American organist and sacred music composer, served as Calvary's organist and choirmaster from 1963 to 1983.[19]
- American Impressionistartist Childe Hassam. Works featuring the church include "Calvary Church in the Snow," painted in 1893.
- Francis Lister Hawks (1798–1866) – Rector from 1850 until 1862, Dr. Hawks was a scholar, the Historiographer of the Protestant Episcopal Church, and editor of Appletons' Cyclopædia of Biography (1856).[20]
- Philip Kearny (1815–1862) – Parishioner who was a major general in the United States Army, notable for his leadership in the Mexican–American War and American Civil War; killed in action in the Battle of Chantilly.[21]
- James Kent (1763–1847) – Jurist, legal scholar, chief justice of the New York Supreme Court, and Chancellor of New York who attended Calvary, lastly for his funeral in 1847.[22]
- General major general during the American Civil War who organized the Army of the Potomac, was married in Calvary Church on May 22, 1860.[23]
- James Renwick Jr. (1818–1895) – Architect of the present building.
- Elliott Bulloch Roosevelt and Anna Rebecca Hall, were married in Calvary Church on December 1, 1883.[24] Eleanor Roosevelt was baptized at Calvary Church in 1885 with her uncle, the future President of the United States Theodore Roosevelt, standing godfather.[25][26][27]
- Henry Yates Satterlee (1843–1908) – Satterlee was rector of Calvary from 1882 to 1896 before becoming first Episcopal Bishop of Washington.[28]
- Samuel Moor Shoemaker (1893–1963) – The Reverend Dr. Samuel Moor Shoemaker, Calvary's rector from 1925 to 1952, is remembered as a co-founder and spiritual leader of Alcoholics Anonymous.[29]
- Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright (1792–1854) – Dr. Wainwright was elected rector in 1850;[20] he was instrumental in the founding of New York University and was later a bishop.
- Goethe, who became her favorite writer.[30] Calvary was used as the setting for Mrs. Wharton’s 1920 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel, The Age of Innocence,[2] and Dr. Ashmore, a character in the novel, was modeled after the Rev. Edward Washburn (rector, 1865–81).[31]
See also
- Calvary-St George's Parish
- St. George's Episcopal Church (Manhattan)
- Church of the Holy Communion and Buildings, a deconsecrated church
- Grace Church (Manhattan)
References
- ISBN 978-0-470-28963-1., pp.84-85
- ^ a b c "History" on the Calvary-St. George's Parish website
- ^ ISBN 0-231-12543-7., pp.36-37
- ^ "St. Stephen's Church" (PDF). Designation List 406, LP-2259. Landmarks Preservation Commission. October 28, 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-28. Retrieved February 25, 2011.
- ISBN 0-917439-00-7.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-8129-3107-5., p.207
- ^ ISBN 978-1-60354-055-1. (Reprinted by Scholarly Press, 1976; often referred to as WPA Guide to New York City.), p.197
- Ecole Internationale de New Yorkwebsite
- ^ "To be made a Bishop" (PDF). New York Times. March 22, 1896. Retrieved February 25, 2011.
- ^ "Cathedral History: Centennial of Bethlehem Chapel Cornerstone". Washington National Cathedral. Archived from the original on 2011-07-17. Retrieved February 25, 2011.
- ^ in Alcoholics Anonymous Comes Of Age (1957), quoted in "History" on the Calvary-St. George's Parish website
- ^ "Official History" Archived 2011-01-18 at the Wayback Machine on the parish website
- ^ Howe, George Frederick (1957). Chester A. Arthur: A Quarter Century of Machine Politics. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co. p. 18.
- Shoemaker, Samuel Moor(1936). Calvary Church, Yesterday and Today: A Centennial History. New York, NY: Fleming H. Revell Company. p. 57.
- ISBN 978-0-00-712730-6.
- Shoemaker, Samuel Moor(1936). Calvary Church, Yesterday and Today: A Centennial History. New York, NY: Fleming H. Revell Company. p. 286.
- ^ Death of Mrs Foster the Tombs Angel, The Churchman, Volume 85, Churchman Company – 1902, page 285
- ^ James Renwick Jr's 1848 Calvary Episcopal Church – Daytonian in Manhattan
- ^ "Calvary Episcopal Church". American Guild of Organists, New York City Chapter. Retrieved February 25, 2011.
- ^ Shoemaker, Samuel Moor(1936). Calvary Church, Yesterday and Today: A Centennial History. New York, NY: Fleming H. Revell Company. p. 295.
- Shoemaker, Samuel Moor(1936). Calvary Church, Yesterday and Today: A Centennial History. New York, NY: Fleming H. Revell Company. pp. 34–35.
- ^ Hone, Philip (1889). The Diary of Philip Hone, 1828–1851. Vol. 2. New York, NY: Dodd, Mead and Company. pp. 331–333. Retrieved 11 March 2013.
- ISBN 0-306-80913-3.
- ^ "First Lady Biography: Eleanor Roosevelt". National First Ladies' Library. The National First Ladies' Library. Archived from the original on 29 April 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2015.
- ISBN 0-917439-00-7.
- ^ "Anna "Eleanor" Roosevelt". My Faith My Life:A Place for Episcopal Teens and Their Mentors. Archived from the original on 2011-02-11. Retrieved February 25, 2011.
- ^ Moss, Sylvia. "What do Eleanor Roosevelt, Edith Wharton, Architect James Renwick Jr. and Dante have in common?". Angels of New York. Sylvia Moss. Retrieved 9 September 2015.
- ^ "Dr. Satterlee is Chosen" (PDF). New York Times. December 7, 1895. Retrieved February 25, 2011.
- ^ Dick B. (2005). "Rev. Sam Shoemaker, an A.A. "Co-Founder" and Spiritual Source". Alcoholics Anonymous History. A.A. History. Archived from the original on September 30, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2011.
- ^ "Gramercy Park Historic District, Borough of Manhattan" (PDF). Number 3, LP-0251. Landmarks Preservation Commission. September 20, 1966. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 19, 2012. Retrieved February 25, 2011.
- ^ "Life and Times of Actress EJ Phillips: Churches". Retrieved February 25, 2011.