Cinema of Palestine
Cinema of Palestine | |
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No. of screens | 2 (2007)[1] |
• Per capita | 0.1 per 100,000 (2007)[1] |
Number of admissions (2007)[2] | |
Total | 64,026 |
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Cinema of Palestine is relatively young in comparison to Arab cinema as a whole.[citation needed] Palestinian films are not exclusively produced in Arabic and some are even produced in English and French.[3] Elia Suleiman has emerged as one of the most notable working Palestinian directors.[4]
Name
In contrast to the way some other locations with associations to film industry are named in casual parlance, Palestinian cinematic film producers aren't said[according to whom?] to be part of 'Pallywood' as that word is used in reference to a term of propaganda.
History
The first period: The beginning, 1935–1948
The first Palestinian film to be made is generally believed to be a documentary on King
The second period: The epoch of silence, 1948–1967
The 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight (known in Arabic as the Nakba) had a devastating effect on Palestinian society, including its nascent film industry. Cinematic endeavours, requiring infrastructure, professional crews, and finance, nearly ceased for two decades.[10] Individual Palestinian participated in the film-production of neighbouring countries. It is reported that Sirhan was involved with the production of the first Jordanian feature film, The Struggle in Jarash (1957), and another Palestinian, Abdallah Ka'wash, directed the second Jordanian feature film, My Homeland, My Love, in 1964.[11]
The third period: Cinema in exile, 1968–1982
After 1967, Palestinian cinema found itself under the auspices of the
The film archives disappearance, 1982
Different organisations set up archives for Palestinian films. The largest such archive was run by PLO's Film Foundation/Palestinian Film Unit. In 1982, when the PLO was forced out of Beirut, the archive was put into storage (in the Red Crescenty Hospital), from where it "disappeared" under circumstances which are still unclear.[14] Recently, several films from the archive were located in the Israel Defense Forces Archive in Tel HaShomer by scholar and curator Rona Sela.[15] Sela has called for the release of these films, and for the declassification of other Palestinian films that remain closed in the IDF Archive.[16]
The fourth period: The return home, from 1980 to the present
The 1996
An international effort was launched in 2008 to reopen Cinema Jenin, a cinema located in the Jenin Refugee Camp.
In 2008, three Palestinian feature films and an estimated eight shorts were completed, more than ever before.[21]
In 2010, Hamas, the governing authority in the Gaza Strip, announced the completion of a new film. Titled The Great Liberation, the film depicts the destruction of Israel by Palestinians.[22]
Currently in the Gaza Strip, all film projects must be approved by Hamas' Culture Ministry before they can be screened in public. Independent filmmakers have claimed that the Culture Ministry cracks down on content not conforming to Hamas edicts. In a notable 2010 case, Hamas banned the short film Something Sweet, directed by Khalil al-Muzzayen, which was submitted at the Cannes Film Festival. Hamas banned it from being shown locally due to a four-second scene where a woman is shown with her hair uncovered. In 2011, a film festival hosted by the Gaza Women's Affairs Center included documentaries and fictional pieces on women's issues, but the Culture Ministry censored numerous scenes. One film had to remove a scene where a woman lowered one shoulder of her dress, and another had to remove a scene of a man swearing.[23]
Films from Palestine have been broadcast internationally through services such as Netflix.[24]
Notable directors
- Yahya Barakat
- Azza El-Hassan
- Hany Abu-Assad
- Mohammed Almughanni
- Mahdi Fleifel
- Scandar Copti
- Mustafa Abu Ali
- Mohammed Bakri
- Tarek Al Eryan
- Annemarie Jacir
- Michel Khleifi
- Rashid Masharawi
- Mai Masri
- Montaser Marai
- Rosalind Nashashibi
- Ali Nassar
- Mohammad Al-Sawalma
- Hazim Bitar
- Elia Suleiman
- Leila Sansour
- Refat Adi
- Sameh Zoabi
- Tawfik Abu Wael
- Ameen Nayfeh
- Mohammad Shihadeh Hmedat
- Najwa Najjar
- Hisham Zreiq
Notable films
- A World Not Ours Alam laysa lana
- They Don't Exist Coming Home: Palestinian Cinema
- Wedding in Galilee (1987) (International Critics Prize, Cannes),
- Tale of the Three Jewels (1994)
- Chronicle of a Disappearance (1996) (“Luigi De Laurentiis” Award for a Debut Film at the 1996 Venice Film Festival)
- Divine Intervention (2002).
- Olive Harvest, The (2003)
- Arna's Children (2003)
- Jeremy Hardy vs. the Israeli Army (2004)
- Women in Struggle (2004)
- Waiting (2005)
- Golden Globe for Best Foreign Language Filmwinner)
- The Color of Olives (2006)
- Iron Wall (2006)
- Goal Dreams (2006)
- First Picture (2006)
- The Sons of Eilaboun (2007)
- Maria's Grotto (2007) (Silver Muhr Award, Dubai International Film Festival)
- Kaffa! (2007) (Silver Award for Short Film, Cairo International TV and Media Festival)(Gold Award for Best Script, Tunis International TV and Media Festival)
- Salt of this Sea (2008)
- Taste the Revolution (2008)
- The View (2008) (Best Short Film ($75,000), Middle East International Film Festival)
- Till When? (2008) (Officially selected in Cergy Pontoise Film Festival in Paris, Honorable Mention in Digicon 6 Festival in Tokyo)
- Spider Web (2009)
- Beyond the Sun (2010) (Audience Choice, Bagdad International Film Festival)
- cup final (1991) takes place during the Israeli invasion of Lebanon.
- The Uppercut (2012) A Short Documentary Shot in Jordan Telling a Story of a Slum Kickboxing Club
- Solomon's Stone (film) (2015)
- No Other Land (2024) (Berlinale Documentary Film Award and Panorama Audience Award for Best Documentary Film, the 74th Berlin International Film Festival)[25][26]
Notable film festivals
A
B
- Mostra de Cinema Àrab i Mediterrani de Catalunya (Arab and Mediterranean Film Festival of Catalonia) – Barcelona
- Boston Palestine Film Festival
- Muestra de Cine Palestino de Buenos Aires (Buenos Aires Palestine Film Festival)
C
D
H
K
L
M
- Muestra de Cine Palestino de Madrid (Madrid Palestine Film Festival)
- Mizna's Twin Cities Arab Film Festival
- Festival Cinéma Méditerranéen Montpellier (Montpellier Mediterranean Film Festival)
R
- Al-Kasaba International Film Festival Al- Kasaba International Film Festival, in Ramallah, West Bank
S
- Muestra de Cine Palestino de Santiago (Santiago Palestine Film Festival)
- Muestra de Cine Palestino de Sevilla (Sevilla Palestine Film Festival)
- Singapore Palestine Film Festival
T
See also
References
- ^ a b "Table 8: Cinema Infrastructure - Capacity". UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
- ^ "Table 11: Exhibition - Admissions & Gross Box Office (GBO)". UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
- ^ "Palestine Film Foundation". palestinefilm.org. Archived from the original on June 12, 2008.
- ^ Brooks, Xan (12 April 2006). "Xan Brooks on Palestinian directors". the Guardian. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- ^ a b Gertz and Khleifi, p. 13
- ^ Dabashi (2006), p. 9
- ^ Khaled Elayya: A Brief History of Palestinian Cinema Archived 2014-02-21 at the Wayback Machine, This week in Palestine
- ^ Gertz and Khleifi, p. 13-14
- ^ List of Irgun attacks
- ^ Gertz and Khleifi, p. 19
- ^ Gertz and Khleifi, p. 20
- ^ Joseph Massad: The weapon of Culture: Cinema in the Palestinian liberation struggle. Ch . 2 in Dabashi (2006), p. 33, 36
- ^ Gertz and Khleifi, p. 20-30
- ^ Gertz and Khleifi, p. 28-30
- S2CID 149169819.
- S2CID 149369385.
- All Movie Guide. Accessed June 7, 2009.
- ^ Chronicle of a Disappearance. Artforum. Summer, 1997.
- Imdb.comAccessed June 7, 2009.
- ^ Gertz and Khleifi, p. 30-34
- ^ "Palestinian filmmakers beat the odds to hit silver screen". Edition.cnn.com. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- ^ "Gaza-made film shows Israel's destruction by Palestinians". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 2010-09-14. Retrieved 2023-11-28.
- ^ "Gaza filmmakers decry Hamas censorship". Ynetnews. 19 August 2011. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- ^ "Watch Salt of This Sea | Netflix". www.netflix.com. Retrieved 2024-03-27.
- ^ "Berlinale Documentary Award and Jury". www.berlinale.de. Retrieved 2024-03-16.
- ^ Goodfellow, Melanie (2024-01-17). "Berlinale Unveils Full Panorama, Forum & Generation Line-Ups With New Films By Nathan Silver, Levan Akin, André Téchiné & Bruce LaBruce". Deadline. Retrieved 2024-03-16.
- ^ "Poppies of Palestine Film Festival - Kuwait". 248am. Retrieved 21 May 2021.
Further reading
- Rapfogel, Jared: A Report of Dreams of a Nation - A Palestinian Film Festival, January 24–27, 2003, Senses of Cinema.
- Palestinian film festival planned, 18 May 2004, BBC
- Dabashi, Hamid: For a Fistful of Dust: A Passage to Palestine, 23–29 September 2004, Al-Ahram
- Film Jan. 14, 2006, IMEU,
- Kemp, Rebecca: “Interviews with Palestinian Filmmakers”, 6 Degrees Film, Fall 2006
- Rastegar, Kamran, "Palestine Only Exists in Cinema", Bidoun Magazine, Issue 8, Vol. 1, Fall 2006
- Provan, Alexander (February 2007). "Requesting Permission to Narrate: Dreams of a Nation: On Palestinian Cinema". Stop Smiling Magazine. Archived from the original on October 24, 2007. Retrieved 2007-04-09.
- Annemarie Jacir: Coming Home: Palestinian Cinema, 27 February 2007, The Electronic Intifada
- Khaled Elayya: A Brief History of Palestinian Cinema, This week in Palestine
- Khadija Habshneh: Palestinian Revolution Cinema Archived 2012-02-07 at the Wayback Machine, This week in Palestine
- Nana Asfour: Reclaiming Palestine, One Film at a Time, Cineaste Magazine, Vol. XXXIV, No. 3, Summer 2009
- Nana Asfour: Cineaste Magazine - Articles - The Time That Remains and Zindeeq (Web Exclusive) The Time That Remains and Zindeeq, Cineaste Magazine, Web Exclusive, Copyright © 2011 by Cineaste Publishers, Inc.
- ISBN 1-84467-088-0
- ISBN 0-253-22007-6
External links
- Dreams of a Nation, an independent project founded to provide resources and information on Palestinian cinema. Based at Columbia University, United States.
- Palestinian Film: News and Reviews at IMEU.net
- Review of a film that explores the story of the lost archives of the PLO film unit
- History and Trends in Palestinian Filmmaking
- Finding aid to the Palestinian Films Collection, 1976-2008, at Columbia University. Rare Book & Manuscript Library.