Champaign, Illinois
Champaign, Illinois | |
---|---|
CDT) | |
ZIP Codes | 61820–61822, 61824–61826 |
Area codes | 217, 447 |
FIPS code | 17-12385 |
GNIS feature ID | 2393796[2] |
Website | champaignil.gov |
Champaign (/ˌʃæmˈpeɪn/ sham-PAYN) is a city in Champaign County, Illinois, United States. The population was 88,302 at the 2020 census. It is the tenth-most populous municipality in Illinois and the fourth most populous city in the state outside the Chicago metropolitan area.[3] It is a principal city of the Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area, which had 236,000 residents in 2020.
Champaign shares the main campus of the
History
Champaign was founded in 1855, when the Illinois Central Railroad laid its rail track two miles (3 km) west of downtown Urbana. Originally called "West Urbana", it was renamed Champaign when it acquired a city charter in 1860. Both the city and county name were derived from Champaign County, Ohio,[5] which took its name from the French word for "open, level country".[6][7]
During February 1969, Carl Perkins joined with Bob Dylan to write the song "Champaign, Illinois", which Perkins released on his album On Top.[8] The band Old 97's took another Bob Dylan song, "Desolation Row", and combined its melody with new lyrics to make a new song "Champaign, Illinois", which they released with Dylan's blessing on their 2010 album The Grand Theatre Volume One. It achieved considerable popularity. The two "Champaign, Illinois" songs are not similar to each other, except that Bob Dylan was involved in both of them.
On September 22, 1985, Champaign hosted the first
In 2005, Champaign–Urbana (specifically the University of Illinois) was the location of the National Science Olympiad Tournament, attracting young scientists from all 50 states. The city also hosts the state Science Olympiad competition every year. The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign once again hosted the National competition on May 20–22, 2010.
Joan Severns was the city's first female mayor, serving between 1979 and 1983.[9] Deborah Frank Feinen, who has served as mayor since 2015, is the city's second female mayor.[9] In May 2017, the city's first female-majority city council was sworn in.[10]
Geography
Location
According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Champaign has a total area of 23.14 square miles (59.93 km2), of which 22.99 square miles (59.54 km2) (or 99.37%) is land and 0.15 square miles (0.39 km2) (or 0.63%) is water.[1]
Champaign is a city in central Illinois and is located on relatively high ground, providing sources to the Kaskaskia River to the west, and the Embarras River to the south. Downtown Champaign drains into Boneyard Creek, which feeds the Saline Branch of the Salt Fork Vermilion River.[11]
Champaign shares a border with the neighboring city of
Climate
The city has a humid continental climate, typical of the Midwestern United States, with hot summers and cold, moderately snowy winters. Temperatures exceed 90 °F (32.2 °C) on an average of 24 days per year, and typically fall below 0 °F (−17.8 °C) on six nights annually.[12] The record high temperature in Champaign was 109 °F (42.8 °C) in 1954, and the record low was −25 °F (−31.7 °C), recorded on four separate occasions − in 1899, 1905, 1994 and 1999.[13]
Climate data for Champaign 3S, Illinois (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1888–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 70 (21) |
72 (22) |
85 (29) |
95 (35) |
97 (36) |
103 (39) |
109 (43) |
102 (39) |
102 (39) |
93 (34) |
80 (27) |
71 (22) |
109 (43) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 33.5 (0.8) |
38.4 (3.6) |
50.4 (10.2) |
63.1 (17.3) |
73.8 (23.2) |
82.7 (28.2) |
85.2 (29.6) |
84.0 (28.9) |
78.8 (26.0) |
65.8 (18.8) |
50.7 (10.4) |
38.5 (3.6) |
62.1 (16.7) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 25.7 (−3.5) |
29.8 (−1.2) |
40.8 (4.9) |
52.4 (11.3) |
63.2 (17.3) |
72.4 (22.4) |
75.2 (24.0) |
73.8 (23.2) |
67.2 (19.6) |
54.8 (12.7) |
41.4 (5.2) |
31.1 (−0.5) |
52.3 (11.3) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 17.9 (−7.8) |
21.2 (−6.0) |
31.2 (−0.4) |
41.6 (5.3) |
52.7 (11.5) |
62.1 (16.7) |
65.2 (18.4) |
63.6 (17.6) |
55.6 (13.1) |
43.9 (6.6) |
32.2 (0.1) |
23.6 (−4.7) |
42.6 (5.9) |
Record low °F (°C) | −25 (−32) |
−25 (−32) |
−9 (−23) |
14 (−10) |
26 (−3) |
34 (1) |
41 (5) |
37 (3) |
24 (−4) |
12 (−11) |
−5 (−21) |
−20 (−29) |
−25 (−32) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 2.31 (59) |
2.18 (55) |
2.77 (70) |
3.94 (100) |
4.78 (121) |
4.58 (116) |
4.49 (114) |
3.54 (90) |
3.37 (86) |
3.35 (85) |
3.21 (82) |
2.40 (61) |
40.92 (1,039) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 6.5 (17) |
5.8 (15) |
2.5 (6.4) |
0.3 (0.76) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.9 (2.3) |
4.8 (12) |
20.8 (53) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 9.9 | 9.2 | 10.8 | 11.9 | 13.4 | 11.2 | 10.3 | 9.1 | 7.9 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 123.2 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 5.4 | 4.4 | 2.1 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 4.1 | 17.4 |
Source: |
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1860 | 1,727 | — | |
1870 | 4,625 | 167.8% | |
1880 | 5,103 | 10.3% | |
1890 | 5,839 | 14.4% | |
1900 | 9,098 | 55.8% | |
1910 | 12,421 | 36.5% | |
1920 | 15,873 | 27.8% | |
1930 | 20,348 | 28.2% | |
1940 | 23,302 | 14.5% | |
1950 | 39,563 | 69.8% | |
1960 | 49,583 | 25.3% | |
1970 | 56,837 | 14.6% | |
1980 | 58,133 | 2.3% | |
1990 | 63,502 | 9.2% | |
2000 | 67,518 | 6.3% | |
2010 | 81,055 | 20.0% | |
2020 | 88,302 | 8.9% | |
2022 (est.) | 89,241 | 1.1% | |
U.S. Census Bureau[16] [17] |
As of the
There were 34,851 households, out of which 21.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 32.63% were married couples living together, 8.77% had a female householder with no husband present, and 55.17% were non-families. 39.97% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.01% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.13 and the average family size was 2.30.
The city's age distribution consisted of 17.0% under the age of 18, 29.0% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 17.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 27.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 110.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.1 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $49,467, and the median income for a family was $78,118. Males had a median income of $36,680 versus $27,805 for females. The
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000[20] | Pop 2010[21] | Pop 2020[22] | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
White alone (NH)
|
48,168 | 52,533 | 45,409 | 71.34% | 64.81% | 51.42% |
Black or African American alone (NH)
|
10,471 | 12,474 | 15,625 | 15.51% | 15.39% | 17.96% |
Alaska Native alone (NH)
|
132 | 143 | 99 | 0.20% | 0.18% | 0.11% |
Asian alone (NH) | 4,591 | 8,510 | 14,705 | 6.80% | 10.50% | 16.65% |
Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 20 | 56 | 27 | 0.03% | 0.07% | 0.03% |
Other race alone (NH) | 145 | 162 | 431 | 0.21% | 0.20% | 0.49% |
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 1,267 | 2,066 | 4,289 | 1.88% | 2.55% | 4.86% |
Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 2,724 | 5,111 | 7,717 | 4.03% | 6.31% | 8.74% |
Total | 67,518 | 81,055 | 88,302 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Economy
In addition to the
Champaign is home to nationally recognized record labels, artist management companies, booking agencies, and recording studios.
In April 2011, The Christian Science Monitor named Champaign-Urbana one of the five cities leading the economic turnaround based on jobs; the information sector added over 300 jobs within a year and unemployment dropped 2.1%.[24]
Research Park
Champaign features a large technology and software industry mostly focusing on research and development of new technologies. The
The technology incubator at Research Park, EnterpriseWorks, has launched 350+ startups since opening in 2014. Famous graduates of EnterpriseWorks include Agrible, which was sold to Nutrien in 2018 for $63 million.[27] Another success story is Starfire, which graduated from EnterpriseWorks and moved into other space at the Research Park. In 2022, Starfire was growing so fast, it bought its own 190,000 SF building in the northwest side of Champaign.[28]
Top employers
According to the Champaign County Economic Development Corporation,[29] the top ten employers in the city are:
# | Employer | # of Employees |
---|---|---|
1 | University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign | 13,934 |
2 | Carle Foundation Hospital | 6,921 |
3 | Champaign Unit 4 School District | 1,664 |
4 | Kraft Heinz | 925 |
5 | Christie Clinic | 916 |
6 | Champaign County | 893 |
7 | Urbana School District #116 | 828 |
8 | FedEx | 815 |
9 | OSF HealthCare | 774 |
10 | Parkland College | 741 |
Other major employers include
Arts and culture
Landmarks and districts
Downtown
In the 1980s, part of the downtown Champaign area (Neil St.) was closed to vehicular traffic to create a pedestrian mall, but this short-lived experiment was scrapped when business declined. As part of a revitalization effort, One Main Development constructed two new mixed-use buildings: One Main and M2 on Neil. The City of Champaign gave $3.7 million in tax incentives for the building of M2 and agreed to pay nearly $11 million for a new parking deck.[31][32][33][34]
This growth in downtown Champaign coincided with the larger growth of the "north Prospect" shopping district on the city's northern boundary. The growth in the north Prospect area relied, in part, on leapfrogging, moving out to the countryside and developing more remote farmland that eventually connects to the main development. Given the overwhelming success of such suburban shopping areas nationally, new development within any city center represented an alternative to the dominant movement out and away from the cities.
The Champaign City Building serves as the City Hall and is a recognizable landmark. The building replaces the original city building, which sat on the same site until 1937.
The historic Virginia Theatre is a restored 1463-seat movie theater which opened on December 28, 1921. It has an ornate, Spanish Renaissance-influenced interior, full stage and dressing rooms, and its original Wurlitzer pipe organ. It hosts Ebertfest[35] and has a single 56' x 23' screen. The theater does not have a daily show schedule, but schedules special screenings and live performances several times each month.
The Art Theater Co-op, which showed independent and foreign films, was built in 1913 as the Park Theatre. From 1969 to 1986, it showed adult films.[36] Until October 2019, it was the only single-screen movie theater operating daily in Champaign-Urbana, and was the United States's first co-operatively owned art movie theater. It closed in October 2019.[37][38]
Campustown
Located along Green Street, this commercial district serves as the entertainment and retail center for students at the University of Illinois and citizens of the Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area. This area has been undergoing change since 2002 with the completion of a new $7 million streetscape project. Campustown is now attracting new retail and entertainment stores as well as serving as the center for new construction projects. Several new projects opened in 2008 including the 18-story Burnham 310 high-rise and grocery store at 4th and Springfield, and a new 24-story apartment building called 309 Green.[39]
The newly renamed Tower at 3rd (formerly Champaign Hilton, Century 21, Quality Inn, University Inn, Presidential Tower) is located in the University District and is over twenty stories high. A hotel until 2001, it currently houses student apartments.[40]
A new 14-story apartment complex was completed in 2014 at the intersection of 6th and Green streets (site of the former Gameday Spirit).[41] A 12-story, mixed-use complex consisting of a hotel, apartments and parking was scheduled to be completed by August 2015. The mixed-use complex is reported to consist of two towers which will be connected by a skywalk. A 27-story apartment building is planned at 308 East Green Street.[42] This high-rise is reported to have an automated parking vault which will be operated by an elevator.[43]
Museums and libraries
- Krannert Art Museum.[46] An Art Museum featuring both modern and classical art owned by the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. It has 48,000 square feet (4,500 m2) of space devoted to all periods of art, from ancient Egyptian to contemporary photography.
- Champaign County Historical Museum.[47] Located in the Historic Cattle Bank built in 1858. Features exhibits on the history of the area and the midwest as a whole.
- Champaign Public Library
- Urbana Free Library
Sports
Illinois Fighting Illini
The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign fields ten men and eleven women varsity sports.
Team | Established | Big Ten Conference Titles | NCAA Postseason Appearances | National Titles
|
Venue | Opened | Capacity |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Football | 1890 | 15 | 17 | 5 | Memorial Stadium |
1923 | 60,670 |
Men's basketball | 1905 | 17 | 30 | 1 | State Farm Center | 1963 | 15,500 |
Women's basketball | 1974 | 1 | 8 | 0 | State Farm Center | 1963 | 15,500 |
Baseball | 1879[48] | 29 | 10 | 0 | Illinois Field | 1988 | 3,000 |
Women's volleyball | 1974 [49] | 4 | 22 | 0 | Huff Hall | 1925 | 4,050 |
Men's gymnastics | 1898 [50] | 24 | 44 | 10 | Huff Hall | 1925 | 4,050 |
Stadiums
Built from 1922 to 1923,
Originally known as the Assembly Hall, the State Farm Center is home to the Illinois Fighting Illini men's basketball and Illinois Fighting Illini women's basketball teams. It holds the annual Broadway Series, which features popular musicals.
Minor league
During its history, the city has been home to several separate minor league baseball clubs. The first in 1889 was a shared club between Champaign and
Twice Champaign was also home to a
In October 2014, the Midwest Professional Basketball Association announced the creation of the Champaign Swarm as one of its founding members, that began play at the Dodds Athletic Center in January 2015.
Parks and recreation
There are 60 parks, 11 trails, and 14 facilities within the city of Champaign, totaling over 654 acres (2.65 km2).[55]
Education
Primary and secondary
The city of Champaign is served by Champaign Unit 4 School District. Unit 4 administers both Champaign Central High School and Champaign Centennial High School.
Champaign is also served by three private high schools. The largest of the three is St. Thomas More High School which is located on the city's far northwest side. The school opened in 2000 and is the newest charter of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Peoria. Judah Christian School, which is located just south of I-74 on Prospect Avenue, opened in 1983 and serves grades pre-kindergarten through 12. Academy High is a private, independent high school located in South Champaign which opened in 2017.[56][57] The school is designed to be student-centered, highly collaborative, and project-based.
Higher education
Located within Champaign are two institutions of higher education, the
Media
Radio
- 88.3 W201CK (Translates 90.7 Christian CHR
- 88.7 College radio
- 89.3 WGNJ, Religious
- 90.1 WEFT, Community radio
- 90.9 WILL-FM, Classical music (RDS)
- 91.7 Christian AC(RDS)
- 92.1 W221CK "Extra 92.1" Rock(RDS – Artist/Title)
- 92.5 WREE "Rewind 92.5", Classic hits (RDS – Artist/Title)
- 93.5 WSJK, Talk/sports
- 94.5 WLRW "Mix 94.5" Hot AC (RDS – Artist/Title) (HD Radio)
- 95.3 WJEK, Adult contemporary
- 95.7 WLHF, Catholic radio, Religious, Christian [59]
- 96.1 CHR/Pop(RDS)
- 97.5 WHMS-FM "Lite Rock 97.5" Adult contemporary
- 98.3 WPEO-FM, Christian
- 99.1 WYXY "WYXY Classic" Country (RDS – Artist/Title)
- 99.7 Top 40
- 100.3 WIXY "WIXY 100.3" Country (RDS – Artist/Title)
- 101.1 W266AF (Translates 90.9 WILL-FM HD2), Classical music
- 102.5 WGNN, Religious
- 103.9 W280DE (Translates 102.5 WGNN), Religious
- 104.5 WRFU-LP "Radio Free Urbana", Variety
- 105.5 R&B
- 105.9 WGKC, Country (RDS)
- 106.5 simulcast of Spanish Music
- 107.1 WPGU, "Champaign's Alternative", Alternative rock
- 107.9 WKIO "U-Rock 107.9" Classic rock
NOAA Weather Radio station WXJ76 transmits from Champaign and is licensed to NOAA's National Weather Service Central Illinois Weather Forecast Office at Lincoln, broadcasting on a frequency of 162.550 MHz (channel 7 on most newer weather radios, and most SAME weather radios). The station activates the SAME tone alarm feature and a 1050 Hz tone activating older radios (except for AMBER Alerts, using the SAME feature only) for hazardous weather and non-weather warnings and emergencies, along with selected weather watches, for the Illinois counties of Champaign, Coles, DeWitt, Douglas, Edgar, Ford, Moultrie, Piatt, and Vermillion. Weather permitting, a tone alarm test of both the SAME and 1050 Hz tone features are conducted every Wednesday between 11 am and Noon.
Television
- 3 WCIA, CBS
- 7 W07DD-D, Three Angels Broadcasting Network
- 12 PBS
- 15 WICD "NewsChannel 15", ABC
- 17 WAND, NBC
- 23 CW
- 27 WCCU "Fox 55/27"
- 33 W31EH-D, Trinity Broadcasting Network
- 44 WBXC-CA, MTV 2
- 49 My Network TV
- 51 PBS
Newspapers
- The News-Gazette, daily local newspaper
- Daily Illini, campus newspaper
- The Booze News, former satirical campus newspaper, now called The Black Sheep
- Buzz Weekly, weekly entertainment magazine
- Prospectus News, Parkland College's independent student newspaper
Transportation
Highways
Champaign is served by
Interstate 57 enters in Champaign County after a diamond interchange with Curtis Road. It makes two Cloverleaf interchanges with Interstate 72 towards Decatur, Illinois, and the second (soon to be changed) Cloverleaf interchange with Interstate 74 in Illinois to Indianapolis. After making the two major interchanges, it runs out of Champaign County with a Partial cloverleaf interchange with U.S. Route 45 to Rantoul, Illinois. Interstate 74 starts with U.S. Route 150 in Illinois with Mahomet, Illinois, it makes two total interchanges within the city's limits. After making those interchanges, it makes one interchange with Interstate 57. After making the main interchange it starts to make interchanges with the city's streets. Interstate 74 goes out of Champaign County with St. Joseph, Illinois. Interstate 72 enters Champaign County with an interchange towards Monticello and north towards Mahomet after the main route that heads north crosses Interstate 74. Interstate 72 then heads into the cloverleaf interchange with Interstate 57 and then continues east for 1 1/2 to 2 miles eventually terminating itself at University Avenue on the southeast side of Champaign.
Interstate Highways |
Illinois Highways |
Mass transit
In 1999, a newly designed intermodal transportation center, aptly named Illinois Terminal by historic reference to the defunct electric interurban rail line that once ran through Champaign, was completed and serves as a central facility for intercity passenger rail, bus services as well as the MTD's local bus network. Danville Mass Transit and Champaign County Area Rural Transit System, which primarily provide transit services to Danville and Rantoul respectively, have connecting services to Illinois Terminal.
The local bus system, which is supported by the taxpayers of the Champaign–Urbana Mass Transit District (MTD) and the University of Illinois, serves Champaign, Urbana, Savoy, and surrounding areas. The C-U MTD has twice been named as the best local transit system in the United States.[60]
C-CARTS provides bus service connecting Champaign, Urbana and Rantoul.[61]
Rail
The former
Intercity bus
Greyhound Lines, Peoria Charter Coach Company, and Burlington Trailways provide intercity bus service to Champaign.[62] Lincoln Land Express, a Champaign-based bus service, shut down in 2013.[63]
Airport
Champaign is served by
Notable people
See also
- Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area
- Triaxial Earthquake and Shock Simulator, experimental device located in Champaign.
References
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- ^ Mayor wants to explore options for minor league baseball in Champaign. News-Gazette.com (2011-06-26). Retrieved on 2013-08-17.
- ^ General Info – FAQs Archived 2008-09-20 at the Wayback Machine. Champaignparkdistrict.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-17.
- ^ Bursztynsky, Jessica (August 6, 2017). "It's nearly opening day for Academy High". The News-Gazette. Champaign, Illinois. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
- ^ Hinton, Dave (March 26, 2021). "Champaign's Academy High receives IHSA admission". The News-Gazette. Champaign, Illinois. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
- ^ "UIUC Student Enrollment by Curriculum and Student Level Fall 2023". illinois.edu. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved January 3, 2024.
- ^ "Catholic Radio Champaign/Urbana Illinois". Catholicradiocu.com. Retrieved August 5, 2022.
- ^ "American Public Transportation Association past awards page". Apta.com. Archived from the original on February 22, 2013. Retrieved April 8, 2013.
- ^ "C-CARTS Deviated Fixed Routes". Retrieved January 28, 2024.
- ^ The City of Champaign Illinois: Public Transportation Archived 2007-10-17 at the Wayback Machine Accessed October 18, 2007
- ^ Ditman, Tim (December 13, 2012). "Lincolnland Express bus company to shut down permanently". The News-Gazette. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
External links
- City of Champaign Web Site
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Champaign". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 828.
- Early History of Champaign