Climate of China
Owing to tremendous differences in latitude, longitude, and altitude, the climate of China is extremely diverse. It ranges from
Sanbao Township in Xinjiang currently holds the highest recorded temperature in China, at 52.2 °C (126.0 °F) on 16 July 2023.[1][2] Mohe City, Heilongjiang, holds the record for the lowest temperature in China, at −53.0 °C (−63.4 °F) on 22 January 2023.[3][4]
Overview
Temperature
The northern extremities of both
In summer, temperatures can be very hot and humid, and the cities of Chongqing, Wuhan, and Nanjing are sometimes referred to as the Three Furnaces (simplified Chinese: 三大火炉; traditional Chinese: 三大火爐; pinyin: sān dà huǒlú).[9] Other cities are also known by this name.[10] Even so, the hottest temperatures nationwide are recorded in the Turpan Depression, where the climate is much drier and temperatures often exceed 40 °C (104 °F).[11][12]
Permafrost can be found at high elevations in the Tibetan Plateau and the Tian Shan mountains,[13][14] as well as other mountainous areas in Northern China.[14]
Precipitation
In the winter, northern winds coming from high-latitude areas are cold and dry, while in summer, southern winds from coastal areas at lower latitudes are warm and moist.
Typhoons and flooding
During the wet season, typhoons and heavy rainfall can cause rivers to flood. The
Tornadoes
Tornadoes occur frequently across China. Over 400 are recorded each year, with some reaching EF3 intensity. On June 23rd, 2016, a violent EF4 tornado ripped through the city of Yancheng in Jiangsu, killing 98 people and injuring 846, many of them critically.[49][50] Tornadoes occur most frequently in the eastern regions of China, but activity is also prevalent in the southern and central regions.[51]
Sunshine
Annual sunshine duration ranges from less than 1,000 hours in parts of Sichuan and Chongqing[52] to over 3,000 hours in parts of Xinjiang and Qinghai, including Golmud.[53] Some areas of Tibet, including Lhasa, are also sunny. Seasonal patterns in sunshine vary considerably by region, but overall, the north and the Tibetan Plateau are sunnier than the south of the country. In some cities in southern China, such as Hong Kong, spring is the cloudiest season and autumn is the sunniest.[54]
Environmental issues
In 2020, China ranked 120th out of 180 countries in the Environmental Performance Index.[55] The government has taken actions to mitigate environmental issues, but some media has criticized the actions as inadequate.[56]
A major
Much of China has a climate very suitable for agriculture and the country has been the world's largest producer of
Examples
Northeast China
Climate data for Beijing (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 14.3 (57.7) |
25.6 (78.1) |
29.5 (85.1) |
33.5 (92.3) |
41.1 (106.0) |
41.1 (106.0) |
41.9 (107.4) |
39.3 (102.7) |
35.2 (95.4) |
31.0 (87.8) |
23.3 (73.9) |
19.5 (67.1) |
41.9 (107.4) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.3 (36.1) |
6.1 (43.0) |
13.2 (55.8) |
21.0 (69.8) |
27.2 (81.0) |
30.8 (87.4) |
31.8 (89.2) |
30.7 (87.3) |
26.5 (79.7) |
19.3 (66.7) |
10.3 (50.5) |
3.7 (38.7) |
18.6 (65.4) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.7 (27.1) |
0.6 (33.1) |
7.5 (45.5) |
15.1 (59.2) |
21.3 (70.3) |
25.3 (77.5) |
27.2 (81.0) |
26.1 (79.0) |
21.2 (70.2) |
13.8 (56.8) |
5.2 (41.4) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
13.3 (55.9) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −6.9 (19.6) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
1.9 (35.4) |
9.0 (48.2) |
15.1 (59.2) |
20.0 (68.0) |
23.0 (73.4) |
22.0 (71.6) |
16.3 (61.3) |
8.8 (47.8) |
0.7 (33.3) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
8.4 (47.1) |
Record low °C (°F) | −22.8 (−9.0) |
−27.4 (−17.3) |
−15 (5) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
2.5 (36.5) |
9.8 (49.6) |
15.3 (59.5) |
11.4 (52.5) |
3.7 (38.7) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
−12.3 (9.9) |
−18.3 (−0.9) |
−27.4 (−17.3) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.2 (0.09) |
5.8 (0.23) |
8.6 (0.34) |
21.7 (0.85) |
36.1 (1.42) |
72.4 (2.85) |
169.7 (6.68) |
113.4 (4.46) |
53.7 (2.11) |
28.7 (1.13) |
13.5 (0.53) |
2.2 (0.09) |
528 (20.78) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.6 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 4.7 | 6.0 | 10.0 | 11.9 | 10.5 | 7.1 | 5.2 | 2.9 | 1.6 | 66.8 |
Average snowy days | 2.8 | 2.5 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 11.2 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
43 | 42 | 40 | 43 | 47 | 58 | 69 | 71 | 64 | 58 | 54 | 46 | 53 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 188.1 | 189.1 | 231.1 | 243.2 | 265.1 | 221.6 | 190.5 | 205.3 | 206.1 | 199.9 | 173.4 | 177.1 | 2,490.5 |
Percent possible sunshine | 62 | 62 | 62 | 61 | 59 | 50 | 42 | 49 | 56 | 59 | 59 | 61 | 57 |
Average ultraviolet index | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration[65][66] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Extremes[a] and Weather Atlas[71] |
Note
Climate data for Tianjin (1981–2010 normals) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 14.3 (57.7) |
20.8 (69.4) |
30.5 (86.9) |
33.1 (91.6) |
40.5 (104.9) |
40.1 (104.2) |
40.5 (104.9) |
37.4 (99.3) |
34.9 (94.8) |
30.8 (87.4) |
23.1 (73.6) |
14.4 (57.9) |
40.5 (104.9) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.0 (35.6) |
5.7 (42.3) |
12.2 (54.0) |
20.9 (69.6) |
26.5 (79.7) |
30.3 (86.5) |
31.3 (88.3) |
30.5 (86.9) |
26.6 (79.9) |
19.9 (67.8) |
10.6 (51.1) |
3.8 (38.8) |
18.4 (65.0) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −3.4 (25.9) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
6.4 (43.5) |
14.7 (58.5) |
20.5 (68.9) |
24.8 (76.6) |
26.8 (80.2) |
25.9 (78.6) |
21.1 (70.0) |
14.1 (57.4) |
5.2 (41.4) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
12.9 (55.2) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −7.4 (18.7) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
1.7 (35.1) |
9.3 (48.7) |
15.1 (59.2) |
20.0 (68.0) |
22.9 (73.2) |
22.2 (72.0) |
16.7 (62.1) |
9.4 (48.9) |
1.1 (34.0) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
8.5 (47.3) |
Record low °C (°F) | −18.1 (−0.6) |
−22.9 (−9.2) |
−17.7 (0.1) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
4.5 (40.1) |
10.1 (50.2) |
16.2 (61.2) |
13.7 (56.7) |
6.2 (43.2) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
−11.4 (11.5) |
−16.2 (2.8) |
−22.9 (−9.2) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.5 (0.10) |
3.6 (0.14) |
8.1 (0.32) |
22.1 (0.87) |
36.8 (1.45) |
79.7 (3.14) |
149.8 (5.90) |
124.1 (4.89) |
44.7 (1.76) |
26.5 (1.04) |
10.8 (0.43) |
2.8 (0.11) |
511.5 (20.15) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.6 | 2.0 | 3.1 | 4.5 | 5.9 | 7.8 | 11.1 | 9.4 | 6.0 | 4.7 | 2.9 | 2.0 | 61 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
57 | 54 | 51 | 50 | 55 | 64 | 75 | 76 | 69 | 64 | 61 | 59 | 61 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 170.1 | 170.2 | 202.4 | 223.8 | 249.0 | 226.9 | 206.4 | 204.4 | 205.3 | 196.1 | 163.0 | 157.6 | 2,375.2 |
Percent possible sunshine | 59 | 59 | 56 | 58 | 60 | 57 | 48 | 53 | 60 | 61 | 57 | 57 | 57 |
Source: China Meteorological Administration[72][73] |
Climate data for Harbin (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1961–2000) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 4.2 (39.6) |
9.9 (49.8) |
20.7 (69.3) |
29.4 (84.9) |
34.6 (94.3) |
36.7 (98.1) |
39.2 (102.6) |
35.6 (96.1) |
31.0 (87.8) |
26.5 (79.7) |
17.2 (63.0) |
8.5 (47.3) |
39.2 (102.6) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −12.0 (10.4) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
2.8 (37.0) |
14.0 (57.2) |
21.5 (70.7) |
26.5 (79.7) |
27.8 (82.0) |
26.5 (79.7) |
21.2 (70.2) |
12.3 (54.1) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
−9.2 (15.4) |
10.4 (50.7) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −17.6 (0.3) |
−12.4 (9.7) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
7.8 (46.0) |
15.3 (59.5) |
21.0 (69.8) |
23.1 (73.6) |
21.6 (70.9) |
15.1 (59.2) |
6.4 (43.5) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−14.3 (6.3) |
4.9 (40.7) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −22.9 (−9.2) |
−18.3 (−0.9) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
1.4 (34.5) |
8.8 (47.8) |
15.2 (59.4) |
18.6 (65.5) |
16.9 (62.4) |
9.3 (48.7) |
0.9 (33.6) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−19.0 (−2.2) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
Record low °C (°F) | −38.1 (−36.6) |
−33.7 (−28.7) |
−28.4 (−19.1) |
−12.8 (9.0) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
4.6 (40.3) |
9.5 (49.1) |
6.6 (43.9) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
−16.2 (2.8) |
−26.5 (−15.7) |
−35.7 (−32.3) |
−42.6 (−44.7) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 4.2 (0.17) |
4.9 (0.19) |
11.9 (0.47) |
20.1 (0.79) |
39.3 (1.55) |
88.2 (3.47) |
147.8 (5.82) |
122.6 (4.83) |
56.3 (2.22) |
23.0 (0.91) |
12.7 (0.50) |
6.9 (0.27) |
537.9 (21.19) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 6.7 | 10.3 | 13.5 | 14.2 | 12.3 | 9.9 | 7.1 | 6.0 | 7.2 | 104.4 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
71 | 66 | 55 | 48 | 51 | 62 | 76 | 78 | 69 | 61 | 63 | 69 | 64 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 155.9 | 179.9 | 230.9 | 231.4 | 264.1 | 260.2 | 254.2 | 247.2 | 230.5 | 206.8 | 170.2 | 139.9 | 2,571.2 |
Percent possible sunshine | 56 | 62 | 63 | 57 | 58 | 56 | 54 | 57 | 61 | 61 | 60 | 52 | 58 |
Average ultraviolet index | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration (sunshine data 1971–2000),[73][74] Weather China (precipitation days 1971–2000)[75] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Weather Atlas[76] |
Northwest China and Tibet
Climate data for Turpan (elevation 39 m (128 ft), 1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 8.5 (47.3) |
19.5 (67.1) |
31.7 (89.1) |
40.5 (104.9) |
43.6 (110.5) |
47.6 (117.7) |
49.1 (120.4) |
47.8 (118.0) |
43.4 (110.1) |
34.3 (93.7) |
23.0 (73.4) |
9.6 (49.3) |
49.1 (120.4) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −2.3 (27.9) |
7.0 (44.6) |
17.9 (64.2) |
27.8 (82.0) |
33.9 (93.0) |
38.8 (101.8) |
40.5 (104.9) |
39.0 (102.2) |
32.6 (90.7) |
22.5 (72.5) |
10.3 (50.5) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
22.3 (72.1) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.7 (19.9) |
1.3 (34.3) |
11.6 (52.9) |
20.7 (69.3) |
26.6 (79.9) |
31.6 (88.9) |
33.1 (91.6) |
31.2 (88.2) |
24.6 (76.3) |
14.5 (58.1) |
4.4 (39.9) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
15.7 (60.3) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −10.3 (13.5) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
5.9 (42.6) |
14.2 (57.6) |
19.8 (67.6) |
24.7 (76.5) |
26.5 (79.7) |
24.6 (76.3) |
18.4 (65.1) |
9.1 (48.4) |
0.3 (32.5) |
−7.6 (18.3) |
10.2 (50.3) |
Record low °C (°F) | −28.9 (−20.0) |
−24.5 (−12.1) |
−10.4 (13.3) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
4.7 (40.5) |
11.5 (52.7) |
15.5 (59.9) |
11.6 (52.9) |
1.3 (34.3) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−17.8 (0.0) |
−26.1 (−15.0) |
−28.9 (−20.0) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 0.9 (0.04) |
0.5 (0.02) |
0.7 (0.03) |
0.9 (0.04) |
1.0 (0.04) |
2.6 (0.10) |
2.0 (0.08) |
2.0 (0.08) |
1.4 (0.06) |
1.2 (0.05) |
0.6 (0.02) |
0.9 (0.04) |
14.7 (0.6) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.0 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 12.9 |
Average snowy days | 2.5 | 0.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 2.6 | 6.2 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
56 | 40 | 25 | 23 | 25 | 27 | 30 | 31 | 35 | 45 | 50 | 56 | 37 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 121.8 | 172.0 | 234.2 | 263.7 | 308.4 | 301.6 | 303.3 | 299.6 | 273.5 | 238.6 | 163.7 | 108.2 | 2,788.6 |
Percent possible sunshine | 41 | 57 | 62 | 65 | 67 | 66 | 66 | 71 | 74 | 71 | 57 | 39 | 61 |
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration[77][78][79] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: [80] |
Climate data for Lhasa (1986−2015 normals, extremes 1951−2022) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 20.5 (68.9) |
21.3 (70.3) |
25.1 (77.2) |
25.9 (78.6) |
29.4 (84.9) |
30.8 (87.4) |
30.4 (86.7) |
27.2 (81.0) |
26.5 (79.7) |
24.8 (76.6) |
22.8 (73.0) |
20.1 (68.2) |
30.8 (87.4) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.4 (47.1) |
10.1 (50.2) |
13.3 (55.9) |
16.3 (61.3) |
20.5 (68.9) |
24.0 (75.2) |
23.3 (73.9) |
22.0 (71.6) |
20.7 (69.3) |
17.5 (63.5) |
12.9 (55.2) |
9.3 (48.7) |
16.5 (61.7) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.3 (31.5) |
2.3 (36.1) |
5.9 (42.6) |
9.0 (48.2) |
13.1 (55.6) |
16.7 (62.1) |
16.5 (61.7) |
15.4 (59.7) |
13.8 (56.8) |
9.4 (48.9) |
3.8 (38.8) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
8.8 (47.8) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −7.4 (18.7) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
2.7 (36.9) |
6.8 (44.2) |
10.9 (51.6) |
11.4 (52.5) |
10.7 (51.3) |
8.9 (48.0) |
3.1 (37.6) |
−3 (27) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
2.7 (36.8) |
Record low °C (°F) | −16.5 (2.3) |
−15.4 (4.3) |
−13.6 (7.5) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
2.0 (35.6) |
4.5 (40.1) |
3.3 (37.9) |
0.3 (32.5) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−11.2 (11.8) |
−16.1 (3.0) |
−16.5 (2.3) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 0.9 (0.04) |
1.8 (0.07) |
2.9 (0.11) |
8.6 (0.34) |
28.4 (1.12) |
75.9 (2.99) |
129.6 (5.10) |
133.5 (5.26) |
66.7 (2.63) |
8.8 (0.35) |
0.9 (0.04) |
0.3 (0.01) |
458.3 (18.06) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 0.6 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 5.4 | 9.0 | 14.0 | 19.4 | 19.9 | 14.6 | 4.1 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 91.3 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
26 | 25 | 27 | 36 | 41 | 48 | 59 | 63 | 59 | 45 | 34 | 29 | 41 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 250.9 | 231.2 | 253.2 | 248.8 | 280.4 | 260.7 | 227.0 | 214.3 | 232.7 | 280.3 | 267.1 | 257.2 | 3,003.8 |
Percent possible sunshine | 78 | 72 | 66 | 65 | 66 | 61 | 53 | 54 | 62 | 80 | 84 | 82 | 67 |
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration,[81] all-time extreme temperature[82][83] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: China Meteorological Administration National Meteorological Information Center |
Climate data for Ürümqi | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 9.9 (49.8) |
13.5 (56.3) |
23.7 (74.7) |
32.5 (90.5) |
37.0 (98.6) |
40.9 (105.6) |
41.0 (105.8) |
42.1 (107.8) |
37.0 (98.6) |
30.5 (86.9) |
19.2 (66.6) |
15.6 (60.1) |
42.1 (107.8) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −7.4 (18.7) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
2.7 (36.9) |
16.1 (61.0) |
23.1 (73.6) |
27.6 (81.7) |
30.1 (86.2) |
29.0 (84.2) |
23.1 (73.6) |
13.2 (55.8) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
12.5 (54.6) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −12.6 (9.3) |
−9.8 (14.4) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
10.0 (50.0) |
16.7 (62.1) |
21.5 (70.7) |
23.7 (74.7) |
22.4 (72.3) |
16.7 (62.1) |
7.7 (45.9) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
6.9 (44.4) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −16.6 (2.1) |
−13.7 (7.3) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
4.8 (40.6) |
11.2 (52.2) |
16.1 (61.0) |
18.2 (64.8) |
16.7 (62.1) |
11.2 (52.2) |
3.1 (37.6) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
−12.9 (8.8) |
2.2 (36.0) |
Record low °C (°F) | −34.1 (−29.4) |
−41.5 (−42.7) |
−33.4 (−28.1) |
−14.9 (5.2) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
4.6 (40.3) |
8.8 (47.8) |
5.0 (41.0) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−12.4 (9.7) |
−36.6 (−33.9) |
−38.3 (−36.9) |
−41.5 (−42.7) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 10.4 (0.41) |
10.0 (0.39) |
18.5 (0.73) |
32.3 (1.27) |
38.9 (1.53) |
36.2 (1.43) |
30.4 (1.20) |
23.3 (0.92) |
26.2 (1.03) |
26.3 (1.04) |
19.1 (0.75) |
14.6 (0.57) |
286.2 (11.27) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 9.2 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 6.3 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 6.9 | 9.6 | 86.9 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
78 | 77 | 72 | 48 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 41 | 44 | 58 | 74 | 78 | 58 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 101.6 | 128.8 | 180.5 | 248.0 | 283.3 | 282.7 | 298.7 | 301.0 | 262.6 | 224.4 | 127.4 | 84.3 | 2,523.3 |
Percent possible sunshine | 35 | 44 | 49 | 62 | 63 | 61 | 64 | 70 | 70 | 66 | 44 | 30 | 57 |
Source: China Meteorological Administration |
Central China
Climate data for Chongqing (Shapingba District, 1981–2010 normals) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 18.8 (65.8) |
24.6 (76.3) |
34.0 (93.2) |
36.5 (97.7) |
38.9 (102.0) |
44.1 (111.4) |
42.0 (107.6) |
43.9 (111.0) |
43.9 (111.0) |
39.1 (102.4) |
29.2 (84.6) |
21.5 (70.7) |
44.1 (111.4) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) |
12.9 (55.2) |
17.7 (63.9) |
23.0 (73.4) |
27.2 (81.0) |
29.4 (84.9) |
33.0 (91.4) |
33.2 (91.8) |
28.3 (82.9) |
21.7 (71.1) |
17.1 (62.8) |
11.5 (52.7) |
22.1 (71.8) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 7.9 (46.2) |
10.0 (50.0) |
13.8 (56.8) |
18.6 (65.5) |
22.6 (72.7) |
25.1 (77.2) |
28.3 (82.9) |
28.3 (82.9) |
24.1 (75.4) |
18.6 (65.5) |
14.2 (57.6) |
9.2 (48.6) |
18.4 (65.1) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 6.2 (43.2) |
8.0 (46.4) |
11.2 (52.2) |
15.4 (59.7) |
19.3 (66.7) |
22.1 (71.8) |
24.8 (76.6) |
24.7 (76.5) |
21.2 (70.2) |
16.5 (61.7) |
12.3 (54.1) |
7.7 (45.9) |
15.8 (60.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | −1.8 (28.8) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
1.2 (34.2) |
2.8 (37.0) |
10.8 (51.4) |
15.5 (59.9) |
19.2 (66.6) |
17.8 (64.0) |
14.3 (57.7) |
6.9 (44.4) |
0.7 (33.3) |
−27.7 (−17.9) |
−27.7 (−17.9) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 19.7 (0.78) |
23.3 (0.92) |
43.2 (1.70) |
95.2 (3.75) |
145.9 (5.74) |
192.6 (7.58) |
186.0 (7.32) |
137.9 (5.43) |
105.8 (4.17) |
85.8 (3.38) |
48.3 (1.90) |
24.3 (0.96) |
1,108 (43.63) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 10.0 | 9.8 | 11.9 | 14.3 | 15.5 | 15.7 | 12.5 | 11.3 | 12.7 | 16.1 | 11.5 | 9.8 | 151.1 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
84 | 80 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 81 | 76 | 74 | 79 | 85 | 84 | 85 | 80 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 20.6 | 29.7 | 64.9 | 93.6 | 109.4 | 97.7 | 158.6 | 167.0 | 106.6 | 50.4 | 35.9 | 20.4 | 954.8 |
Percent possible sunshine | 8 | 11 | 18 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 42 | 48 | 28 | 18 | 13 | 8 | 24 |
Average ultraviolet index | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 8 |
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration[84][52] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Weather Atlas (UV Index)[85] |
Climate data for Wuhan (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1951–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 25.4 (77.7) |
29.1 (84.4) |
32.4 (90.3) |
35.1 (95.2) |
36.1 (97.0) |
37.8 (100.0) |
41.1 (106.0) |
39.6 (103.3) |
38.1 (100.6) |
34.4 (93.9) |
30.4 (86.7) |
23.3 (73.9) |
41.1 (106.0) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.1 (46.6) |
10.7 (51.3) |
15.2 (59.4) |
22.1 (71.8) |
27.1 (80.8) |
30.2 (86.4) |
32.9 (91.2) |
32.5 (90.5) |
28.5 (83.3) |
23.0 (73.4) |
16.8 (62.2) |
10.8 (51.4) |
21.5 (70.7) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.0 (39.2) |
6.6 (43.9) |
10.9 (51.6) |
17.4 (63.3) |
22.6 (72.7) |
26.2 (79.2) |
29.1 (84.4) |
28.4 (83.1) |
24.1 (75.4) |
18.2 (64.8) |
11.9 (53.4) |
6.2 (43.2) |
17.1 (62.9) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.0 (33.8) |
3.5 (38.3) |
7.4 (45.3) |
13.6 (56.5) |
18.9 (66.0) |
22.9 (73.2) |
26.0 (78.8) |
25.3 (77.5) |
20.7 (69.3) |
14.7 (58.5) |
8.4 (47.1) |
2.9 (37.2) |
13.8 (56.8) |
Record low °C (°F) | −18.1 (−0.6) |
−14.8 (5.4) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
7.2 (45.0) |
13.0 (55.4) |
17.3 (63.1) |
16.4 (61.5) |
10.1 (50.2) |
1.3 (34.3) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
−10.1 (13.8) |
−18.1 (−0.6) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 48.7 (1.92) |
65.5 (2.58) |
91.0 (3.58) |
135.7 (5.34) |
166.8 (6.57) |
218.2 (8.59) |
228.1 (8.98) |
117.5 (4.63) |
74.0 (2.91) |
80.9 (3.19) |
60.0 (2.36) |
29.6 (1.17) |
1,316 (51.82) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 9.5 | 9.8 | 13.1 | 12.5 | 12.2 | 11.8 | 11.6 | 9.6 | 7.5 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 6.9 | 121.5 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
76 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 74 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 75 | 76 | 75 | 73 | 75 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 101.9 | 97.0 | 121.8 | 152.8 | 181.0 | 170.9 | 220.2 | 226.4 | 175.8 | 151.9 | 139.3 | 126.5 | 1,865.5 |
Percent possible sunshine | 33 | 33 | 31 | 39 | 43 | 43 | 54 | 59 | 48 | 46 | 45 | 43 | 43 |
Source: China Meteorological Administration (precipitation days and sunshine 1971–2000)[86][87] |
Climate data for Xi'an (normals 1981–2010, extremes 1951–2013) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 17.0 (62.6) |
24.1 (75.4) |
31.3 (88.3) |
34.9 (94.8) |
38.6 (101.5) |
41.8 (107.2) |
41.0 (105.8) |
40.0 (104.0) |
38.5 (101.3) |
34.1 (93.4) |
24.5 (76.1) |
21.6 (70.9) |
41.8 (107.2) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.1 (41.2) |
8.9 (48.0) |
14.4 (57.9) |
21.5 (70.7) |
26.6 (79.9) |
31.4 (88.5) |
32.4 (90.3) |
30.3 (86.5) |
25.6 (78.1) |
19.3 (66.7) |
12.4 (54.3) |
6.3 (43.3) |
19.5 (67.1) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.3 (32.5) |
3.6 (38.5) |
8.7 (47.7) |
15.4 (59.7) |
20.5 (68.9) |
25.3 (77.5) |
27.0 (80.6) |
25.1 (77.2) |
20.3 (68.5) |
14.1 (57.4) |
7.2 (45.0) |
1.5 (34.7) |
14.1 (57.4) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.3 (26.1) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
4.1 (39.4) |
10.3 (50.5) |
15.1 (59.2) |
19.9 (67.8) |
22.3 (72.1) |
21.0 (69.8) |
16.5 (61.7) |
10.2 (50.4) |
3.2 (37.8) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
9.7 (49.5) |
Record low °C (°F) | −20.6 (−5.1) |
−18.7 (−1.7) |
−7.6 (18.3) |
−4 (25) |
3.5 (38.3) |
9.2 (48.6) |
15.1 (59.2) |
12.1 (53.8) |
4.8 (40.6) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
−16.8 (1.8) |
−19.3 (−2.7) |
−20.6 (−5.1) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 6.7 (0.26) |
9.8 (0.39) |
27.1 (1.07) |
37.5 (1.48) |
54.9 (2.16) |
64.5 (2.54) |
97.5 (3.84) |
78.6 (3.09) |
94.1 (3.70) |
61.7 (2.43) |
21.5 (0.85) |
7.3 (0.29) |
561.2 (22.1) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 3.4 | 4.0 | 6.4 | 7.8 | 8.2 | 8.8 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 11.6 | 9.9 | 5.5 | 3.6 | 89.1 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
65 | 62 | 64 | 64 | 65 | 61 | 68 | 75 | 77 | 76 | 73 | 68 | 68 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 88.4 | 96.1 | 116.6 | 142.8 | 169.5 | 179.7 | 181.1 | 168.1 | 121.0 | 98.9 | 92.4 | 81.0 | 1,535.6 |
Percent possible sunshine | 32 | 34 | 33 | 38 | 40 | 43 | 44 | 47 | 34 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 37 |
Source: China Meteorological Administration,[88] all-time extreme temperature[89] |
East China
Climate data for Shanghai ( Minhang District ), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present
| |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 22.1 (71.8) |
27.0 (80.6) |
29.6 (85.3) |
34.3 (93.7) |
36.4 (97.5) |
37.5 (99.5) |
40.9 (105.6) |
39.9 (103.8) |
38.2 (100.8) |
36.0 (96.8) |
28.7 (83.7) |
24.0 (75.2) |
40.9 (105.6) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.7 (47.7) |
10.7 (51.3) |
14.8 (58.6) |
20.6 (69.1) |
25.5 (77.9) |
28.3 (82.9) |
32.8 (91.0) |
32.3 (90.1) |
28.5 (83.3) |
23.6 (74.5) |
17.9 (64.2) |
11.5 (52.7) |
21.3 (70.3) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.9 (40.8) |
6.6 (43.9) |
10.4 (50.7) |
15.8 (60.4) |
20.9 (69.6) |
24.4 (75.9) |
28.8 (83.8) |
28.5 (83.3) |
24.7 (76.5) |
19.5 (67.1) |
13.7 (56.7) |
7.3 (45.1) |
17.1 (62.8) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.9 (35.4) |
3.3 (37.9) |
6.8 (44.2) |
11.9 (53.4) |
17.2 (63.0) |
21.5 (70.7) |
25.8 (78.4) |
25.7 (78.3) |
21.6 (70.9) |
15.9 (60.6) |
10.1 (50.2) |
3.9 (39.0) |
13.8 (56.8) |
Record low °C (°F) | −10.1 (13.8) |
−7.9 (17.8) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
6.9 (44.4) |
12.3 (54.1) |
16.3 (61.3) |
18.8 (65.8) |
10.8 (51.4) |
1.7 (35.1) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
−10.1 (13.8) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 70.4 (2.77) |
65.4 (2.57) |
95.4 (3.76) |
82.5 (3.25) |
93.2 (3.67) |
207.3 (8.16) |
148.0 (5.83) |
187.1 (7.37) |
118.1 (4.65) |
68.4 (2.69) |
59.4 (2.34) |
50.3 (1.98) |
1,245.5 (49.04) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 10.9 | 10.2 | 12.9 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 14.5 | 11.7 | 12.4 | 9.8 | 7.4 | 9.1 | 8.3 | 129.7 |
Average snowy days | 1.8 | 1.4 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 4.4 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
74 | 73 | 72 | 71 | 73 | 80 | 78 | 78 | 76 | 73 | 74 | 72 | 75 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 114.8 | 117.9 | 143.8 | 168.1 | 176.8 | 131.2 | 209.4 | 202.3 | 163.7 | 162.1 | 131.1 | 129.7 | 1,850.9 |
Percent possible sunshine | 36 | 37 | 39 | 43 | 41 | 31 | 49 | 50 | 45 | 46 | 42 | 41 | 42 |
Source: China Meteorological Administration[90][91] |
Climate data for Nanjing (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1951–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 21.0 (69.8) |
27.7 (81.9) |
30.3 (86.5) |
34.2 (93.6) |
37.5 (99.5) |
38.1 (100.6) |
40.0 (104.0) |
40.7 (105.3) |
39.0 (102.2) |
33.4 (92.1) |
29.2 (84.6) |
23.1 (73.6) |
40.7 (105.3) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.2 (45.0) |
9.5 (49.1) |
14.2 (57.6) |
20.7 (69.3) |
26.2 (79.2) |
29.1 (84.4) |
32.2 (90.0) |
31.7 (89.1) |
27.7 (81.9) |
22.5 (72.5) |
16.2 (61.2) |
9.9 (49.8) |
20.6 (69.1) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.7 (36.9) |
5.0 (41.0) |
9.3 (48.7) |
15.6 (60.1) |
21.1 (70.0) |
24.8 (76.6) |
28.1 (82.6) |
27.6 (81.7) |
23.3 (73.9) |
17.6 (63.7) |
10.9 (51.6) |
4.9 (40.8) |
15.9 (60.6) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −0.7 (30.7) |
1.4 (34.5) |
5.3 (41.5) |
11.0 (51.8) |
16.5 (61.7) |
21.0 (69.8) |
24.9 (76.8) |
24.4 (75.9) |
19.9 (67.8) |
13.6 (56.5) |
6.8 (44.2) |
1.1 (34.0) |
12.1 (53.8) |
Record low °C (°F) | −14.0 (6.8) |
−13.0 (8.6) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
5.0 (41.0) |
11.8 (53.2) |
16.8 (62.2) |
16.9 (62.4) |
7.7 (45.9) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
−13.1 (8.4) |
−14.0 (6.8) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 45.2 (1.78) |
52.1 (2.05) |
80.4 (3.17) |
79.9 (3.15) |
90.7 (3.57) |
162.0 (6.38) |
216.3 (8.52) |
143.5 (5.65) |
75.3 (2.96) |
59.5 (2.34) |
56.3 (2.22) |
29.5 (1.16) |
1,090.7 (42.95) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 8.7 | 9.1 | 11.8 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 10.6 | 12.3 | 11.8 | 8.1 | 7.8 | 7.4 | 6.2 | 113.5 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
74 | 73 | 72 | 71 | 71 | 76 | 80 | 80 | 78 | 75 | 76 | 73 | 75 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 124.7 | 120.3 | 144.7 | 169.2 | 194.2 | 162.8 | 196.7 | 201.6 | 164.0 | 164.2 | 147.4 | 137.1 | 1,926.9 |
Source: China Meteorological Administration (precipitation days, sunshine data 1971–2000)[92][93] |
Climate data for Hangzhou (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1951–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 25.4 (77.7) |
28.5 (83.3) |
32.8 (91.0) |
34.8 (94.6) |
37.6 (99.7) |
39.7 (103.5) |
41.3 (106.3) |
41.6 (106.9) |
38.7 (101.7) |
35.0 (95.0) |
31.2 (88.2) |
26.5 (79.7) |
41.6 (106.9) |
Mean maximum °C (°F) | 17.4 (63.3) |
21.3 (70.3) |
25.7 (78.3) |
30.6 (87.1) |
33.8 (92.8) |
35.3 (95.5) |
37.9 (100.2) |
37.3 (99.1) |
34.4 (93.9) |
30.3 (86.5) |
25.1 (77.2) |
19.5 (67.1) |
38.2 (100.8) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.3 (46.9) |
10.3 (50.5) |
14.8 (58.6) |
21.1 (70.0) |
26.3 (79.3) |
29.1 (84.4) |
33.6 (92.5) |
32.8 (91.0) |
28.2 (82.8) |
23.2 (73.8) |
17.3 (63.1) |
11.3 (52.3) |
21.4 (70.4) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.6 (40.3) |
6.4 (43.5) |
10.3 (50.5) |
16.2 (61.2) |
21.4 (70.5) |
24.7 (76.5) |
28.9 (84.0) |
28.2 (82.8) |
24.0 (75.2) |
18.8 (65.8) |
12.9 (55.2) |
7.0 (44.6) |
17.0 (62.5) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.8 (35.2) |
3.5 (38.3) |
7.0 (44.6) |
12.4 (54.3) |
17.5 (63.5) |
21.4 (70.5) |
25.2 (77.4) |
24.9 (76.8) |
20.9 (69.6) |
15.4 (59.7) |
9.3 (48.7) |
3.7 (38.7) |
13.6 (56.4) |
Mean minimum °C (°F) | −3.9 (25.0) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
0.8 (33.4) |
5.8 (42.4) |
12.1 (53.8) |
16.9 (62.4) |
21.5 (70.7) |
21.4 (70.5) |
16.0 (60.8) |
9.0 (48.2) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
Record low °C (°F) | −8.6 (16.5) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
0.2 (32.4) |
7.3 (45.1) |
12.8 (55.0) |
17.3 (63.1) |
18.2 (64.8) |
12.0 (53.6) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 79.8 (3.14) |
86.1 (3.39) |
143.7 (5.66) |
122.5 (4.82) |
128.2 (5.05) |
211.8 (8.34) |
180.3 (7.10) |
156.1 (6.15) |
130.1 (5.12) |
78.6 (3.09) |
72.3 (2.85) |
48.6 (1.91) |
1,438.1 (56.62) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 12.4 | 12.1 | 15.3 | 14.5 | 13.8 | 14.6 | 12.4 | 13.8 | 11.7 | 9.0 | 9.3 | 8.5 | 147.4 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
75 | 75 | 75 | 74 | 74 | 80 | 76 | 78 | 79 | 76 | 74 | 72 | 76 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 102.0 | 97.2 | 116.4 | 140.6 | 164.7 | 136.6 | 212.7 | 193.0 | 143.9 | 144.6 | 129.0 | 128.7 | 1,709.4 |
Source: China Meteorological Administration (precipitation days and sunshine 1971–2000)[94][95] |
South China
Climate data for Hong Kong, normals 1991–2020,[a] extremes 1884–1939 and 1947–present | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 26.9 (80.4) |
28.3 (82.9) |
30.1 (86.2) |
33.4 (92.1) |
36.1 (97.0) |
35.6 (96.1) |
35.7 (96.3) |
36.6 (97.9) |
35.2 (95.4) |
34.3 (93.7) |
31.8 (89.2) |
28.7 (83.7) |
36.6 (97.9) |
Mean maximum °C (°F) | 24.0 (75.2) |
25.1 (77.2) |
27.5 (81.5) |
30.2 (86.4) |
32.3 (90.1) |
33.6 (92.5) |
34.1 (93.4) |
34.2 (93.6) |
33.4 (92.1) |
31.3 (88.3) |
28.4 (83.1) |
25.1 (77.2) |
34.7 (94.5) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 18.7 (65.7) |
19.4 (66.9) |
21.9 (71.4) |
25.6 (78.1) |
28.8 (83.8) |
30.7 (87.3) |
31.6 (88.9) |
31.3 (88.3) |
30.5 (86.9) |
28.1 (82.6) |
24.5 (76.1) |
20.4 (68.7) |
26.0 (78.8) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 16.5 (61.7) |
17.1 (62.8) |
19.5 (67.1) |
23.0 (73.4) |
26.3 (79.3) |
28.3 (82.9) |
28.9 (84.0) |
28.7 (83.7) |
27.9 (82.2) |
25.7 (78.3) |
22.2 (72.0) |
18.2 (64.8) |
23.5 (74.3) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 14.6 (58.3) |
15.3 (59.5) |
17.6 (63.7) |
21.1 (70.0) |
24.5 (76.1) |
26.5 (79.7) |
26.9 (80.4) |
26.7 (80.1) |
26.1 (79.0) |
23.9 (75.0) |
20.3 (68.5) |
16.2 (61.2) |
21.6 (70.9) |
Mean minimum °C (°F) | 9.1 (48.4) |
10.2 (50.4) |
12.2 (54.0) |
16.3 (61.3) |
20.7 (69.3) |
23.6 (74.5) |
24.2 (75.6) |
24.3 (75.7) |
23.5 (74.3) |
20.1 (68.2) |
15.3 (59.5) |
10.1 (50.2) |
7.8 (46.0) |
Record low °C (°F) | 0.0 (32.0) |
2.4 (36.3) |
4.8 (40.6) |
9.9 (49.8) |
15.4 (59.7) |
19.2 (66.6) |
21.7 (71.1) |
21.6 (70.9) |
18.4 (65.1) |
13.5 (56.3) |
6.5 (43.7) |
4.3 (39.7) |
0.0 (32.0) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 33.2 (1.31) |
38.9 (1.53) |
75.3 (2.96) |
153.0 (6.02) |
290.6 (11.44) |
491.5 (19.35) |
385.8 (15.19) |
453.2 (17.84) |
321.4 (12.65) |
120.3 (4.74) |
39.3 (1.55) |
28.8 (1.13) |
2,431.2 (95.72) |
Average rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 5.70 | 7.97 | 10.50 | 11.37 | 15.37 | 19.33 | 18.43 | 17.50 | 14.90 | 7.83 | 5.70 | 5.30 | 139.90 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
74 | 79 | 82 | 83 | 83 | 82 | 81 | 81 | 78 | 73 | 72 | 70 | 78 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 145.8 | 101.7 | 100.0 | 113.2 | 138.8 | 144.3 | 197.3 | 182.1 | 174.4 | 197.8 | 172.3 | 161.6 | 1,829.3 |
Percent possible sunshine | 43 | 32 | 27 | 30 | 34 | 36 | 48 | 46 | 47 | 55 | 52 | 48 | 41 |
Source: Hong Kong Observatory[96][97][98] |
Climate data for Guangzhou (normals 1971–2000, extremes 1961–2000) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 27.2 (81.0) |
28.6 (83.5) |
32.1 (89.8) |
32.4 (90.3) |
36.2 (97.2) |
36.6 (97.9) |
39.1 (102.4) |
38.0 (100.4) |
37.6 (99.7) |
34.8 (94.6) |
32.5 (90.5) |
29.6 (85.3) |
39.1 (102.4) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 18.3 (64.9) |
18.5 (65.3) |
21.6 (70.9) |
25.7 (78.3) |
29.3 (84.7) |
31.5 (88.7) |
32.8 (91.0) |
32.7 (90.9) |
31.5 (88.7) |
28.8 (83.8) |
24.5 (76.1) |
20.6 (69.1) |
26.3 (79.4) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 13.9 (57.0) |
15.2 (59.4) |
18.1 (64.6) |
22.4 (72.3) |
25.8 (78.4) |
27.8 (82.0) |
28.9 (84.0) |
28.8 (83.8) |
27.5 (81.5) |
24.7 (76.5) |
20.1 (68.2) |
15.5 (59.9) |
22.4 (72.3) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) |
11.7 (53.1) |
15.2 (59.4) |
19.5 (67.1) |
22.7 (72.9) |
24.8 (76.6) |
25.5 (77.9) |
25.4 (77.7) |
24.0 (75.2) |
20.8 (69.4) |
15.9 (60.6) |
11.5 (52.7) |
18.9 (66.1) |
Record low °C (°F) | 0.1 (32.2) |
1.3 (34.3) |
3.2 (37.8) |
7.7 (45.9) |
14.6 (58.3) |
18.8 (65.8) |
21.6 (70.9) |
20.9 (69.6) |
15.5 (59.9) |
9.5 (49.1) |
4.9 (40.8) |
0.0 (32.0) |
0.0 (32.0) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 40.9 (1.61) |
69.4 (2.73) |
84.7 (3.33) |
201.2 (7.92) |
283.7 (11.17) |
276.2 (10.87) |
232.5 (9.15) |
227.0 (8.94) |
166.2 (6.54) |
87.3 (3.44) |
35.4 (1.39) |
31.6 (1.24) |
1,736.1 (68.33) |
Average rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 7.5 | 11.2 | 15.0 | 16.3 | 18.3 | 18.2 | 15.9 | 16.8 | 12.5 | 7.1 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 149.2 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
72 | 78 | 82 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 82 | 82 | 78 | 72 | 66 | 66 | 78 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 118.5 | 71.6 | 62.4 | 65.1 | 104.0 | 140.2 | 202.0 | 173.5 | 170.2 | 181.8 | 172.7 | 166.0 | 1,628 |
Percent possible sunshine | 35 | 22 | 17 | 17 | 26 | 35 | 49 | 43 | 46 | 51 | 52 | 50 | 37 |
Source: China Meteorological Administration,[99] all-time extreme temperature[100] |
Climate data for Haikou (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1951–2015) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 33.5 (92.3) |
37.2 (99.0) |
38.1 (100.6) |
39.6 (103.3) |
38.8 (101.8) |
38.4 (101.1) |
38.7 (101.7) |
37.3 (99.1) |
36.0 (96.8) |
34.5 (94.1) |
34.7 (94.5) |
31.5 (88.7) |
39.6 (103.3) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 21.8 (71.2) |
22.9 (73.2) |
26.3 (79.3) |
30.7 (87.3) |
32.3 (90.1) |
33.7 (92.7) |
33.5 (92.3) |
32.6 (90.7) |
30.7 (87.3) |
29.1 (84.4) |
26.2 (79.2) |
22.4 (72.3) |
28.5 (83.3) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 18.4 (65.1) |
19.4 (66.9) |
22.2 (72.0) |
26.0 (78.8) |
27.9 (82.2) |
29.0 (84.2) |
29.1 (84.4) |
28.6 (83.5) |
27.4 (81.3) |
26.0 (78.8) |
23.3 (73.9) |
19.8 (67.6) |
24.8 (76.6) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 16.1 (61.0) |
17.2 (63.0) |
19.6 (67.3) |
23.2 (73.8) |
25.1 (77.2) |
25.9 (78.6) |
26.0 (78.8) |
25.9 (78.6) |
25.0 (77.0) |
23.7 (74.7) |
21.0 (69.8) |
17.8 (64.0) |
22.2 (72.0) |
Record low °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) |
6.5 (43.7) |
6.4 (43.5) |
9.8 (49.6) |
16.3 (61.3) |
21.2 (70.2) |
21.0 (69.8) |
21.7 (71.1) |
17.5 (63.5) |
14.1 (57.4) |
10.0 (50.0) |
5.3 (41.5) |
2.8 (37.0) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 20.3 (0.80) |
38.2 (1.50) |
50.4 (1.98) |
90.1 (3.55) |
175.6 (6.91) |
220.5 (8.68) |
214.7 (8.45) |
262.1 (10.32) |
255.8 (10.07) |
221.9 (8.74) |
72.4 (2.85) |
34.3 (1.35) |
1,656.3 (65.2) |
Average rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 8.4 | 10.6 | 10.1 | 11.5 | 16.5 | 16.0 | 15.0 | 14.9 | 14.3 | 12.5 | 7.9 | 7.3 | 145.0 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
85 | 87 | 85 | 82 | 81 | 81 | 80 | 82 | 83 | 79 | 79 | 80 | 82 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 109.1 | 98.7 | 137.3 | 167.9 | 218.1 | 222.8 | 251.3 | 217.7 | 193.8 | 176.7 | 144.8 | 131.3 | 2,069.5 |
Percent possible sunshine | 32 | 31 | 37 | 45 | 54 | 56 | 61 | 55 | 53 | 49 | 43 | 39 | 47 |
Source: China Meteorological Administration (precipitation days and sunshine 1971–2000),[8][101][102] all-time extreme temperature[103] |
Climate change
Gallery
-
Typhoon Saomai was one of the most powerful typhoons to hit China.[26]
-
Typhoon Nina on August 2 1975.
-
Flooding in China during the 1931 floods
-
Snow encircling the area around the Bo Hai
-
A sandstorm blowing from Inner Mongolia in 2010
See also
- Geography of China
- Climate change in China
- Environmental issues in China
- Geography of Taiwan
- East Asia
- East Asian Monsoon
- Hot summer cold winter zone
Notes
- ^ Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data in Hong Kong from 1991 to 2020.
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