Municipal corporation
A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs.[1] The term can also be used to describe municipally owned corporations.[1][2][3]
Municipal corporation as local self-government
Municipal incorporation occurs when such
]Canada
In Canada, charters are granted by provincial authorities.
India
The Greater Chennai Corporation is the oldest municipal corporation in the world outside the United Kingdom.[4]
Ireland
The title "corporation" was used in
After the Partition of Ireland, the corporations in the Irish Free State were Dublin, Cork, Limerick and Waterford (county boroughs) and Drogheda, Kilkenny, Sligo, Clonmel, and Wexford (non-county boroughs). Dún Laoghaire gained borough status in 1930 as "The Corporation of Dun Laoghaire".[6] Galway's borough status, lost in 1840, was restored in 1937; it was formally styled "the Mayor, Aldermen and Burgesses of the Borough of Galway",[7] but referred to as "the Corporation".[8]
New Zealand
The New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 allowed municipal corporations to be established within the new Provinces of New Zealand. The term fell out of favour following the abolition of the Provinces in 1876.[9]
United Kingdom
The
The corporations of the burghs of Scotland were similar in origin and were reformed or replaced in the nineteenth century before being abolished by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973. The Irish borough corporations within what is now Northern Ireland were reformed by the Municipal Corporations (Ireland) Act 1840 and Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 and replaced by the Local Government Act (Northern Ireland) 1972.
United States
Municipal corporations as enterprises
According to one definition of the term, municipal corporations are "organisations with independent corporate status, managed by an executive board appointed primarily by local government officials, and with majority public ownership".[1] Some such corporations rely on revenue from user fees, distinguishing them from agencies and special districts funded through taxation,[2] although this is not always the case.[1] Such municipal corporations result from a process of "externalization", and require different skills and orientations from the respective local governments, and follow common changes[clarification needed] in the institutional landscape of public services.[3] They are argued to be more efficient than government bureaucracies, but have higher failure rates because of their legal and managerial autonomy.[1]
See also
References
- ^ hdl:2066/176125.
- ^ S2CID 154709321.
- ^ S2CID 153354582.
- ^ "The first corporation". The Hindu. Chennai. 2003-04-02. Archived from the original on 2004-01-28. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
- ^ "Local Government Act, 2001". Irish Statute Book. p. §11(3), §11(4), Schedule 2. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
- ^ "Local Government (Dublin) Act, 1930, Section 3". Irish Statute Book. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
- ^ "Local Government (Galway) Act, 1937, Section 3". Irish Statute Book. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
- ^ "Local Government (Galway) Act, 1937, Section 2". Irish Statute Book. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
- ^ "New Zealand Constitution Act 1852". Victoria University of Wellington - New Zealand Electronic Text Collection. 30 June 1852. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
External links
Municipal incorporation
- "Characteristics and State Requirements for Incorporated Places" - United States Census
Municipal disincorporation/dissolution
- "Municipal Disincorporation in California" - California City Finance