Cladoxylopsida
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Cladoxylopsida Temporal range:
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Wattieza | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Division: | Pteridophyta (?) |
Class: | †Cladoxylopsida Novák (1930) |
Orders | |
The cladoxylopsids are an extinct group of
They had a central trunk, from the top of which several lateral branches were attached. Fossils of these plants originate in the
Cladoxylopsida contains two orders. The order Hyeniales is now included in Pseudosporochnales.[2]
Intact fossils of the Middle Devonian cladoxylopsid Wattieza show it to have been a tree, the earliest identified in the fossil record as of 2007. In 2019, experts from Cardiff University, UK; Binghamton University and the New York State Museum discovered more fossils of Cladoxylopsida and Archaeopteris in a quarry in Cairo, New York.[3]
A recent (2017) discovery in Xinjiang in China of early Late Devonian (Frasnian, ca. 374 Ma) silicified fossil cladoxylopsid tree trunks (diameter up to c.70 cm) with preserved cellular anatomy showed an internal arrangement with many xylem bundles in the outer part and none in the interior; each bundle was surrounded by its own cambium layer, by which the tree's trunk widened.[4][5][6]
References
- ^ "Introduction to the Cladoxylopsida". University of California Museum of Paleontology. Archived from the original on November 5, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2022.
- ISBN 978-0-12-373972-8, p. 387-401, 1028
- ^ Foster, Laura (Dec 19, 2019). "World's oldest fossil trees uncovered in New York". BBC News Online. Retrieved Dec 19, 2019.
- PMID 29078324.
- ^ https://www.cardiff.ac.uk/news/view/981090-worlds-oldest-and-most-complex-trees (with image of trunk cross-section)
- ^ "Prehistoric tree mystery baffles scientists". 2017-10-23.
- Stein, William E.; Mannolini, Frank; Hernick, Linda Vanaller; Landing, Ed; Berry, Christopher M. (2007). "Giant cladoxylopsid trees resolve the enigma of the Earth's earliest forest stumps at Gilboa". Nature. 446 (7138): 904–907. S2CID 2575688.
External links
Media related to Cladoxylopsida at Wikimedia Commons Links with images: