Camille d'Hostun, duc de Tallard
Camille d'Hostun | |
---|---|
Duke of Tallard | |
Full name | Camille d'Hostun de la Baume |
Born | 14 February 1652 Dauphiné, France |
Died | 20 March 1728 Paris, France | (aged 76)
Spouse(s) | Marie-Catherine de Grolée |
Military career | |
Allegiance | |
Rank | Marshal of France |
Wars | |
Awards |
Camille d'Hostun de la Baume, duc de Tallard (14 February 1652 – 20 March 1728) was a French
Military career
Tallard was granted a commission in the French army at the age of 15.
His friendship with
Tallard's military career reached its height during the
In 1704, Tallard was sent to reinforce Maximilian II Emanuel's and Marshal Marsin's Franco-Bavarian army on the Danube, which was under threat from the Duke of Marlborough's and Prince Eugene's allied army. Tallard set out on 1 July from Strasbourg, but although the six day siege of Villingen proved abortive, (abandoned on 22 July), the French Marshal was able to bring 34,000 men through the Black Forest, reaching Ulm on 5 August.[5]
Tallard was placed in overall command of the combined Franco-Bavarian army, but the subsequent Battle of Blenheim on 13 August 1704 resulted in complete destruction of his forces. Decisively beaten, he was captured and taken back to England and housed on parole in Chatsworth, Derbyshire[6] and Newdigate House Nottingham.[1] The writer Daniel Defoe reported that his small, but beautiful parterre, after the French fashion was one of the beauties of Nottingham.[7]
During his stay in Britain, he is credited with introducing celery to English cuisine.[8]
Later life
On his release in 1711 he returned to France.[9] Despite the calamity of Blenheim, Louis appeared to bear the Marshal no ill will.[1] Tallard was made a duke in 1712 and became a Peer of France in 1715. In King Louis XIV's testament, Tallard was appointed to the Council of Regency but the duc d'Orléans had the testament nullified. He was elected president of the Académie des Sciences in 1724 and, in 1726, he became a French minister of state. He died in 1728.
Family
He married Marie-Catherine de Grolée de Viriville-La Tivolière and had one son;
- Marie Joseph d'Hostun de La Baume-Tallard, Duke of Hostun, Duke of Tallart, (b.1683 - ?) he married Marie Isabelle de Rohan, daughter of Hercule Mériadec, Duke of Rohan-Rohan and Anne Geneviève de Lévis, daughter of Madame de Ventadour. The couple had no children; Marie Isabelle was the Governess to the children of Louis XVfrom 1735-1754.
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f Falkner: Blenheim 1704: Marlborough's Greatest Victory, p. 104
- ^ Churchill: Marlborough: His Life and Times, p. 426
- ^ Lynn: The Wars of Louis XIV, 1667–1714, p. 285
- ^ Also spelled Spire, Speyer, Spirbach or Speyerbach.
- ^ Chandler: Marlborough as Military Commander, p. 136
- ^ CHATSWORTH, from Rev. John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales (1870-1872) online at visionofbritain.org.uk (accessed 14 November 2007)
- ^ "A tour thro' the whole island of Great Britain: Letter 8, Part 1 (The Trent Valley)". Visionofbritain.org.uk. Retrieved 2012-03-16.
- ^ The French prisoner who taught us to eat celery
- ^ Tincey: Blenheim 1704: The Duke of Marlborough's Masterpiece, p. 88
References
- Chandler, David G. Marlborough as Military Commander. Spellmount Ltd, (2003). ISBN 1-86227-195-X
- ISBN 0-226-10633-0
- Falkner, James. Blenheim 1704: Marlborough's Greatest Victory. Pen & Sword Books Ltd, (2004). ISBN 1-84415-050-X
- ISBN 0-582-05629-2
- Tincey, John. Blenheim 1704:The Duke of Marlborough's Masterpiece. Osprey Publishing Ltd, (2004). ISBN 1-84176-771-9