Catherine of Cleves
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Catherine of Cleves (or of Nevers),
Biography
Catherine was the second daughter of
At the age of twelve, Catherine married the 19-year-old
Henry of Guise was the leader of the fervently Catholic faction in the
Catherine never forgave
Catherine's reconciliation with her cousin, Henry IV of France, was not effected until his conversion to Catholicism. She immediately moved to Paris and obtained a very honorable position in the retinue of his wife, Marie de' Medici. In 1613, Catherine interceded for her son, François Alexandre, who had killed the Baron of Luz in a duel, asking for his banishment instead of execution for murder.[3]
The Guises continued to support the queen throughout the regency, and Catherine followed Marie into exile in Blois after Louis XIII assumed the reins of government in 1619. After returning to the Louvre, the Dowager Duchess - anxious to promote the interests of the House of Guise - resumed plotting against Cardinal Richelieu.
The death of her youngest daughter, the princesse de Conti (who had been implicated in the Day of the Dupes conspiracy), proved a blow to her spirits. She retired to her château d'Eu, where she died aged 85. She was buried at the château next to her husband's ornate tomb.
Issue
On October 4, 1560, at the age of twelve, Catherine married the Prince of Porcien, Antoine de Croy, who died in 1567. They had four children, all of whom died in early childhood:
- Louise Marie (November 8, 1561 – December 1562).
- Jean (born and died in January 1564).
- Catherine (5 December 1564 – December 1566).
- Jeanne (May 1566 – August 1566).
Catherine remarried on October 4, 1570 in Paris to Henry I, Duke of Guise, by whom she had fourteen children, half of whom died in childhood:
- Charles, Duke of Guise (1571–1640)
- Henri (June 30, 1572, Paris – August 13, 1574), died in childhood
- Catherine (November 3, 1573), died at birth
- Archbishop of Reims[4]
- Charles (January 1, 1576, Paris), died at birth
- Marie (June 1, 1577 – 1582), died in childhood
- Hercule de Rohan, duc de Montbazon
- Catherine (b. May 29, 1579), died in childhood
- Christine (January 21, 1580), died at birth
- François (May 14, 1581 – September 29, 1582), died in childhood
- Renée (1585 – June 13, 1626, Reims), Abbess of St. Pierre
- Jeanne (July 31, 1586 – October 8, 1638, Jouarre), Abbess of Jouarre
- François, Prince of Conti
- François Alexandre (February 7, 1589 – June 1, 1614, Order of Malta
Ancestry
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Notes
References
- ^ a b c Boltanski 2006, p. 501.
- ^ a b Soen 2016, p. 101.
- ^ a b McIlvenna 2016, p. 180.
- ^ Bergin 1996, p. 661-662.
Sources
- Bergin, Joseph (1996). The Making of the French Episcopate, 1589-1661. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300067514.
- Boltanski, Ariane (2006). Les ducs de Nevers et l'État royal: genèse d'un compromis (ca 1550 - ca 1600) (in French). Librairie Droz.
- McIlvenna, Una (2016). Scandal and Reputation at the Court of Catherine de Medici. Routledge.
- Soen, Violet (2016). "The Chièvres Legacy, the Croÿ Family and Litigation in Paris. Dynastic Identities between the Low Countries and France (1519-1559)". In Geevers, Liesbeth; Marini, Mirella (eds.). Dynastic Identity in Early Modern Europe: Rulers, Aristocrats and the Formation of Identities. Routledge.101