Catarrhini
Catarrhines Temporal range:
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Stump-tailed macaques | |
Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) at Walter Zoo, Gossau, St. Gallen, Switzerland | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Mammalia |
Order: | Primates |
Suborder: | Haplorhini |
Infraorder: | Simiiformes |
Parvorder: | Catarrhini É. Geoffroy, 1812[1][2] |
Superfamilies | |
Platyrrhini
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Synonyms | |
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The
The Catarrhini are the sister group to the New World monkeys, the
Some six million years before the ape - Cercopithecoidea bifurcation, the Platyrrhini emerged within "monkeys" by migration to South America from Afro-Arabia (the Old World), likely by ocean.Description
The technical distinction between the
Most catarrhine species show considerable sexual dimorphism and do not form a pair bond. Most, but not all, species live in social groups.[citation needed] Like the platyrrhines, the catarrhines are generally diurnal,[20] and have grasping hands and (with the exception of bipedal humans) grasping feet.
The apes – in both traditional and
Classification and evolution
According to Schrago & Russo, New World monkeys split from their Old World kin about 35 million years ago (Mya). They use the major catarrhine division between
According to Begun and Harrison, the Catarrhini split from their New World monkey kin about 44 - 40 Mya, with the first catarrhines appearing in Africa and Arabia, and not appearing in Eurasia (outside Arabia) until 18-17 Mya.[22]
Catarrhini lost the enzyme
The distinction between apes and
- Order Primates[1]
- Suborder Strepsirrhini: lemurs, lorises, etc.
- Suborder Haplorhini: tarsiers + monkeys, including apes
- Infraorder Tarsiiformes
- Family Tarsiidae: tarsiers
- Infraorder Simiiformes : simians (monkeys, including apes), or higher primates
- Parvorder Catarrhini
- Superfamily †Propliopithecoidea
- Family †Propliopithecidae (includes Aegyptopithecus)
- Superfamily †Pliopithecoidea
- Family †Dionysopithecidae
- Family †Pliopithecidae
- Superfamily †Dendropithecoidea
- Family †Dendropithecidae
- Superfamily †Saadanioidea
- Family †Saadaniidae
- Family †
- Superfamily Cercopithecoidea
- Family Cercopithecidae
- Superfamily Hominoidea: apes
- Family Hylobatidae: gibbons
- Family Hominidae: great apes (including humans)
- Family
- Superfamily †Propliopithecoidea
- Parvorder Platyrrhini: New World monkeys
- Parvorder Catarrhini
- Infraorder Tarsiiformes
Cladogram
Below is a cladogram with extinct species in which the crown Catharrhini, which emerged in the Propliopithecoidea.[26][27][28][29][30][31] Also, Saadanioidea is sister of the Cercopithecoidea rather than of the Crown Catarrhini here. It is indicated how many million years ago (Mya) the clades diverged into newer clades.
Crown Simians (37)
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The Platyrrhini may have emerged in e.g. the Oligopithecidae.[32] The Saadanioidea may be sister to the Propliopithecoidea s.s., and Micropithecus may be sister to the Taqah Propliopithecids.[33]
References
- ^ OCLC 62265494.
- ^ a b c d Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, M.É. (1812). "Tableau des Quadrumanes, ou des animaux composant le premier Ordre de la Classe des Mammifères". Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle. 19. Paris: 85–122. Archived from the original on 2019-03-27. Retrieved 2019-03-26.
- ^ a b c d Martin, W.C. Linnaeus (1841). A General Introduction to The Natural History Mamminferous Animals, With a Particular View of the Physical History of Man, and the More Closely Allied Genera of the Order Quadrumana, or Monkeys. London: Wright and Co. printers. pp. 339, 340, 361.
- ^ OCLC 500576914.
- ^ Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc comte de (1827). Oeuvres complètes de Buffon: avec les descriptions anatomiques de Daubenton, son collaborateur (in French). Verdière et Ladrange. p. 61. Archived from the original on 2023-11-29. Retrieved 2022-04-14.
- ^ ISSN 1422-6405.
- ^ "Thomas Geissmann's Gibbon Research Lab.: Die Gibbons (Hylobatidae): Eine Einführung". www.gibbons.de. Archived from the original on 2023-03-26. Retrieved 2019-03-15.
- ^ "Reconstruction of Ancient Chromosomes Offers Insight Into Mammalian Evolution". UC Davis. 2017-06-21. Archived from the original on 2023-05-26. Retrieved 2019-03-20.
- ISBN 9780231164122. Archivedfrom the original on 2023-11-29. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
- PMID 29976674.
- PMID 29976674.
- from the original on 2023-11-29. Retrieved 2022-01-02.
- from the original on 2022-03-07. Retrieved 2022-03-07.
- PMID 33979596.
- ^ Linné, Carl von; Salvius, Lars (1758). Caroli Linnaei...Systema naturae per regna tria naturae :secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. Holmiae: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii. Archived from the original on 2017-03-25. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
- S2CID 3268953.
- PMID 27765146.
- ISBN 9781118896877.
- S2CID 90910477.
- ^ a b "Catarrhini Infraorder". ChimpanZoo (The Jane Goodall Institute). Archived from the original on 15 October 2012. Retrieved January 1, 2010.
- PMID 12832653.
- ISBN 9781118332344.
- PMID 17194757.
- ^ "Did An Ancient Pathogen Reshape Our Cells?". YouTube. Public Broadcasting System. Archived from the original on 13 August 2022. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
- ^ "Monkeys and apes". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2021-12-12.
- from the original on 2023-11-29. Retrieved 2023-06-19.
- (PDF) from the original on 2021-02-18. Retrieved 2019-09-02.
- S2CID 54625375.
- PMID 30858323.
- (PDF) from the original on 2020-08-31. Retrieved 2020-09-08.
- from the original on 2023-11-29. Retrieved 2020-11-19.
- S2CID 91938226.
- PMID 35582793.
Further reading
- Sellers, Bill (2000-10-20). "Primate Evolution" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-08-21.
- Raaum, Ryan L.; Sterner, Kirstin N.; Noviello, Colleen M.; Stewart, Caro-Beth; Disotell, Todd R. (2005). "Catarrhine primate divergence dates estimated from complete mitochondrial genomes: Concordance with fossil and nuclear DNA evidence". Journal of Human Evolution. 48 (3): 237–257. PMID 15737392.
External links
- Data related to Catarrhini at Wikispecies