Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders

The Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders (CCMD; Chinese: 中国精神疾病分类方案与诊断标准), published by the Chinese Society of Psychiatry (CSP), is a clinical guide used in China for the diagnosis of mental disorders. It is on its third version, the CCMD-3, written in Chinese and English.

The current edition is very similar to the

The first published Chinese psychiatric classificatory scheme appeared in 1979. A revised classification system, the CCMD-1, was made available in 1981 and was further modified in 1984 (CCMD-2-R), 1989, and 1995. The CCMD-3 was published in 2001.[2]

At launch, the CCMD-3 was supplemented with the companion book "Treatment and Nursing of Mental Disorders Relevant to CCMD-3".^[1]

Many Chinese psychiatrists believed the CCMD had special advantages over other manuals, such as simplicity, stability, the inclusion of culture-distinctive categories, and the exclusion of certain Western diagnostic categories. The Chinese translation of the ICD-10 was seen as linguistically complicated, containing very long sentences, and awkward terms and syntax.^[2]

A 2014 study found that the ICD-10 was more commonly used by Chinese psychiatrists than the CCMD-3 or DSM-IV.^[3]

Diagnostic categories

The diagnosis of

The diagnosis of schizophrenia is included in the CCMD. It contains many similarities with its Western counterparts for diagnosis, like the duration of one month, as mentioned in the ICD-10. Some differences include two symptoms different from the ICD and DSM. These are improper affect and delusions, which can range in three different subcategories.^[4] It is applied quite readily and broadly in Chinese psychiatry.^{[citation needed]}

Some of the wordings of the diagnoses are different. For example, rather than

Diagnoses that are more specific to Chinese or Asian culture, though they may also be outlined in the ICD (or DSM glossary section), include:

• genitals
  (and also breasts in women) shrinking or drawing back into the body.
• Zou huo ru mo (走火入魔) or qigong deviation (氣功偏差): perception of uncontrolled flow of qi
  in the body.
• Mental disorders due to superstition or witchcraft.
• Travelling psychosis.