Cinquecento
The cultural and artistic events of Italy during the period 1500 to 1599 are collectively referred to as the Cinquecento (/ˌtʃɪŋkwɪˈtʃɛntoʊ/,[1][2][3] Italian: [ˌtʃiŋkweˈtʃɛnto]), from the Italian for the number 500, in turn from millecinquecento, which is Italian for the year 1500. Cinquecento encompasses the styles and events of the High Italian Renaissance, and Mannerism.
Art
Especially in Northern Italy, artists began to use new techniques in the manipulation of light and darkness, such as the tone contrast evident in many of
The period known as the
High Renaissance painting evolved into Mannerism (c. 1520–1580), especially in Florence. Mannerist artists, who consciously rebelled against the principles of High Renaissance, tend to represent elongated figures in illogical spaces.[7] Contemporaries criticized this period as seeming artificial. Modern scholarship has recognized the capacity of Mannerist art to convey strong (often religious) emotion where the High Renaissance failed to do so. Some of the main artists of this period are Pontormo, Rosso Fiorentino, Parmigianino and Giulio Romano.
After 1580, the Carracci brothers,
Music
The music of Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina is probably the most archetypical Cinquecento music.[9] He simplified some of the complexities of the music of the time, and advocated a more homophonic style. He was partially reacting to the strictures of the Council of Trent, which discouraged excessively complex polyphony as inhibiting understanding the text. He was the foremost member of the Roman School, a group of composers of predominantly church music, in Rome, spanning the late Renaissance into early Baroque eras. Many of the composers had a direct connection to the Vatican and the papal chapel, though they worked at several churches, stylistically they are often contrasted with the Venetian School of composers, a concurrent movement which was much more progressive.
In
In the late 16th century, as the Renaissance era closes, an extremely manneristic style develops. In secular music, especially in the madrigal, there was a trend towards complexity and even extreme chromaticism (as exemplified in madrigals of Luzzaschi, Marenzio, and Gesualdo). The term mannerism derives from art history.
Literature
The most famous works of the
Architecture
It was the result of the revival of classic architecture known as
See also
- Duecento – the 13th century in Italian culture
- Trecento – the 14th century in Italian culture
- Quattrocento – the 15th century in Italian culture
- Seicento – the 17th century in Italian culture
- Settecento – the 18th century in Italian culture
- Ottocento – the 19th century in Italian culture
- Novecento - the 20th century in Italian culture
References
- ^ "cinquecento" (US) and "cinquecento". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 2020-12-02.
- ^ "cinquecento". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). HarperCollins. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
- ^ "cinquecento". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
- ^ "GLI ECHI DI LEONARDO E GIORGIONE NEL PAESAGGIO IDEALISTA E SIMBOLISTA IN ITALIA. DALLA TRADIZIONE ALL'ASTRAZIONE" (PDF) (in Italian). Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- ^ "Sandro Botticelli, vita e opere dell'artista simbolo del Rinascimento" (in Italian). Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- ^ "Il Rinascimento maturo a Firenze. Leonardo, Michelangelo, Raffaello, stili, temi" (in Italian). Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- ^ "Manierismo" (in Italian). Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- ^ "Caravaggio" (in Italian). Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- ^ "Palestrina, Giovanni Pierluigi da" (in Italian). Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- ^ "Andrea e Giovanni Gabrieli" (in Italian). Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- ^ public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Cinque Cento". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 377. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
External links
- The dictionary definition of cinquecento at Wiktionary