Cinema of Togo
Cinema in Togo began with German colonial filmmakers visiting
Cinema in the colonial period
The amateur filmmaker Carl Müller filmed Lomé in 1906,[1] touring Germany with his films on his return. More systematic encouragement to colonial filming of Togoland was provided by the explorer Adolf Friedrich,[2] colonial governor of Togoland from 1912 to 1914. Wilhelm Solf's 1913 visit to the colony was filmed and distributed in Europe.[3] Hans Schomburgk first visited Togo in 1913–14, working with the British cameraman James S. Hodgson and the actress Meg Gehrts. Though the outbreak of World War I led to most of their material being confiscated and lost, Schomburgk had enough material to release a series of short films in 1916–17. Schomburgk's Im Deutschen Sudan (In the German Sudan) was a feature-length 1917 documentary, used for colonial propaganda.[4]
French colonial law did not initially regulate film production and distribution. In 1932 the French colonial administrator
Cinema post-independence
The 1970s were "a great period for Togolese cinema", according to cultural administrator Komi Ati: the post-independence government encouraged cinema, establishing the Service du Cinéma et des Actualités Audiovisuelles (CINEATO) in 1976 to make newsreels and documentaries. However, Togolese cinema suffered a setback in 1993, when the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie withdrew all their funding for ten years. Cinemas and distribution companies closed down.[6]
Contemporary growth
The Togolese film sector is relatively small and undeveloped, and struggles with postcolonial dilemmas of representation. However, it has recently started to grow in self-confidence.
References
- ISBN 978-1-78238-698-8.
- ISBN 978-0-415-23440-5.
- ISBN 978-1-78238-698-8.
- ISBN 978-1-78238-698-8.
- ISBN 978-0-253-01011-7.
- ISBN 978-1-351-74758-5.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-59884-666-9.
- ^ Beti Ellerson, Christelle Aquéréburu, Directrice de l’ECRAN - Ecole de cinéma au Togo | Director of ECRAN film school in Togo, 15 April 2014
- ^ Amelia Nakitimbo, Togolese film industry back on the international scene