Ciechanów
Ciechanów | ||
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Car plates WCI | | |
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Voivodeship roads | ||
Website | www.umciechanow.pl |
Ciechanów
History
The settlement is first mentioned in a 1065 document by Bolesław II the Bold handing the land over to the church. The medieval gord in Ciechanów numbered approximately 3,000 armed men,[2] and together with the region of Mazovia, it became part of the emerging Polish state in the late 10th century.
In 1254, Ciechanów is mentioned as the seat of a
In the period between the 14th and 16th centuries, Ciechanów prospered with the population reaching 5,000. In the late 14th century,
In 1526, together with all Mazovia, Ciechanów was incorporated directly to the
The town was handed over to Bona Sforza, as her dowry. Ciechanów prospered until the Swedish invasion of Poland (1655-1660), when the town was burned and ransacked.
After the
During the Polish–Soviet War, in 1920, the town was briefly occupied by the Soviet Russians, who resorted to rape and looting of stores, houses and schools.[6] The one remaining Catholic priest was harassed by the occupiers, however, thanks to the intercession of the local population, he avoided deportation or death.[7] 150 Polish soldiers were hid from the Russians by the local Jews in the synagogue.[8] Some local socialists and intelligentsia joined the occupation structures for diversionary purposes, and when the Polish army reached the city again on August 15, 1920, they immediately disarmed several hundred Soviets.[9]
In the
World War II
Ciechanów was captured by the
Poles were also subjected to
Before
On January 17, 1945, Ciechanów was captured from Nazi Germany by the Red Army, and was restored to Poland after the war.
Demographics
Detailed data as of 31 December 2021:[1]
Description | All | Women | Men | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unit | person | percentage | person | percentage | person | percentage |
Population | 43495 | 100 | 22757 | 52.3% | 20738 | 47.7% |
Population density | 1337.9 | 700.0 | 637.9 |
Number of inhabitants by year
Year | Population | Source |
---|---|---|
1995 | 46813 | [1] |
2000 | 46564 | |
2005 | 45947 | |
2010 | 45548 | |
2015 | 44506 | |
2020 | 43883 | |
2021 | 43495 |
Monuments and sights
- Castle of the Mazovian Dukes from the 14th century, alongside the Łydynia river
- Farska Hill – fortified settlement from the 7th century with a Neo-Gothicbelfry from the 19th century
- Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary, Late Gothic building from the 16th century
- Monastery Augustinian Church from the 16th and 18th centuries
- City Hall from the 19th century
- Muzeum Szlachty Mazowieckiej (Museum of Mazovian Nobility)
- Parish cemetery which has functioned since 1828
- Krzywa Hala, central building of the housing estate Bloki, built in 1942-1943 during the German Occupation of Poland
- Park Nauki Torus ("Torus Science Park") with the hyperboloid water tower, built in 1972
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Ciechanów Castle
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Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary
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Augustinian Church
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Town Hall
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Belfry on Farska Góra
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Museum of Mazovian Nobility
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Krzywa Hala
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Torus Science Park
Economy
The Browar Ciechan brewery is located in the town.
Education
- Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa
- Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu i Zarządzania
Transport
Through the town are leading two national roads, numbered 50 and 60; and three voivodship roads, numbered 615, 616, 617. Just 25 km away to the West there is the national road number 7, a part of the E77 European route.
The Ciechanów railway station is on the Warsaw - Gdańsk railway, however the Warsaw - Gdańsk - Gdynia express train, colloquially referred as 'Pendolino', does not stop here. Other trains offer connections to Warsaw, Olsztyn, Gdańsk, Gdynia, Kołobrzeg, Kraków and Łódź.
Sports
Ciechanów is home to handball club Jurand Ciechanów , which competes in the I liga (Polish second tier), and to football club MKS Ciechanów , which competes in the lower divisions.
Notable people
- Jan Kazimierz Krasiński (1607–1669), Polish official and nobleman, royal secretary of Polish King Sigismund III Vasa
- Ludwik Krasiński (1609–1644), Polish royal courtier and official
- Zygmunt Krasiński (1812–1859), Polish poet, considered one of Poland's Three Bards
- Maria Konopnicka (1842–1910), Polish poet and novelist
- Aleksander Świętochowski (1849–1938), Polish writer, educator, and philosopher
- Stefan Żeromski (1864–1925), Polish novelist and dramatist
- Ignacy Mościcki (1867–1946), Polish chemist, politician, and President of Poland
- Roza Robota (1921–1945), Polish-Jewish resistance member during World War II
- Mieczysław Jagielski (1924–1997), Polish politician and economist
- Zbigniew Siemiątkowski (born 1957), Polish politician
- Dorota Rabczewska (Doda) (born 1984), Polish singer-songwriter
- Kasia Struss (born 1987), Polish model
- Quebonafide (born 1991), Polish rapper
- Adam Morawski (born 1994), Polish handball player, member of the Polish national handball team
- Ania Ahlborn, Polish-American novelist
- Maciej Dobrzyński (born 2007), Polish activist
International relations
Twin towns – Sister cities
Ciechanów is
References
- ^ a b c d "Local Data Bank". Statistics Poland. Retrieved July 13, 2022. Data for territorial unit 1402011.
- ^ Bogusław Gierlach, Zapiski Ciechanowskie, vol. II p. 9-12, MOBN Ciechanów 1977; and Studia nad archeologią średniowiecznego Mazowsza, Warsaw 1975, p. 24)
- ^ W. Górczyk, Ciechanów- Lokacja i Geneza herbu, In Tempore, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika,s.3. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on January 23, 2012. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Górczyk, Wojciech Jerzy. "Lokacja Ciechanowa". Notatki Płockie.Towarzystwo Naukowe Płockie.
- ^ a b Górczyk, Wojciech Jerzy. "Augustianie w Ciechanowie. Zarys dziejów konwentu do kasaty w 1864 r." Notatki Płockie.
- ISSN 1427-1443.
- ^ Szczepański, p. 22
- ^ Szczepański, p. 43
- ^ Szczepański, pp. 29, 38
- ^ Jan Grabowski; Zbigniew R. Grabowski (2004). Germans in the Eyes of the Gestapo: The Ciechanów District, 1939–1945. Cambridge University Press: Contemporary European History, No 13. pp. 21–43; page 25: "The majority of the Poles and Jews of the Regierungsbezirk Zichenau were perceived by the Nazi authorities as undesirable elements, and were to be resettled and, eventually, annihilated."
- ^ a b Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 112.
- ^ Wardzyńska (2009), p. 122
- ^ Wardzyńska (2009), p. 226
- ^ Wardzyńska (2009), p. 236
- ^ Wardzyńska (2009), p. 228, 231
- ISBN 978-83-8098-174-4.
- ^ Wardzyńska (2017), p. 405
- ^ "Arbeitserziehungslager Zichenau". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved September 7, 2021.
- ^ D.P. (February 13, 2007). "Międzynarodowy Dzień Ofiar Holokaustu: Zagłada ciechanowskich Żydów". Historia. Tygodnik Ciechanowski. Retrieved June 15, 2013.
- ^ a b c d e "Ciechanów Twin towns". Urząd Miasta Ciechanów. Archived from the original on July 29, 2013. Retrieved July 29, 2013.
- ^ "Ville de Meudon – Villes jumelles". Ville de Meudon. Archived from the original on May 7, 2013. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
External links
- Wojciech Górczyk, Ciechanów – zarys dziejów do XV w., Kultura i Historia, Uniwersytet Marii Curie Skłodowskiej w lublinie,19/2011, ISSN 1642-9826
- Official homepage
- Architecture of Ciechanow (only in Polish)
- Czas Ciechanowa (Local weekly magazine, local press)
- Jewish Community in Ciechanów on Virtual Shtetl
- Ciechanów city forum
- Ciechanow website www.ciechanowonline.pl - all you need to know about Ciechanow, including a contemporary gallery of the city Archived November 23, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
- Site dedicated to preserving the memory of Ciechanów's Jewish community, including an English translation of the memorial book
- Website of Ciechanow City www.eciechanow.pl – City news, history of Ciechanow, information where you can eat, sleep and dance
- Castle of the Dukes of Mazovia in Ciechanów (en)
- Museum of the Mazovian Nobility (en)