Cetomimiformes

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Whalefishes
Barbourisia rufa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
(disputed)
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cetomimiformes
Families

Barbourisiidae

Cetomimidae
Rondeletiidae

The Cetomimiformes or whalefishes are an order of small, deep-sea

ray-finned fish. Some authorities[1] include the whalefishes as part of the order Stephanoberyciformes, within the superfamily Cetomimoidea. Their sister order, the Beryciformes, includes the flashlight fish and squirrelfish
.

Within this group are five families and approximately 18 genera and 32 species (but see below). Thought to have a circumglobal distribution throughout the tropical and temperate latitudes, whalefishes have been recorded at depths in excess of 3,500 metres.

Description

Named after their whale-shaped body (from the Greek ketos meaning "whale" or "sea monster", mimos meaning "imitative" and the Latin forma meaning "form"), the Cetomimiformes have extremely large mouths and highly distensible stomachs. Their eyes are very small or vestigial; the lateral line (composed of huge, hollow tubes) is consequently very well developed to compensate for life in the pitch black depths.

The dorsal and

anal fins are set far back; all fins lack spines. The swim bladder is also absent, except in the larvae and juveniles which occur in the surface waters.[2] Whalefish coloration is typically red to orange, sometimes with a black body. Some species possess light-producing organs called photophores
; these are widespread among deep-sea fishes.

The largest known species reach a length of just 40 centimetres; most species are half this size.

parasitic males in deep-sea anglerfish
.

Families

  • Cetomimidae — flabby whalefishes
  • Rondeletiidae
    — redmouth whalefishes
  • monotypic
    )

The gibberfishes (

Barbourisiidae, as has been occasionally proposed.[2]

Footnotes

  1. ^ E.g. Nelson (2006)
  2. ^ a b Paxton et al. (2001)

References

External links

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