Ceutrones
The Ceutrones (or Centrones) were a
Name
They are mentioned as Ceutrones by Caesar (mid-1st c. BC),[1] Keútrōnes (Κεύτρωνες; var. Κέντ-) by Strabo (early 1st c. AD),[2] Ceutrones by Pliny (1st c. AD),[3] and as Keutrónōn (Κευτρόνων) by Ptolemy (2nd c. AD).[4][5]
The hamlet of Centron, located in the village of Montgirod, may be named after the Gallic tribe.[6]
They had a homonym tribe in Gallia Belgica, documented in 54 BC, which was probably a pagus of the Nervii.[7][8]
Geography
The Ceutrones dwelled in the
Among the passes which lead over from Italy to the outer—or northerly—Celtica, is the one that leads through the country of the Salassi, to Lugdunum; it is a double pass, one branch, that through the Ceutrones, being practicable for wagons through the greater part of its length, while the other, that through the Poeninus, is steep and narrow, but a short cut.
— Strabo 1923, Geōgraphiká, 4:11.
Their chief town was known as Axima (modern
History
In the mid-1st century BC, the Ceutrones are mentioned by Julius Caesar as a tribe hostile to Rome. In what appears to be a concerted attack, they attempted to prevent his passage through the upper Durance along with the Caturiges and Graioceli in 58 BC.[11][12]
There [Titus Labienus] enrolled two legions, and brought out of winter quarters three that were wintering about Aquileia; and with these five legions made speed to march by the shortest route to Further Gaul, over the Alps. In that region the Ceutrones, the Graioceli, and the Caturiges, seizing points on the higher ground, essayed to stop the march of his army. They were repulsed in several actions; and on the seventh day he moved from Ocelum, the last station of Hither Gaul, into the borders of the Vocontii in Further Gaul.
— Caesar 1917, Commentarii de Bello Gallico, 1:10:4.
Culture
The Ceutrones were possibly of
Economy
The Ceutrones were known for copper mining. They also produced a renowned cheese named vatusicus.[8][13]
See also
References
- ^ Caesar. Commentarii de Bello Gallico, 1:10:4.
- ^ Strabo. Geōgraphiká, 4:6, 4:7, 4:11.
- ^ Pliny. Naturalis Historia, 3:135.
- ^ Ptolemy. Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis, 3:1:33.
- ^ Falileyev 2010, s.v. Ceutrones, Forum Claudii Ceutronum and Axima.
- .
- ^ a b Kruta 2000, p. 535.
- ^ a b Lafond & Graßl 2006.
- ^ a b c Bérard 1995, p. 344.
- ^ Talbert 2000, Map 17: Lugdunum, Map 18: Augustonemetum-Vindonissa.
- ^ Barruol 1969, p. 43.
- ^ Rivet 1988, p. 335.
- ^ a b Wiblé 2003.
Primary sources
- ISBN 978-0-674-99080-7.
- ISBN 9780674993648.
- ISBN 978-0674990562.
References
- OCLC 3279201.
- Bérard, François (1995). "Un nouveau procurateur à Aime en Tarentaise: Savoie" (PDF). Gallia. 52: 343–358. S2CID 159689965.
- Falileyev, Alexander (2010). Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place-names: A Celtic Companion to the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. CMCS. ISBN 978-0955718236.
- ISBN 2-221-05690-6.
- Lafond, Yves; Graßl, Herbert (2006). "Ceutrones". Brill's New Pauly. .
- ISBN 978-0-7134-5860-2.
- ISBN 978-0691031699.
- Wiblé, François (2003). "Ceutrons". Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz.. 024602/2003-09-05.