Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine

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Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (University of Oxford)
TypePublic
Established1995
Parent institution
University of Oxford
DirectorCarl Heneghan
Academic staff
25
Students5 full-time DPhils, 28 part-time DPhils and 75 MSc students
Location
Oxford
,
England
Websitewww.cebm.ox.ac.uk Edit this at Wikidata

The Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM), based in the Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences at the University of Oxford, is an academic-led centre dedicated to the practice, teaching, and dissemination of high quality evidence-based medicine to improve healthcare in everyday clinical practice. CEBM was founded by David Sackett in 1995. It was subsequently directed by Brian Haynes and Paul Glasziou. Since 2010 it has been led by Professor Carl Heneghan, a clinical epidemiologist and general practitioner.[1]

There are currently over 25 active staff and honorary members of the CEBM. The staff include clinicians, statisticians, epidemiologists, information specialists, quantitative and qualitative researchers.

Teaching and degrees

CEBM is the academic lead for Oxford University's Graduate School in Evidence-Based Healthcare, together with the university's

DPhil in Evidence-Based Health Care,[3] along with a range of short courses, including a course on the History and Philosophy of Evidence-Based Healthcare which was developed by Jeremy Howick and Iain Chalmers.[4]

EBM Live conference

Every year, CEBM organises EBM Live, (previously Evidence Live)

British Medical Journal
. Themes for the conference include Improving the Quality of Research; disentangling the Problems of Too Much and Too Little Medicine; transforming the Communication of Evidence for Better Health; training the Next Generation of Leaders and translating Evidence into Better-Quality Health Services.

Notable projects

Levels of evidence

CEBM has developed a widely adopted

homogeneity
) are seen as the highest possible level of evidence, as full assessment and aggregated synthesis of underlying evidence is possible.

Tamiflu

In collaboration with the

Tamiflu, despite the systematic review[9] claiming to find no evidence for the effectiveness of it.[10]

Sports products

A systematic review conducted in 2012 discovered very little effect of carbohydrate drinks on sport performance of the general population.

British Medical Journal.[13] A linked article published in the BMJ reported a "striking lack of evidence" to back up claims for popular sports brands.[14] A further analysis of a broad range of sports products showed that the evidence for many sports products is poor quality and insufficient to inform the public about the benefits and harms of the products.[14]

Self care

World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Self-Care in Non-communicable disease.[18]

AllTrials

The centre is one of the co-founders of the AllTrials campaign, which has been influential in ensuring that the results of all clinical trials are registered and reported in full.

Diagnostic technologies and reasoning

The centre has a strong diagnostic theme which includes assessing novel diagnostic technologies relevant to improving the diagnosis of disease in primary care and also to improving diagnostic reasoning. In 2015, the centre produced a report for the

Department of Health on antimicrobial resistance diagnostics, which highlighted the considerable number of new diagnostic technologies in development to underpin rational prescribing of antibiotics.[19]

COMPare project

In 2015 the COMPare project was launched, addressing outcome switching in clinical trials. The project systematically checks every trial published in the top five medical journals, to see if they have misreported their findings, comparing each clinical trial report against its registry entry. The project has found that some trials report their outcomes perfectly, but for many others outcomes specified in the registry entry were never reported. The updates to the trials are updated live on the COMPare website. The project highlights how researchers are duped by the common practice in clinical trial reporting of "outcome switching".[20]

Adverse events

In March 2016, research at the centre systematically identified 353 medicinal products withdrawn worldwide because of adverse drug reactions, assessed the level of evidence used for making the withdrawal decisions, and found that only 40 drugs were withdrawn worldwide.[21] Withdrawal was significantly less likely in Africa than in other continents.[22] Furthermore, in 47% of the 95 drugs for which death was documented as a reason for withdrawal, more than two years elapsed between the first report of a death and withdrawal of the drug.[23]

Notable associates

Notable associates of the centre include:[24]

References

  1. ^ "Professor Carl Heneghan". University of Oxford. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  2. ^ "MSc in Evidence-Based Health Care". Retrieved 23 July 2015.
  3. ^ "DPhil in Evidence-Based Health Care". Retrieved 23 July 2015.
  4. ISBN 978-1-4443-4266-6
    .
  5. ^ "Evidence Live Global Forum". Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  6. ^ "Levels of Evidence / Google Scholar". Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  7. PMID 24759392
    .
  8. PMID 24811412
    .
  9. PMID 24718923
    .
  10. ^ "Tamiflu: Millions wasted on flu drug, claims major report". BBC. 10 April 2014. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
  11. ^ "'Lack of evidence' that popular sports products work". BBC. 19 July 2012. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
  12. S2CID 39018130
    .
  13. ^ "'Lack of evidence' that popular sports products work". BBC News. 19 July 2012.
  14. ^
    PMID 22815461
    .
  15. S2CID 15763945
    .
  16. PMID 26077267
    .
  17. PMID 27378324
    .
  18. WHO
    . 28 March 2014. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
  19. ^ Pluddemann, Annette; Onakpoya, Igho; Harrison, Sian; Shinkins, Bethany; Shinkins, Bethany; Tompson, Alice; Davis, Ruth; Price, Christopher P.; Heneghan, Carl (June 2015). "Position Paper on Anti-Microbial Resistance Diagnostics". Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine.
  20. ^ "How researchers dupe the public with a sneaky practice called "outcome switching"". 29 December 2015.
  21. ^ Worldwide withdrawal of medicinal products because of adverse drug reactions: a systematic review and analysis.Onakpoya IJ, Heneghan CJ, Aronson JK. Crit Rev Toxicol. 2016 Mar 3:1โ€“13
  22. PMID 26843061
    .
  23. PMID 25651859
    .
  24. ^ "Who we are โ€” Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM), University of Oxford".

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