Chyhyryn
Chyhyryn
Чигирин | ||
---|---|---|
Country Ukraine | | |
Oblast | Cherkasy Oblast | |
Raion | Cherkasy Raion | |
Hromada | Chyhyryn urban hromada | |
City rights | 1592 | |
Government | ||
• Mayor | Serhiy Oleksiiovych Tymchenko | |
Area | ||
• Total | 14 km2 (5 sq mi) | |
Elevation | 124 m (407 ft) | |
Population (2022) | ||
• Total | 8,539 | |
• Density | 854/km2 (2,210/sq mi) | |
Postal code | 20900-20906 | |
Area code | +380 4730 |
Chyhyryn (Ukrainian: Чигирин, pronounced [tʃɪɦɪˈrɪn]; Polish: Czehryń, pronounced [ˈt͡ʂɛ.xrɨɲ]) is a city in Cherkasy Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, central Ukraine. It is located on Tiasmyn river not far where it enters Dnieper.
From 1648 to 1669, the city served as the residence of the hetman of the Zaporizhian Host. After a forced relocation of the Ruthenian Orthodox metropolitan see from Kyiv in 1658, it became a full-fledged capital of the Cossack Hetmanate. Among Metropolitans who served out of Chyhyryn were family of Tukalsky: Dionysius Balaban-Tukalskyi and Joseph Tukalskyi-Nelyubovych. Chyhyryn also became a traditional place for the appointment to the office of the hetman of the Zaporizhian Host.
Since the 17th century, the significance of the settlement was diminished to a semi-rural populated place. It hosts the administration of Chyhyryn urban hromada , one of the hromadas of Ukraine.[1] Population: 8,539 (2022 estimate).[2]
Names
Chyhyryn (Ukrainian: Чигирин; Turkish: Çigirin or Çehrin; Russian: Чигирин; Polish: Czehryń). On older maps it is often shown in Polish/Turkish-like transcription Czehrin (see Ch (digraph)).
History
The area (1320–1569) had been part of the
Chyhyryn is first mentioned as a fortified
In 1917 a congress of
During World War II, Chyhyryn was occupied by the German Army from August 7, 1941 to December 12, 1943.
In 1989 the population of the city was 12,853.[4]
Until 18 July 2020, Chyhyryn served as an administrative center of Chyhyryn Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Cherkasy Oblast to four. The area of Chyhyryn Raion was merged into Cherkasy Raion.[5][6]
Population
Language
Distribution of the population by native language according to the 2001 census:[7]
Language | Percentage |
---|---|
Ukrainian | 93.14% |
Russian | 5.37% |
other/undecided | 1.49% |
Geography
Location
The city is on the banks of
Climate
Climate data for Chyhyryn (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −0.9 (30.4) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
5.5 (41.9) |
14.4 (57.9) |
21.3 (70.3) |
24.3 (75.7) |
26.3 (79.3) |
25.9 (78.6) |
20.0 (68.0) |
13.0 (55.4) |
5.0 (41.0) |
0.4 (32.7) |
12.9 (55.2) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −3.5 (25.7) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
1.7 (35.1) |
9.4 (48.9) |
15.9 (60.6) |
19.2 (66.6) |
21.2 (70.2) |
20.4 (68.7) |
14.9 (58.8) |
8.8 (47.8) |
2.3 (36.1) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
8.8 (47.8) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −6.1 (21.0) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
4.8 (40.6) |
10.4 (50.7) |
14.3 (57.7) |
16.1 (61.0) |
15.0 (59.0) |
10.4 (50.7) |
5.4 (41.7) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
4.9 (40.8) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 34.4 (1.35) |
32.9 (1.30) |
35.5 (1.40) |
36.7 (1.44) |
49.7 (1.96) |
77.1 (3.04) |
65.2 (2.57) |
54.2 (2.13) |
55.9 (2.20) |
42.1 (1.66) |
39.4 (1.55) |
37.0 (1.46) |
560.1 (22.05) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 7.4 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 8.5 | 7.1 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 5.7 | 6.8 | 7.4 | 84.3 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
83.5 | 80.8 | 76.6 | 66.9 | 63.2 | 68.0 | 68.0 | 66.4 | 71.9 | 76.9 | 84.0 | 85.1 | 74.3 |
Source: World Meteorological Organization[8] |
Landmarks
The Trinity Monastery, built near Chyhyryn in 1627, was later destroyed by the Soviet authorities. Other historical landmarks, such as the town hall and Khmelnytsky's palace, did not survive either. After Ukraine regained independence, Hetman's residence was restored and became a museum.
Notable people
- Georgy Danilov, linguist
- Bohdan Khmelnytsky, hetman
- Kateryna Yushchenko, scientist
International relations
Twin towns — Sister cities
Chyhyryn is
City | Country | Year of Signing |
---|---|---|
Sebastopol, California | United States | 1993 |
Gallery
-
Main square of Chyhyryn
-
Entrance of the restored Bohdan Khmelnytskyi residence
-
Bohdan Khmelnytskyi residence
-
St. Peter and St. Paul Church in Chyhyryn
-
A statue near the church
-
View of Chyhyryn from the city's Castle Hill
-
Remnants of Chyhyryn Fortress on the Castle Hill (reconstructed)
-
Bohdan Khmelnytskyi monument in Chyhyryn
See also
- Perevolochna, former fortress on Dnieper
References
- ^ "Чигиринська територіальна громада" (in Ukrainian). decentralization.gov.ua.
- ^ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
- ^ Gembarzewski, Bronisław (1925). Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831 (in Polish). Warszawa: Towarzystwo Wiedzy Wojskowej. pp. 10, 12.
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность городского населения союзных республик, их территориальных единиц, городских поселений и городских районов по полу
- ^ "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ". Голос України (in Ukrainian). 2020-07-18. Retrieved 2020-10-03.
- ^ "Нові райони: карти + склад" (in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України.
- ^ "Рідні мови в об'єднаних територіальних громадах України".
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981–2010". World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
External links
- Chyhyryn in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine
- Soviet topographic map 1:100,000
- Media related to Chyhyryn at Wikimedia Commons