Cishan culture
Hanyu Pinyin | Císhān wénhuà |
36°42′N 114°12′E / 36.7°N 114.2°E
The Cishan culture (6500–5000 BC) was a
Common artifacts from the Cishan culture include stone grinders, stone sickles and tripod pottery. The sickle blades feature fairly uniform serrations, which made the harvesting of grain easier. Cord markings, used as decorations on the pottery, was more common compared to neighboring cultures. Also, the Cishan potters created a broader variety of pottery forms such as basins, pot supports, serving stands, and drinking cups.
Since the culture shared many similarities with its southern neighbor, the Peiligang culture, both cultures were sometimes previously referred to together as the Cishan-Peiligang culture or Peiligang-Cishan culture. The Cishan culture also shared several similarities with its eastern neighbor, the Beixin culture. However, the contemporary consensus among archaeologists is that the Cishan people were members of a distinct culture that shared many characteristics with its neighbors.[5]
This culture has been linked to the origin of the Sino-Tibetan language family.[6]
Cishan type site
The type site at Cishan is located in Wu'an, Hebei, China on a low elevation mesa. The site covers an area of around 80,000 m2 (861,113 sq ft). The houses at Cishan were semi-subterranean and round. The site showed evidence of domesticated pigs, dogs and chickens, with pigs providing the primary source of meat. The Cishan people hunted deer and wild boar. Nuts (Juglans regia and Corylus heterophylla), Celtis bungeana,[7] wild apricots and pears, and various roots and tubers were foraged from the surrounding forests. Fish was also an important part of the diet at Cishan, specifically carp and herring from the nearby river; fishing nets made from hemp fibers were used.
Over 500 subterranean
See also
- List of Neolithic cultures of China
- Dadiwan culture
- Prehistoric Beifudi site
Notes
- ^ Liu & Chen 2012, p. 133.
- PMID 19383791.
- ^ Liu & Chen 2012, p. 84.
- ^ Liu & Chen 2012, pp. 84, 133–134.
- ^ Zhu 2013.
- ^ a b Sagart et al. (2019), pp. 10319–10320.
- ^ Liu & Chen 2012, p. 134.
References
- ISBN 0-300-09382-9
- ISBN 0-521-56505-7
- ISBN 978-0-521-64310-8.
- Zhu, Yanping (2013). "The Early Neolithic in the Central Yellow River Valley, c. 7000–4000 BC". In Underhill, Anne P. (ed.). A Companion to Chinese Archaeology. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 171–193. ISBN 978-1-4443-3529-3.
- PMID 31061123.
- "Origin of Sino-Tibetan language family revealed by new research". ScienceDaily (Press release). May 6, 2019.