Catholic Church in Norway

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Catholic Church in Norway
Saint Paul Catholic Church, Bergen
ClassificationCatholic Church
OrientationLatin
RegionNorway
Origin934 AD
Part of a series on the
Catholic Church by country
Distribution of Catholics around the world
Africa
Asia
Middle East
Europe
North America
Oceania
South America
Catholicism portal

The Catholic Church in Norway (Norwegian: Den katolske kirke i Norge) is part of the worldwide Catholic Church. As of May 2014, there were over 151,000 registered Catholics in Norway.[1] It is claimed there are many Catholics who are not registered with their personal identification number and who are not reported by the local church; the full number may be as high as 230,000, 70% of whom were born abroad.[2][3] That constitutes about 5% of the population, making Norway the most Catholic country in Nordic Europe.

However, in early 2015, the Bishop of Oslo was charged with fraud for reporting to the government as many as 65,000 names of people claimed as members of the church who had not actually signed up. As the government gives a subsidy to religious organizations according to the number of members, the diocese was ordered to repay the government.[4] The government reports for January 2015 that there were 95,655 registered Catholics, down from the 140,109 reported for January 2014.[5]

Structure

The Catholic Church is the second largest religious community in Norway by number of registered members. The country is divided into three Church districts – the

Scandinavian Bishops Conference. The country is further divided into 38 parishes and three chapel districts.[7]

Four religious orders have returned to Norway: the

Trondheimsfjord, moved to the site and built a new cloister, workplace, guesthouse and chapel, calling the new monastery Tautra Mariakloster.[9] In addition to these four, 17 other orders are also working in the country,[10] for instance the Sisters of St. Francis Xavier (Franciskussøstre), which is a unique order as it was founded in Norway in 1901.[11] The Benedictines, who had a monastery on the island of Selja in the Medieval ages, were asked to return to Norway.[12]

There are few Catholic welfare institutions in Norway today. There are no Catholic hospitals or orphanages, but the Catholic Church operates primary and secondary schools in Oslo,

Franciscans, remains active;[15] Caritas Europa has an office in Oslo.[16]

Origin

The Catholic Church in Norway is almost as old as the kingdom itself, dating from approximately A.D. 900,

Haakon I from 934. The country is considered to have officially converted upon the death of the king St. Olav at the Battle of Stiklestad in 1030.[18]
The subsequent Christianisation took several hundred years.

Largely the work of

Archdiocese of Nidaros (Trondheim).[17]

Reformation to 1843

See also: Anti-Catholicism in Norway

The

Diocese of Reykjavik in 1923). The Bishop of Hamar from 1513 to 1537, Mogens Lauritssøn, was imprisoned until his death in 1542.[19][20]

Many traditions from the Catholic Middle Ages continued for centuries more. In the late 18th century and into the 19th century, a strict and puritan interpretation of the Lutheran faith, inspired by the preacher

papal nuncio in Cologne, however, with threatening punishment Catholic pastoring could not materialise. In the late 16th century, a few incidents of crypto-Catholicism occurred within the Lutheran Church of Norway. However, these were isolated incidents.[citation needed
]

The

nuncio to Poland (Finland, Mecklenburg, and Sweden).[citation needed
]

In 1688, Norway became part of the

Reformation.[citation needed
]

Since legalisation in 1843

The first parish after the Reformation was established in the capital in 1843; a few years later Catholic places of worship were opened in

Apostolic Vicariate of Norway, with an altered name as the Apostolic Vicariate of Norway and Spitsbergen between 1 June 1913 and 15 December 1925. In 1897, the constitutional ban on religious orders
was lifted, which in time led to the establishment of several communities and monasteries.

On 10 April 1931, the Apostolic Vicariate of Norway was divided into three separate Catholic jurisdictions:

Sigrid Undset

In November 1924 the well-known Norwegian writer

monasteries, both at home and abroad. In Norway, Undset's conversion to Catholicism was not only considered sensational; it was scandalous. At the time, there were very few practicing Catholics in Norway, which was an almost exclusively Lutheran country. Anti-Catholicism was widespread not only among the Lutheran clergy, but through large sections of the population. Likewise, there was just as much anti-Catholic scorn among the Norwegian intelligentsia,[citation needed] many of whom were adherents of socialism and communism.[citation needed
] The attacks against her faith and character were quite vicious at times, with the result that Undset's literary gifts were aroused in response. For many years, she participated in the public debate, going out of her way to defend the Catholic Church. In response, she was swiftly dubbed "The Mistress of Bjerkebæk" and "The Catholic Lady".

Catholic immigrants

The Catholic Church remained very much a minority church of a few thousand people up to the decades following World War II. However, with increased immigration from the 1960s onwards, the Catholic Church grew quickly: from 6,000 in 1966 to 40,000 in 1996 and to over 200,000 in 2013.[24]

At first, the immigrants came from Germany, the Netherlands, and France. Immigration from Chile, the Philippines, and from a wide range of other countries began in the 1970s. Among the largest groups are Vietnamese and Tamils. This development has further increased after 2008 with a high number of economic migrants from Poland and Lithuania.[25] Poles, who number an estimated 120,000 as of 2006,[26] are currently the largest group of Catholics in Norway. As of 2015, besides members of the Latin Church, there were Chaldean Catholics with their own priest.[27]

Members

Year Members[28] Percent
1971 9,366 0.24%
1980 13,923 0.34%
1990 26,580 0.62%
2000 42,598 0.98%
2010 66,972 1.37%
2011 83,018 1.68%
2012 102,286 2.04%
2018 157,220
Municipality Catholics (2003)[29] Percent Catholics (2004)[29] Percent Catholics (2013)[30] Percent
Oslo 14,908 2.8% 13,300 2.5% 34,000 5.4%
Bergen 3,873 1.6% 4,044 1.7% 13,000 4,8%
Bærum 1,816 1.7% 1,666 1.6% ___
Stavanger 1,720 1.5% 1,568 1.3% 10,000 [31] 7.7%
Trondheim 1,434 0.9% 1,416 0.9% 5,000 [32] 2.7%
Kristiansand 1,251 1.6% 1,150 1.5% ___

Membership inflation fraud conviction

In 2015, it was discovered that the

Ministry of Culture then demanded that the diocese return the funds that they had been wrongfully paid. The case ended in court, and both the district court on 20 November 2017 and the Court of Appeal on 13 March 2019 upheld the State's decision that the money, almost 40.6 million Norwegian kroner, should be repaid by the Catholic Church in Norway. Additionally, a 2 million kroner fine for gross fraud and just over 300,000 kroner for the state's legal costs for the appeal trial had to be paid by the Diocese of Oslo.[34]

List of Catholic parishes in Norway

Churches

See also

References

  1. ^ Tande, Claes (2 June 2014). "Hvor bor katolikkene?" [Where are Catholics?] (in Norwegian). Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  2. ^ Hatlem, Bjørn Arild (14 December 2010). "Kolossal katolsk kyrkjevekst" [Colossal Catholic Church Growth]. Dagen. Archived from the original on 19 December 2013. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  3. ^ "Trolig 200.000 katolikker i Norge" [Probably 200,000 Catholics in Norway]. Vårt Land. 31 July 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  4. ^ Gaffey, Conor (2 July 2015). "Catholic Church accused of defrauding Norway of €5.7m". Newsweek. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
  5. ^ "Members of Christian communities outside the Church of Norway. Per 1 January". Statistics Norway. Government of Norway. 25 November 2015. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  6. ^ "Organization". Catholic Church in Norway. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  7. ^ "Catholic Parishes in Norway". Catholic Church in Norway.
  8. ^ "Welcome". Munkeby Herberge. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  9. America
    . 202 (6): 4. 1 March 2010. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  10. ^ "Ordenssamfunn i Norge" [Religious Communities in Norway] (in Norwegian). Diocese of Oslo. 8 May 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  11. Store norske leksikon
    . Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  12. ^ Myren, Torill (19 September 2012). "Nytt kloster på Selja" [New Monastery at Selja]. Sunnmørsposten (in Norwegian). Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  13. ^ "Map of all Catholic churches, monasteries, places of mass, offices and residences in Norway". Catholic Church in Norway. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  14. ^ Nordli, Øyvind; Holm, Per Annar; Stoltenberg, Kristin (16 December 2014). "Én omkommet i brann i Oslo" [One killed in fire in Oslo]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). Oslo. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  15. ^ "Om Fransiskushjelpen" [About Fransiskushjelpen]. Fransiskushjelpen. Retrieved 2015-08-24.
  16. ^ "About Caritas Norway". Caritas Norway. Archived from the original on 24 December 2013. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  17. ^ a b Katolsk website, The history of the Catholic Church in Norway
  18. ^ Unofficial Royalty website, Nidaros Cathedral page
  19. ^ Bang, Anton Christian (1912). Den Norske kirkes historie [The History of the Norwegian Church]. Copenhagen: Gyldendalske Boghandel Nordisk Forlag. p. 322.
  20. ^ Willson, Thomas Benjamin (1903). History of the Church and State in Norway: from the Tenth to the Sixteenth Century. Westminster: Archibald Constable & Co. Ltd. p. 347.
  21. ^ "katolsk.no". Den katolske kirke. 31 March 2006. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
  22. ^ Edinburgh University Press, Rebuilding the archdiocese of Nidaros: Etienne Djunkowsky and the North Pole Mission, c. 1855–1870 by Andrew G. Newby
  23. ^ "Sigrid Undset: Catholic Viking"
  24. ^ Bentz, Jan (26 February 2013). "The Church in Norway: Explosive Growth, Long Distances". Zenit News Agency.
  25. ^ Slettholm, Andreas (3 December 2012). "Nå er det flere katolikker enn muslimer i Norge" [There are now more Catholics than Muslims in Norway]. Aftenposten. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  26. ^ Moe, Ingeborg (3 September 2006). "120.000 polakker i Norge" [120,000 Poles in Norway]. Afterposten (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 20 October 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  27. ^ "The Chaldaic group in Norway gets it own priest". 8 September 2015.
  28. ^ "Religious communities and other philosophical communities". Statistics Norway. 18 November 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  29. ^ a b "Kommuner med minst 50 katolikker pr. 31.12.2004" [Municipalities with more than 50 Catholics on 31 December 2004] (in Norwegian). Diocese of Oslo. 24 November 2005. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  30. ^ Tessem, Liv Berti (29 March 2013). "Høytid for sorg, håp og glede" [Holy Days for Sorrow, Hope and Joy]. Afterposten (in Norwegian). Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  31. ^ "St. Svithun runder 10.000 medlemmer" [St. Swithin Rounds 10,000 members]. Nyheter St. Svithun Menighet. Archived from the original on 25 September 2013. Retrieved 17 January 2014.
  32. ^ Landrø, Juliet (16 August 2012). "Må rive Blekens hovedverk" [Raze Bleken's Masterpiece]. NRK News. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  33. ^ Anette Holth Hanse (25 January 2016). "Kraftig kutt i støtte til katolikker". NRK (in Norwegian). Retrieved 28 June 2019.
  34. ^ Kaja Staude Mikalsen (14 March 2019). "Oslo katolske bispedømme tapte ankesaken mot staten". NRK (in Norwegian). Retrieved 27 July 2020.

Sources

  • Official website of the Catholic Church of Norway, katolsk.no; accessed 21 September 2016. (in Norwegian)
  • Kjelstrup, Karl (1943). Norvegia catholica: moderkirkens gjenreisning i Norge: et tilbakeblikk i anledning av 100-årsminnet for opprettelsen av St. Olavs menighet i Oslo, 1843–1943 (in Norwegian). Oslo: Oslo apostolic vicariate. p. 418.
  • Brodersen, Øistein Grieve (1943). Norge-Rom, 1153-1953: Jubileumsskrift, 800 år siden opprettelsen av Den norske kirkeprovins (in Norwegian). Trondheim. p. 49.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Catholic_Church_in_Norway&oldid=1190410613"