Cathedral of Syracuse

Coordinates: 37°03′35″N 15°17′36″E / 37.059617°N 15.293433°E / 37.059617; 15.293433
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the cathedral of the Italian Archdiocese of Siracusa. For other uses, see Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception (Syracuse, New York) and Saint Paul's Episcopal Cathedral (Syracuse, New York).
Cattedrale metropolitana della Natività di Maria Santissima
Catholic
RegionSicily
Location
CountryItaly
Cathedral of Syracuse is located in Sicily
Cathedral of Syracuse
Shown within Sicily
Cathedral of Syracuse is located in Italy
Cathedral of Syracuse
Cathedral of Syracuse (Italy)
Geographic coordinates37°03′35″N 15°17′36″E / 37.059617°N 15.293433°E / 37.059617; 15.293433
Architecture
TypeCathedral
StyleSicilian Baroque
Part ofSyracuse and the Rocky Necropolis of Pantalica
CriteriaCultural: (ii)(iii)(iv)(vi)
Reference1200-003
Inscription2005 (29th Session)
carved Acanthus leaves in the baroque façade

The Cathedral of Syracuse (Duomo di Siracusa), formally the Cattedrale metropolitana della Natività di Maria Santissima (Metropolitan Cathedral of the Most Holy Nativity of Mary), is an ancient Catholic church in Syracuse, Sicily, the seat of the Catholic Archdiocese of Siracusa. Its structure is originally a Greek doric temple, and for this reason it is included in a UNESCO World Heritage Site designated in 2005.[1]

The cathedral stands in the city's historic core on Ortygia Island.

History

The origins of a temple on this site date to prehistory. The great Greek

Verres.[2]

Archeological site excavations by Paolo Orsi in 1907-1910 show the Greek temple to have been built on even older foundations, and uncovered a wealth of archaic and pre-Hellenic artefacts. Many are held by the Museo archeologico regionale Paolo Orsi in Syracuse.

The present cathedral was constructed by Saint Bishop Zosimo of Syracuse in the 7th century. The battered Doric columns of the original temple were incorporated in the walls of the current church. They can be seen inside and out.[3] The building was converted into a mosque in 878, then converted back when Norman Roger I of Sicily retook the city in 1085.[4] The roof of the nave is of Norman origin, as well as the mosaics in the apses.

As part of the increased building activity after the

Corinthian columns on the facade provide a classic example of carved Acanthus leaves in the capitals. Sculptor Ignazio Marabitti
contributed the full-length statues on the facade.

The interior of the church, a nave and two aisles, combine rustic walls and Baroque details. Features include a font with marble basin dating from the 12th or 13th century, a ciborium (an altar canopy) designed by architect Luigi Vanvitelli, and a statue of the Madonna della Neve ("Madonna of the Snow", 1512) by Antonello Gagini.

St. Lucy

As of 2015 the cathedral holds a number of relics of

St. Lucy, the patroness of the city: a number of bone fragments, a robe, a veil, and a pair of shoes.[5] Twice a year on the first Sunday in May and on December 13, her feast day
, a statue of Saint Lucy by sculptor Pietro Rizzo (1599) is brought out of the cathedral and paraded through the streets. The silver statue incorporates three fragments of her ribs within its chest.

The cathedral shares the Piazza Duomo with the Church of Santa Lucia alla Badia, a short walk to the south. That church used to display the Caravaggio painting Burial of St. Lucy, now housed in the church of Santa Lucia al Sepolcro in Syracuse.

World Heritage Site

The cathedral stands as a major element of the historic core of Syracuse. Since 2005, the entire city of Syracuse, along with the

natural importance to the common heritage of humanity
.

The deciding committee which evaluates potential candidates described their reasons for choosing Syracuse because "monuments and archeological sites situated in Syracuse are the finest example of outstanding architectural creation spanning several cultural aspects; Greek, Roman and Baroque", following on that Ancient Syracuse was "directly linked to events, ideas and literary works of outstanding universal significance".[6]

Gallery

  • ancient columns of the Temple of Athena, incorporated into the cathedral
    ancient columns of the Temple of Athena, incorporated into the cathedral
  • model reconstruction of the temple's Doric facade
    model reconstruction of the temple's Doric facade
  • Watercolor by French travel writer Jean-Pierre Houël circa 1776
    Watercolor by French travel writer Jean-Pierre Houël circa 1776
  • Facade and flank
    Facade and flank
  • Interior, pulpit
    Interior, pulpit
  • Marabitti, statue of the Virgin
    Marabitti, statue of the Virgin
  • Saint Paul on the facade of the Cathedral of Syracuse.
    Saint Paul on the facade of the Cathedral of Syracuse.
  • Stained glass window of the St Lucia chapel, Cathedral of Syracuse
    Stained glass window of the St Lucia chapel, Cathedral of Syracuse

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Duomo (Syracuse).
  1. ^ UNESCO World Heritage Centre. "Syracuse and the Rocky Necropolis of Pantalica". whc.unesco.org. Retrieved 2017-09-08.
  2. ^ Linder, Douglas. "Second Pleading (fourth oration) of Cicero in Gaius Verres Trial". law2.umkc.edu. Retrieved 2017-09-08.
  3. ^ The Oxford Companion to Archaeology, by Brian M. Fagan, 1996, page 646
  4. ^ Salerno, Vincenzo. "Siracusa Cathedral", Best of Sicily Magazine, 2012
  5. ^ Saints In Rome and Beyond, by Daniel Thelen, pages 129-130
  6. ^ "Syracuse and the Rocky Necropolis of Pantalica". UNESCO. 8 January 2008.
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