Charles Critchfield
Charles Critchfield | |
---|---|
Mathematical Physics | |
Institutions | Institute for Advanced Study Harvard University Carnegie Institution Los Alamos National Laboratory University of Minnesota |
Doctoral advisor | Edward Teller |
Charles Louis Critchfield (June 7, 1910 – February 12, 1994) was an American
In 1943, Teller and
After the war he became a professor at the University of Minnesota, and then vice president for research at the Convair division of General Dynamics, where he worked on the Atlas family of rockets. In 1961, J. Carson Mark and Norris Bradbury offered him a position at Los Alamos, which he held until he retired in 1977.
Early life
Charles Louis Critchfield was born in Shreve, Ohio, on June 7, 1910, and grew up in Washington, D.C.[1][2] He received his B.S. (1934) and M.A. (1936) degrees in mathematics from George Washington University, where he also earned a PhD in Physics (1939) under the direction of Edward Teller.[3]
During Critchfield's graduate studies, Teller's colleague
World War II
After he graduated, Critchfield taught optics for a year at the
In 1942, after a brief stay at
In April 1944, the Manhattan Project experienced a crisis when
Postwar
Critchfield left Los Alamos in 1946 and returned to George Washington University, but soon left to join Wigner at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.[3][16] In 1947 he became an assistant professor at the University of Minnesota, where he participated, with Edward P. Ney and John R. Winckler, in a classified project to improve balloon technology.[17] Here, with Leland S. Bohl, he invented and patented the natural shape balloon,[18] and participated, with Ney and his student Sophie Oleksa, in an early search for primary cosmic ray electrons.[19]
In 1955, after advancing to full professor at Minnesota, Critchfield became vice president for research at the
Later life
In early November 1959, President
In 1961, Critchfield accepted a professorship at the
Charles Critchfield is buried next to his wife, Jean, in Guaje Pines Cemetery in Los Alamos County, New Mexico.[25]
Books
- Theory of Atomic Nucleus and Nuclear Energy Sources (1949) - co-authored with George Gamow
References
- ^ "Charles L. Critchfield; obituary". Orlando Sentinel. March 4, 1994. Retrieved April 18, 2012.
- ^ Vogel, Peter. "Manhattan Project U235 production data, 1943–1945 (See p6)" (PDF). The Last Wave from Port Chicago. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 26, 2013. Retrieved April 18, 2012.
- ^ .
- ISBN 978-0-670-66759-8.
- ]
- .
- ISBN 978-0-674-06587-1.
- ^ "Members 1940–1941" (PDF). Bulletin No. 10. See p xii. The Institute for Advanced Study. October 1941. Retrieved May 16, 2012.
- ^ "Biography of Robert Kent". Array of Contemporary American Physicists. American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved April 18, 2012.
- ^ Charles Babbage Institute. University of Minnesota. Retrieved April 17, 2012.
- ^ Critchfield's Ordinance Patents: 2638051, 2996992, 2992612; US Patent and Trademark Office
- . Retrieved June 12, 2010.
- ^ a b Meade, Roger (2004). "Plutonium complicates early gun work". Los Alamos; 50 Years Ago. Los Alamos National Laboratory. Retrieved May 17, 2012.
- ^ "The Manhattan Project and predecessor organizations". Array of Contemporary American Physicists. American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 2012-10-17. Retrieved March 11, 2013.
- ISBN 978-0-521-54117-6.
- ^ "Critchfield, Charles". Manhattan Project Veteran Archives. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
- ^ Ney, Edward; Winckler, John (1956). Final Report: Research and Development in the Field of High Altitude plastic Balloons, Vol XVI. University of Minnesota.
- ^ Patent 3063656: PLASTIC CYLINDER BALLOON, US Patent and Trademark Office
- .
- ^ ]
- Bibcode:2005ASPC..345...89E.
- ^ "The Long Wavelength Array". University of New Mexico. Retrieved May 16, 2012.
- ^ "Defense: New Man for Space". Time. November 16, 1959. Archived from the original on August 2, 2013. Retrieved August 3, 2013.
- ^ "The Administration: WOC's Walkout". Time. November 23, 1959. Archived from the original on August 2, 2013. Retrieved August 3, 2013.
- ^ "Burials in Guaje Pines Cemetery See lots 726 and 727". Retrieved May 17, 2012.
External links
- 1993 Audio Interview with Charles Critchfield by Richard Rhodes Voices of the Manhattan Project