Canon 1324
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excommunication.[1]
Cases to which the canon appliesThe diminution or replacement of the penalty must be applied if the offence was committed by:[1]
In the circumstances listed above A judge may diminish or replace a prescribed penalty also in view of other circumstances that reduce the gravity of the offence. Claimed applicationsExcommunication of Marcel LefebvreThe Ecône consecrations) in contravention of a direct order from Pope John Paul II, was due to a state of necessity, citing in his defense canons 1323 and 1324 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law.[2]
Abortion on a minor in BrazilIn March 2009, after an abortion on a nine-year-old girl raped by her stepfather and pregnant with twins had been performed to save her life, Archbishop excommunication for procuring a completed abortion, pointing out that canon 1324 states that automatic censures, such as that which applies for such abortions, do not affect those who act out of grave fear.[5]
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