Censo General de Población y Vivienda
The Censo de Población y Vivienda (Population and Housing Census) is the main national population
As of 2021, there have been a total of 14 national population censuses, the most recent completed in 2020.[1]
History
Pre-Columbian era
The practice of census-taking in Mexico may have precedents dating back to the late
The count was conducted by adding stones to a pile representing each person counted, giving a total of 3,200,000 residents.[2] The retelling of this tradition was documented in the late 18th century by Francesco Clavigero, based on Fray Juan de Torquemada's Monarchia Indiana, first published in 1615.[3] Clavigero himself goes on to doubt some of what Torquemada wrote on the tale, citing aspects of it as "incredible". Nepohualco and the survey is also referenced in the codex Historia Tolteca-Chichimeca, folio 33R.[4]
During the later Aztec Empire, it is known that written census-like records were used to keep track of land ownership and the tribute obligations of individual city-states (altepetl) across central Mexico.[5]
Spanish rule
In the decades after the conquest and Spanish colonial expansion, the administrators and missionaries for the Real Audiencia of Mexico began the systematic collection of population data for the new territories. One such was the document known as the Suma de visitas de pueblos por orden alfabético from 1548, which contained a survey and description of 907 villages and settlements in central Mexico.[6]
A census taken twenty years later in 1568, covering about 90% of the towns and villages of Central Mexico, is probably the most comprehensive of the 16th-century recorded enumerations.[5] During the later Colonial period in the 17th century a number of other demographic counts and compilations were made. In general the data from these, likely incomplete and rudimentary, are no longer preserved.[2]
It was not until the late 18th century that an accounting of the population was conducted, known as the Revillagigedo census, the first poll to resemble a national census. Conducted under
Independence and modern era
After the
Article 12 of the 1824 Constitution of Mexico expressed this intention:
A census of the whole confederation shall be taken within five years, and shall be renewed afterward every ten years, which shall serve to designate the number of deputies to which each state is entitled. In the meantime, elections are to be regulated on the basis established in the preceding article, and the census which served to regulate the election of deputies in the Congress now in session.[8]
The General Directorate of Statistics was created in 1882. The next year, it issued regulations establishing that the Directorate should conduct a general census of the country's inhabitants every ten years. In 1892, a pilot population census known as "Peñafiel Census" was carried out in Mexico City.[2]
Under the presidency of Porfirio Díaz, the first national statistical enumeration was conducted in 1895, initiating the era of contemporary censuses.[2]
Since 1900, the population census has been conducted on a
In 1995 and 2005, INEGI compiled an intermediate series of national population and housing statistics, surveying only a selected subset of key
Official census dates
The following table lists the official names and dates of all the conducted national population censuses from 1895.[1]
Designation | Year | Official Date |
---|---|---|
Censo General de la República Mexicana 1895 |
1895 | October 20 |
Censo General de la República Mexicana 1900 | 1900 | October 28 |
Tercer Censo de Población de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos 1910 | 1910 | October 27 |
Censo General de Habitantes 1921 | 1921 | November 30 |
Quinto Censo de Población 1930 | 1930 | May 15 |
Sexto Censo de Población 1940 | 1940 | March 6 |
Séptimo Censo General de Población 1950 | 1950 | June 6 |
VIII Censo General de Población 1960 | 1960 | June 8 |
IX Censo General de Población 1970 | 1970 | January 28 |
X Censo General de Población y Vivienda 1980 | 1980 | June 4 |
XI Censo General de Población y Vivienda 1990 | 1990 | March 12 |
XII Censo General de Población y Vivienda 2000 | 2000 | February 14 |
Censo de Población y Vivienda 2010 | 2010 | June 12 |
Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020 | 2020 | March 15 |
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e "Censos y Conteos de Población y Vivienda" (in Spanish). INEGI. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
- ^ a b c d "Red Nacional de Metadatos - Antecedentes" (in Spanish). INEGI. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
- OCLC 54014738.
- ^ Wimmer, Alexis (2006). "NEPOHUALCO" (online version, incorporating reproductions from Dictionnaire de la langue nahuatl ou mexicaine [1885], by Rémi Siméon). Dictionnaire de la langue nahuatl classique. Retrieved 2008-07-10. (in French and Nahuatl languages)
- ^ OCLC 48579073.
- OCLC 1771954.
- OCLC 62300903. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
- ^ "Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States (1824)". Retrieved March 15, 2021.