Captivity (animal)
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Animals that are held by humans and prevented from escaping are said to be in captivity.. Animal captivity may be categorized according to the particular motives, objectives and conditions of the confinement.
History
Throughout history not only domestic animals as pets and livestock were kept in captivity and under human care, but also wild animals. Despite the fact that wild animals have been harbored by humans for thousands of years, this captivity has not always approximated present zoos. Some were failed domestication attempts. Also, in past times, primarily the wealthy, aristocrats and kings collected wild animals for various reasons. The affluent built the first zoos as personal collections to demonstrate their dominance. These private collections of animals were known as menageries. Contrary to domestication, the ferociousness and natural behaviour of the wild animals were preserved and exhibited. Today's zoos claim other reasons for keeping animals under human care: conservation, education and science.
Behavior of animals in captivity
Captive animals, especially those not domesticated, sometimes develop abnormal behaviours.
One type of abnormal behaviour is
A type of abnormal behavior shown in captive animals is self-injurious behavior (SIB). Self-injurious behavior indicates any activity that involves biting, scratching, hitting, hair plucking, or
The proximal causes of self-injurious behavior have been widely studied in captive
Studies suggest that many abnormal captive behaviors, including
See also
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Animal husbandry
Animal rights
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Wild animal keeping
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References
- ^ Definitions, 1911 CHAPTER 27 1 and 2 Geo 5; "...the expression “captive animal” means any animal (not being a domestic animal) of whatsoever kind or species, and whether a quadruped or not, including any bird, fish, or reptile, which is in captivity, or confinement, or which is maimed, pinioned, or subjected to any appliance or contrivance for the purpose of hindering or preventing the animals escape from captivity or confinement..."; Protection of Animals Act 1911; http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Geo5/1-2/27
- ^ "What Is Zoochosis and How Do Animals Get It?". IDA USA. Retrieved 2022-10-26.
- ^ "Environmental enrichment". www.ufaw.org.uk. Retrieved 2022-10-26.
- ^ PMID 17209750.
- ^ S2CID 29918666.
- S2CID 21576022.
- .
- ^ PMID 25635151.
- PMID 14510519.
External links
- Pet-Abuse.com
- World Association of Zoos and Aquaria
- New York Zoos and Aquarium
- WSPA international website
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