Chantilly porcelain
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Chantilly porcelain is French soft-paste porcelain produced between 1730 and 1800 by the manufactory of Chantilly in Oise, France. The wares are usually divided into three periods, 1730–1751, 1751–1760, and a gradual decline from 1760 to 1800.
The factory made table and tea wares, small vases, and some figures, these all of Orientals.
Foundation
Outbuildings were purchased in March 1730 on the banks of the small
Chinese porcelains
.
Like the other French factories of this period, and unlike the "Saxon"
kaolin was not amongst the raw materials of the Chantilly body.[3]
First period: Chinese and Japanese designs (1725-1751)
Condé was an avid collector of East Asian porcelains, both Chinese and Japanese, and his Chantilly manufactory's first decade of output showed the marked influence of
tea pot at left[4]
Decorative
bourdaloues, plates and cups,[6] down to porcelain flowers to incorporate in chandeliers and knife-handles.[7]
A patent granted to the factory in 1735 by
Louis XV specifically describes the right to make porcelain façon de Japon, "in imitation of the porcelain of Japan;" its reference to ten years' successful experiment on the part of Ciquaire Cirou (ca 1700–1751)[8] is the basis for dating the factory's origins to 1725, found in many sources.[9]
At first the body of the ware was covered with an opaque
lead glaze
was employed.
The prince de Condé died in 1740, after which the factory was forced to support itself, and reduced its ambitions.hunting horn.[11]
-
The Salon des porcelaines, Château de Chantilly. -
Chantilly soft-porcelain terrine, Japanese Kakiemon style, 1725–1751. -
Chantilly soft-paste porcelain bowl, with Chinese dragon, 1725–1751. -
Chantilly soft-paste porcelain seau, or wine bucket, 1725–1751. -
Chantilly soft-paste porcelain bottle in the Japanese Kakiemon style, 1730–1735. -
Chantilly soft-paste porcelain teapot, with Chinese dragon, 1735–1740. -
Chantilly soft-paste porcelain Magots, 1740. -
Chantilly porcelain plate, Kakiemon style, 1725–1751. -
Chantilly porcelain sugar bowl, Kakiemon style, 1725–1751. -
Chantilly milk pot in Kakiemon style, 1725–1751. -
Chantilly pharmacological jar, with Kakiemon designs, 1725–1751. -
Chantilly soft-paste porcelain plate with Japanese Kakiemon design, 1725–1751. -
French bourdaloue, Chantilly, soft-paste porcelain, c. 1735.
Intermediate period (1751–1760)
Potters from Chantilly were induced to move to Vincennes, initiating the porcelain manufacture that would receive royal patronage at Sèvres and absorb the French market for porcelain of the highest refinement; letters patent of 1752 granting a monopoly to Vincennes of polychrome decors further reduced Chantilly's scope.[12]
-
Chantilly soft-paste porcelain, 1750–1760. -
Chantilly soft-paste porcelain, 1750–1760. -
Chantilly soft-paste porcelain, 1750–1760. -
Figure seated on a lion, Chantilly Porcelain Factory, about 1750. -
Chantilly soft-porcelain plate, circa 1760.
Late period (1760–1800)
The factory at Chantilly produced some wares in the Vincennes-Sèvres taste but, especially after its sale in 1781 by Dame Adam, was in rapid decline towards the end of the
Christopher Potter, bought it in the early stages of the French Revolution (1792),[13] but it closed shop in 1800. In fact, Potter set up two different manufactures, the first one early 1792 and the second in 1795.[14]
See also
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chantilly porcelain.
- ^ Geneviève Le Duc, Porcelaine tendre de Chantilly au XVIIIe siècle, Paris, 1996, the first full-length monograph.
- ^ Its precursor was the porcelain manufacture of Rouen: see M.L. Solon, "The Rouen Porcelain", The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs 7 (May 1905:116-124).
- ^ Metropolitan Museum of Art: "French porcelain in the eighteenth century"; W.B. Honey, French Porcelain of the 18th Century, London, 1950.
- ^ Metropolitan Museum of Art, acc. no. 50.211.121: A large Chantilly jar, ca 1735–40 copies a Japanese form and Kakiemon coloring; Cleveland Museum of Art: Tea set, ca.1730, acc. no. 1944.228[permanent dead link]
- ^ Such as Cleveland Museum of Art: Seated Chinese with a Pot, ca.1740, acc. no. 1947.62[permanent dead link].
- ^ John Fleming and Hugh Honour, Dictionary of the Decorative Arts, 1977 s.v. "Chantilly porcelain factory".
- ^ William Chaffers, Marks and monograms on pottery & porcelain s.v. "Chantilly".
- ^ Cirou had probably gained his expertise at Saint-Cloud; where he was a painter; in 1728 he was working in rue de la Ville l'Evêque (The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts, s.v. "Chantilly: Porcelain").
- ^ E.g. Hodder Michael Westropp, Handbook of pottery and porcelain, 1880; Old and Sold: "Chantilly China 1725-1789" etc.
- ^ J. Paul Getty Museum: "Chantilly Porcelain Manufactory"
- ^ Reproduction of a Chantilly teapot, Edme Samson et Cie., Paris, ca 1900
- ^ The Grove encyclopedia of decorative arts by Gordon Campbell, p.223
- ^ Potter's purchase marks the end of the period covered by Le Duc 1996.
- ^ <Valfré Patrice, « Christopher Potter, le potier révolutionnaire, et ses manufactures de Paris, Chantilly, Montereau », Bagneaux sur Loing, 2012, pp. 199–201
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