Charles Perkins (Aboriginal activist)

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the Australian Aboriginal sports figure and activist. For other persons with this name, see Charles Perkins (disambiguation).

Charles Perkins

soccer
SpouseEileen Munchenberg
ChildrenHetti, Rachel and Adam
Parents
RelativesMadeleine Madden (granddaughter)
Association football career
Senior career*
Years Team Apps (Gls)
1950
Port Thistle
 ?
1954–1955 International United ?
1956–1957 Fiorentina ?
1957 Budapest ?
1957 Everton 0 (0)
1957–1959 Bishop Auckland ?
1959–1960
Adelaide Croatia
 ?
1961–1963
Pan-Hellenic
 ?
1963–1966 Bankstown ?
1969 ANU ?
Managerial career
1959–1960
Adelaide Croatia
1961–1964
Pan-Hellenic
1969 ANU
*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 15 December 2008

Charles Nelson Perkins

1967 Aboriginals referendum
. He had a long career as a public servant.

Early life and family

Perkins was born on 16 June 1936 in the old

soccer player John Moriarty.[citation needed] He was the great-uncle of Pat Turner, and inspired her work to improve the lives of and right to self-determination for Indigenous people.[3]

Between 1952 and 1957, Perkins worked as an apprentice

fitter and turner for the British Tube Mills company in Adelaide.[4]

He married Eileen Munchenberg, a descendant of a German Lutheran family, on 23 September 1961 and had two daughters (Hetti and Rachel), and a son (Adam).[4] His granddaughter through Hetti is actress Madeleine Madden.[5]

Education

Perkins obtained his early schooling at St Mary's Church School in Alice Springs, before moving down to

Semaphore South, a beachside suburb of Adelaide near Port Adelaide, South Australia.[7] There he was treated with kindness, sent to the local school, and met other future Aboriginal leaders and activists, including Gordon Briscoe, John Kundereri Moriarty, Richie Bray, Vince Copley, Malcolm Cooper, and others.[8][9]

He subsequently attended the Metropolitan Business College in Sydney, followed by the University of Sydney, from where he graduated in 1966 with a Bachelor of Arts. He was the first Indigenous man in Australia to graduate from university. While at university he worked part-time for the City of South Sydney cleaning toilets.[6][10]

Public life

The Freedom Ride

See also: Freedom Ride (Australia)

In 1965 he was one of the key members of the

World Wars. At one stage during the Rides, the protesters' bus was run off the road.[citation needed
]

On 20 February 1965, Perkins and his party tried to enter the swimming pool at Moree, where the local council had barred Aboriginal people from swimming since its opening 40 years earlier. They stood at the gate refusing to let anyone else in if they were not let in. In response to this action, the riders faced physical opposition from several hundred local white Australians, including community leaders, and were pelted with eggs and tomatoes. These events were broadcast across Australia, and under pressure from public opinion, the council eventually reversed the ban on Aboriginal swimmers. The Freedom Ride then moved on, but on the way out they were followed by a line of cars, one of which collided with the rear of their bus, forcing them to return to Moree where they found that the council had reneged on their previous decision. The Freedom Riders protested once again, forcing the council to remove the ban once more.[11]

On 6 August 1965, Perkins staged a fake "kidnapping" of 5-year-old

White Australia" immigration policy.[12][13][14] His antic had effect. The newspapers headlined the "kidnapping". Even so, Prasad was taken to the airport again, and deported to Fiji on 7 August 1965.[13]

1967 referendum

See also:
Australian referendum, 1967 (Aboriginals)

In 1967 a

referendum was held on constitutional amendments to allow the inclusion of Aboriginal people in censuses and giving the Parliament of Australia the right to introduce legislation specifically for Aboriginal people. In the lead-up to the referendum Perkins was manager of the Foundation for Aboriginal Affairs,[15][16] an organisation that took a key role in advocating a Yes vote.[17] The constitutional amendment passed with a 90.77% majority.[citation needed
]

Canberra

In 1969 Perkins began his career in

kidney transplant.[18]

Soon after getting his first job in Canberra, he founded the company Aboriginal Hostels Limited, with the aim of setting up a national network of hostels providing temporary accommodation for Aboriginal people. In 1973, he became the inaugural chair of its board. Joe McGinness and Vince Copley later held management positions in the company, covering different regions.[19]

In 1974 he was suspended on full pay by Barrie Dexter for improper conduct after he called the Liberal–Country Coalition government in Western Australia "biggest racist political parties in this country has ever seen", which came after an earlier altercation with his minister, Labor Senator Jim Cavanagh. During his suspension, he was hailed a hero for disarming a gun-toting man who was threatening two senior officers in the department. However his decision to take a week's leave to sit with the Aboriginal Tent Embassy was the final straw, and he was given leave for a year in 1975.[20]

During his year off, funded by a Literature Board grant, he wrote his autobiography, A Bastard Like Me, and was appointed general secretary of the

Aboriginal Development Commission.[20]

When a Labor government under Bob Hawke was elected in 1983, with Clyde Holding appointed as minister, Perkins was appointed Secretary of the DAA in 1984,[20] holding the position until 1988.[18]

Throughout his career he was a strident critic of

Australian Government policies on Indigenous affairs and was renowned for his fiery comments. Hawke once said of Perkins that he "sometimes found it difficult to observe the constraints usually imposed on permanent heads of departments because he had a burning passion for advancing the interests of his people".[citation needed
]

He served as chair of the Arrernte Council of Central Australia from 1991 until 2000.[18]

In 1993 Perkins joined the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC), and was elected deputy chair in 1994, serving until he resigned in 1995 to become a consultant to the Australian Sports Commission.[20][18]

Public commentary

On 7 April 2000, Perkins suggested that 'Sydney will burn during the [Sydney 2000] Olympics.' The comment sparked outrage from many different quarters.

Australian Rugby League were racist, suggesting that the AFL "acts in a racist manner at the highest level".[22]

Other roles

Perkins was secretary of the committee of the

Identity, in the 1970s.[23]

Soccer career

Perkins began playing in 1950 with Adelaide team

Port Thistle. In 1951 he was selected for a South Australia
under 18 representative team. He went on to play for a number of teams in Adelaide including International United (1954–55), Budapest (1956–57) and Fiorentina (1957).

In 1957 he was invited to trial with English first division team Liverpool F.C. Perkins ended up trialling and training with Liverpool's city rival Everton F.C.. While at Everton Perkins had a physical confrontation with the Everton reserve grade manager after being called a "kangaroo bastard". After this incident, Perkins left Everton to move to Wigan where he worked as a coal miner at the Mosley Common Colliery alongside Great Britain rugby league player Terry O'Grady. Perkins played two seasons for leading English amateur team Bishop Auckland F.C. between 1957 and 1959. Perkins in mid-1959 decided to return to Australia after trialling with

Manchester United.[4]

On returning to Australia Perkins was appointed captain and coach of

Adelaide Croatia. At Croatia he played alongside notable Aboriginal figures Gordon Briscoe and John Moriarty.[24][25]

In 1961 when Perkins moved to Sydney to study at university he played with Pan-Hellenic (later known as Sydney Olympic FC) in the New South Wales State League where he became captain and coach. He later played for Bankstown and retired in 1965.

Following his move to Canberra in 1969, Perkins joined the ANU Soccer Club (later known as the ANU Football Club) as player and coach.[26][27][28][29]

He later served as president of former

Football Federation Australia) and was the chairman of the Australian Indoor Soccer Federation (later known as the Australian Futsal Federation) for ten years until his death in 2000.[11][24]

Recognition

Perkins was awarded

NAIDOC Aboriginal of the Year in 1993.[citation needed
]

He was made an

Australia Day Honours in 1987, for services to Aboriginal welfare.[30][31]

He was inducted into the

Football Federation Australia Football Hall of Fame for services as a player, coach and administrator in 2000.[32]

In 1998 he was awarded an

University of Western Sydney, and shortly before his death he was awarded an honorary doctorate of law by the University of Sydney.[31]

Perkins was named by the

Australia's Living National Treasures.[33]

John Farquharson wrote in his obituary that Perkins "was perhaps not only the most influential Aborigine of modern times, but also must be numbered among the outstanding Australians of the century".[20]

Death and legacy

In 1975 Perkins wrote his autobiography, entitled A Bastard Like Me.[2]

Perkins died in Sydney on 19 October 2000 of

renal failure. During the 1970s Perkins had a kidney transplant and at the time of his death was the longest post-transplant survivor in Australia.[4][34] In the period immediately following his death, he was known as Kumantjayi Perkins, Kumantjayi being a name used to refer to a deceased person in Arrernte culture.[35] He was given a state funeral.[18] His body was returned to Alice Springs a week after his death.[31]

In 2001 the Dr Charles Perkins AO Memorial Oration and Dr Charles Perkins AO Memorial Prize were established in his honour by the University of Sydney.[36]

In 2009 The Charlie Perkins Trust instituted two scholarships per year to allow Indigenous Australians to study for up to three years at the University of Oxford.[37]

The Charles Perkins Centre at the University of Sydney, designed in 2012 and opened in June 2014,[38][39] was named in honour of Perkins.[40]

In 2013 Australia Post issued a series of postage stamps featuring five eminent Indigenous rights campaigners, including Perkins, Shirley Smith, Neville Bonner, Oodgeroo Noonuccal and Eddie Mabo.[31]

In the arts

There are several books about Perkins, and artist Bill Leak painted a portrait of him.[31]

In 2018 Paul Kelly wrote a song about Perkins, called "A Bastard Like Me", with the title of the song taken from Perkins' autobiography and the music video featuring footage from his life. It appears on the album Nature.[31]

In film

See also

References

  1. ISBN 0-14-100688-9
    .
  2. ^
    ISBN 0-7254-0256-3
    .
  3. ^ Henningham, Nikki (27 February 2012). "Turner, Patricia". The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia. Canberra, Australia: Australian Research Council. Archived from the original on 20 April 2018. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  4. ^ a b c d "Papers of Charles Perkins (1936–2000)". National Library of Australia. April 2002. Archived from the original on 22 December 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2007.
  5. ^ "Hetti Perkins, b. 1965". National Portrait Gallery people. 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  6. ^ a b Perkins, Charles (5 May 1998). "Charles Perkins". Australian Biography (Interview). Interviewed by Robin Hughes. Retrieved 20 February 2022. I used to clean the toilets, down at South Sydney, and I used to do such a good job they said, 'Why don't you take this on full time?' I used to make them sparkle – all the public toilets around the place, and the one at South Sydney Depot, right down Redfern. And I used to clean them, I had no problem. Any job is a good job. And ah, you know if anybody else can do it I can do it.
  7. ^ Chlanda, Erwin (18 September 2013). "The Boys who made the Big Time". Alice Springs News. Retrieved 29 November 2020.
  8. ^ Phillips, Sandra (10 January 2022). "Vince Copley had a vision for a better Australia – and he helped make it happen, with lifelong friend Charles Perkins". The Conversation. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  9. HarperCollins Australia
    . Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  10. ^ "Charles Perkins". Charles Perkins Centre. The University of Sydney. 12 March 2012. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  11. ^ a b Cockerill, Michael (20 April 2001). "Australian football loses a trail-blazer". FIFA. Archived from the original on 12 March 2007. Retrieved 20 January 2007.
  12. ^ "Immigration Nation: Part 3". YouTube. Archived from the original on 22 December 2020. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
  13. ^ a b Benns, Matthew (7 August 2015). "Deported: Nancy Prasad was the little girl who helped bring down the White Australia policy". Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 22 December 2020. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
  14. ISBN 9780868409894. Archived
    from the original on 22 December 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
  15. ^ "Collaborating for Indigenous Rights 1957–1973: Organisations - National Museum of Australia". National Museum of Australia. 2018. Archived from the original on 29 October 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
  16. ^ "Foundation for Aboriginal Affairs". Collaborating for Indigenous Rights. 2008. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
  17. The Dictionary of Sydney
    . Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  18. ^ a b c d e f "Charles Perkins AO, b. 1936". National Portrait Gallery. 2021. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  19. ISBN 978-1-4607-1483-6
    .
  20. ^
    Obituaries Australia
    . Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  21. ^ "Charles Perkins – Obituary". The Times. The Times Magazine. 20 August 2000. Archived from the original on 21 April 2012. Retrieved 19 July 2008 – via European Network for Indigenous Australian Rights.
  22. ^ "AFL: Charles Perkins brands AFL and ARL as racist". AAP. 24 May 2000. Retrieved 17 December 2008.[dead link]
  23. AIATSIS
    Library. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
  24. ^ a b Perkins, Charles (5 May 1998). "Charles Perkins". Australian Biography (Interview). Interviewed by Robin Hughes. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
  25. ISBN 0-521-80789-1
    .
  26. ^ "$2,000 fee on Perkins waived". The Canberra Times. Vol. 43, no. 12, 392. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 16 August 1969. p. 34. Retrieved 10 June 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  27. ^ "Soccer club faces censure over Perkins". The Canberra Times. Vol. 43, no. 12, 349. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 27 June 1969. p. 18. Retrieved 10 June 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  28. ^ "Perkins stunned by club's refusal to cut fee". The Canberra Times. Vol. 43, no. 12, 385. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 8 August 1969. p. 18. Retrieved 10 June 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  29. ^ "SPORTS SHORTS". Woroni. Vol. 22, no. 3. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 25 March 1970. p. 14. Retrieved 10 June 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  30. ^ "Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) entry for Perkins, Charles Nelson". Australian Honours Database. Canberra, Australia: Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 26 January 1987. Retrieved 9 March 2015. AO AD 87. For service to Aboriginal welfare
  31. ^ a b c d e f Smith, Mark J. (17 March 2019). "Charles Perkins: Australia's Nelson Mandela". Alice Springs News. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  32. Football Federation Australia. Archived from the original
    on 7 January 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2008.
  33. ^ "List of Treasures". National Trust. Archived from the original on 10 February 2007. Retrieved 18 December 2008.
  34. ^ "Hetty Perkins discusses kidney research fundraising". PM. ABC Radio. Archived from the original on 22 December 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
  35. ^ "Should you name a dead Aboriginal person?". Creative Spirits, Jens Korff. Archived from the original on 22 December 2020. Retrieved 18 December 2008.
  36. ^ "Dr Charles Perkins AO Annual Memorial Oration and Prize". University of Sydney. Archived from the original on 22 December 2020. Retrieved 18 December 2008.
  37. ^ "Funding for Indigenous Oxford scholarships (ABC News)". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 22 December 2020. Retrieved 9 November 2009.
  38. YouTube
  39. ^ "World first Charles Perkins Centre officially opens" (PDF) (Press release). Sydney Local Health District. 13 June 2014. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  40. ^ "Building starts on Charles Perkins Centre". ArchitectureAU. 24 March 2012. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  41. ^ "Aboriginal resources > Movies > Freedom Ride". Archived from the original on 25 November 2009. Retrieved 23 May 2009.
  42. ^ "Message Sticks, Australia's only Indigenous film festival celebrates its 10th anniversary" (Press release). Sydney Opera House. Archived from the original on 27 March 2012. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
  43. ABC News 24. Archived from the original
    on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 28 June 2019.

Further reading
Government offices
Preceded by
Secretary of the Department of Aboriginal Affairs

1984–1988 		Succeeded by
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