Certification
Certification is part of testing, inspection and certification and the provision by an independent body of written assurance (a certificate) that the product, service or system in question meets specific requirements.[1] It is the formal attestation or confirmation of certain characteristics of an object, person, or organization. This confirmation is often, but not always, provided by some form of external review, education, assessment, or audit. Accreditation is a specific organization's process of certification. According to the U.S. National Council on Measurement in Education, a certification test is a credentialing test used to determine whether individuals are knowledgeable enough in a given occupational area to be labeled "competent to practice" in that area.[2]
Types
One of the most common types of certification in modern society is professional certification, where a person is certified as being able to competently complete a job or task, usually by the passing of an examination and/or the completion of a program of study. Some professional certifications also require that one obtain work experience in a related field before the certification can be awarded. Some professional certifications are valid for a lifetime upon completing all certification requirements. Others expire after a certain period of time and have to be maintained with further education and/or testing.
Certifications can differ within a profession by the level or specific area of expertise to which they refer. For example, in the IT Industry there are different certifications available for
Certification does not designate that a person has sufficient knowledge in a subject area, only that they passed the test.[3] This of course apples only to exam-based certifications. Education-based certifications, require that a person completes a course of study that satisfies certain body of knowledge claims to demonstrate that the person has sufficient knowledge in the subject area.[citation needed]
Certification does not refer to the state of legally being able to practice or work in a profession. That is
Another common type of certification in modern society is product certification. This refers to processes intended to determine if a product meets minimum standards, similar to quality assurance. Different certification systems exist in each country. For example, in Russia it is the GOST R Rostest.
Other types include:
- A type certificate is issued to signify the airworthiness of an aircraft manufacturing design
- Academic degrees[4]
- Cyber security certification
- Digital signatures in public-key cryptography
- Digital certification
- Diving certification
- Environmental certification
- Film certification, also known as the motion picture rating system[5]
- Food safety certification
- Music recording sales certification, such as "Gold" or "Platinum"
- Nursing credentials and certifications
- Professional certification (computer technology)
- Sustainability certification
- Testing, inspection and certification
Standards and Certification
Certification is dependent on meeting specific requirements that are defined in a
Attestations of conformity
Attestations of conformity can be made:[7]
- First-party attestations of conformity, an individual or organization providing the good or service offers assurance that it meets certain claims.
- Second-party attestations of conformity, an association to which the individual or organization belongs provides the assurance.
- Third-party attestations of conformity, also referred to as third party certification, involves an independent and impartial assessment performed by a certification body, also referred to as conformity assessment body, declaring that specified requirements pertaining to a product, person, process, or management system have been met.[8]
In the European Union, a
In software testing Certifications
For
References
- ^ "Certification". International Organization for Standardization. Archived from the original on Feb 27, 2024.
- ^ "Glossary of Important Assessment and Measurement Terms". NCME. Archived from the original on 2017-07-22. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
- ^ Cem Kaner (Mar 26, 2014). "Why propose an advanced certification in software testing?". Retrieved November 4, 2014.
- ^ "Academic Degrees Abbreviations". Abbreviations.com. Archived from the original on Feb 15, 2014. Retrieved January 30, 2014.
- ^ "Motion Picture Association of America". mpaa.org. Archived from the original on Dec 30, 2011.
- ISBN 978-92-67-10518-5. Archivedfrom the original on May 21, 2023 – via DocPlayer.
- ^ "Attestations of conformity". CASCO. International Organization for Standardization. Archived from the original on Nov 30, 2023.
- ^ "U.S. Conformity Assessment System: 3rd Party Conformity Assessment". ANSI Standards Portal. Retrieved November 4, 2014.
- ^ a b "Certifying Software Testers Worldwide - ISTQB® International Software Testing Qualifications Board". Retrieved November 4, 2014.
- ^ "International Institute for Software Testing (IIST) CSTP & CTM Informational Home Page". Testinginstitute.com. Retrieved January 30, 2014.