Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden
Charles Frederick | |
---|---|
Grand Duke of Baden | |
Reign | 25 July 1806 – 10 June 1811 |
Successor | Charles |
Elector of Baden | |
Reign | 27 April 1803 – 6 August 1806 |
Margrave of Baden (unified) | |
Reign | 21 October 1771 – 27 April 1803 |
Predecessor | Augustus George, Margrave of Baden-Baden |
Margrave of Baden-Durlach | |
Reign | 12 May 1738 – 21 October 1771 |
Predecessor | Charles III William |
Born | Karlsruhe Palace, Karlsruhe, Margraviate of Baden-Durlach, Holy Roman Empire | 22 November 1728
Died | 10 June 1811 | (aged 82)
Spouses | Landgravine Caroline Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt (m. 1751; died 1783) |
Lutheran |
Charles Frederick (22 November 1728 – 10 June 1811
Biography
Born at
He succeeded
In 1803, Charles Frederick became Elector of Baden, and in 1806 the first Grand Duke of Baden. Through the politics of minister
In 1806, Baden joined the Confederation of the Rhine.
Together with his architect, Friedrich Weinbrenner, Charles Frederick was responsible for the construction of the handsome suite of classical buildings that distinguish Karlsruhe. He died there in 1811, and was one of the few German rulers to die during the Napoleonic era.
Marriages and children
Charles Frederick married
Charles Frederick and Caroline Louise had the following children:
- Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden (14 February 1755 – 16 December 1801); his son, Charles, succeeded Charles Frederick as Grand Duke upon the latter's death in 1811.
- Prince Frederick of Baden (29 August 1756 – 28 May 1817); married on 9 December 1791 Louise of Nassau-Usingen (16 August 1776 – 19 February 1829), the daughter of Duke Frederick of Nassau-Usingen.
- Prince Louis of Baden (9 February 1763 – 30 March 1830); had three illegitimate children by Katharina Werner, created Countess of Gondelsheim and Langenstein in 1818. Louis succeeded his nephew Charles as Louis I, 3rd Grand Duke in 1818.
- Son (29 July 1764 – 29 July 1764).
- Princess Louise Auguste of Baden (8 January 1767 – 11 January 1767).
Charles Frederick married
They had the following children:
- Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden and Frederica of Baden.
- Prince William of Baden (8 April 1792 – 11 October 1859).
- Prince Frederick Alexander of Baden (10 June 1793 – 18 June 1793).
- Charles Egon II of Fürstenberg (28 October 1796 – 22 October 1854); their daughter, Princess Pauline von Fürstenberg, was the mother of Princess Margarethe of Hohenlohe-Öhringen (b. Slawentzitz, 27 December 1865 – d. Dresden, 13 June 1940), who was the second wife of Wilhelm, Count of Hohenau (himself a son of Prince Albert of Prussia
- Prince Maximilian of Baden (8 December 1796 – 6 March 1882).
By 1817, the descendants of Charles Frederick by his first wife were dying out. To prevent Baden from being inherited by the next heir (his brother-in-law King
Leopold, the eldest son from the second marriage, succeeded as Grand Duke in 1830.
Ancestry
Ancestors of Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden Landgravine Marie Louise of Hesse-Kassel | | ||||||||||||
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15. Maria Amalia of Courland | |||||||||||||
References
- ^ von Weech, Friedrich von. "Karl Friedrich, Großherzog von Baden" (Online edition). Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie 15 (1882) (in German). pp. 241–248. Retrieved 26 July 2010.
- ^ "Library and Archive Catalogue". Royal Society. Retrieved 15 July 2011.[permanent dead link]
- ISBN 3-7650-8168-X.
- ^ "Maximilian, Margrave of Baden". 8 September 2021. Archived from the original on 9 September 2021.
- ^ Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 37.
Further reading
- Helen P. Liebel, "Enlightened bureaucracy versus enlightened despotism in Baden, 1750-1792." Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 55.5 (1965): 1–132.