Campidanese Sardinian

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Campidanese Sardinian
sardu campidanesu
campidanesu
Native to
Sardinians
Native speakers
500,000 (2007)[1]
Early forms
Language codes
ISO 639-1sc
ISO 639-2srd
ISO 639-3sro
Campidanese Sardinian
Glottologcamp1261 
Campidanese Sardinian
ELPCampidanese Sardinian
Linguasphere51-AAA-sd
Languages and dialects of Sardinia
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Campidanese Sardinian

Logudorese. Its ISO 639-3
code is sro.

Traditionally the name Campidanu (

Logudorese
.

Subvariants

There are seven main subdialects of Campidanese Sardinian, namely Western Campidanese,

Ogliastra's (ollastrinu), Cagliari's (casteddaju), and the varieties of Sulcis (meurreddinu). Casteddaju is the dialect spoken in the island's capital; however, it extends to most of the neighbouring towns and villages within a 15 km radius of Cagliari. In 2009, the provincial administration of Cagliari approved the spelling, phonetics, morphology, and vocabulary rules for Standard Campidanese Sardinian.[3]

Vocabulary

Campidanese Sardinian has some borrowed words from Aragonese, Catalan and Spanish. Since the early 20th century, there has been an increase in lexical borrowing from Italian as well; that is particularly evident with technological words for which there is no Campidanese equivalent. However, many words that are from Italian have been changed phonetically so that they sound Sardinian. Italian loan words that end in an o are often substituted with a u. The strong Campidanese accent also changes the sound of the word.

Characteristics

  1. Singular nouns descending from 3rd declension Latin nouns ending in "-i" (Campidanese pisci vs Logudorese pische)
  2. Plural definite article of "is" (Campidanese is terras vs Logudorese sas terras)
  3. Gerund in "-endi" (Campidanese èssendi vs Logudorese èssende)
  4. Conservation of the Latin phoneme <qu> and <gu> (/kʷ/ and /ɡʷ/) in words such as akua (water) and sànguni (blood).
  5. Palatalisation of Latin word-initial /k/ before /e/ and /i/ (Lat. centum > centu cf. Logudorese chentu). In medial positions, /k/ becomes /-ʒ-/ (Lat. decem > dexi cf. Logudorese deghe) or /-ʃʃ-/ (Lat. piscem > pisci)
  6. Transformation of /rj/ to /rɡ/, /nj/ to /nɡ/, /lj/ to /ll/, and /ti/, /te/ into /tz/
  7. Epenthetic /a/ before word-initial /r/ (Lat. rubeum > arrubiu)
  8. Metathesis (Logudorese Carbonia vs Campidanese Crabonia)
  9. Catalan influence (Words such as seu "cathedral" loaned from Catalan)

Campidanese Sardinian is intelligible to those from the central to southern part of Sardinia, where

Logudorese Sardinian is spoken,[4] but it is not to those from the extreme north of the island, where Corsican–Sardinian dialects
are spoken.

Italian speakers do not understand Campidanese, like any other dialect of the Sardinian language:[5] Sardinian is an autonomous linguistic group rather than an Italian dialect[6] as it is often noted because of its morphological, syntactic, and lexical differences from Italian.

Writing system

Campidanese is written using the Latin alphabet. Like Italian, Campidanese does not use ⟨w⟩ or ⟨y⟩. Campidanese also uses the digraphs ⟨gh⟩, representing /g/, ⟨ch⟩ representing /k/ before e and i vowels, ⟨tz⟩ representing /ts/ and ⟨x⟩, representing /ʒ/.

In phonetic syntax, final or intervocalic ⟨t⟩ is pronounced as a /

z̪/,[clarification needed
] (es. sa mesa, meaning "the table", is pronounced sa mez̪a). When there are consonants like s, t or nt at the end of the word, a helping vowel is usually added (es. sa domu, is domus(u), the house, the houses). If preceded by a consonant, an "i" is inserted before the normally-initial s (es: sa scala, is (i)scalas(a), the staircase, the staircases). The spelling rules were established by the Province of Cagliari with a deliberation on March 17, 2010.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Campidanese Sardinian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forke, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2020). "Campidanese Sardinian". Glottolog 4.3.
  3. OCLC 422688646
    .
  4. ^ Vanrell, Maria Del Mar; Ballone, Francesc; Schirru, Carlo; Prieto, Pilar, Sardinian Intonational Phonology: Logudorese and Campidanese Varieties (PDF)
  5. ^ Posner, Rebecca; Sala, Marius. "Sardinian Language". Encyclopedia Britannica.
  6. ^ De Mauro, Tullio (1979). L'Italia delle Italie. Florence: Nuova Guaraldi Editrice. p. 89.
  7. ^ "Leggi il contenuto". Provincia di Cagliari. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2015-10-22.

External links

Sardinian edition of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campidanese_Sardinian&oldid=1218803602"