Przasnysz

Coordinates: 53°1′N 20°53′E / 53.017°N 20.883°E / 53.017; 20.883
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
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Coat of arms of Przasnysz
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Przasnysz
Church of the Assumption
Church of the Assumption
UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
06-300
Area code+48 29
Vehicle registrationWPZ
National road
Voivodeship roads
Websitehttp://www.przasnysz.um.gov.pl

Przasnysz (

Masovian Voivodship, about 110 km north of Warsaw and about 115 km south of Olsztyn, it is the capital of Przasnysz County. It has 18,093 inhabitants (2004). It was one of the most important towns in Mazovia during the Middle Ages. Przasnysz was granted town privileges
in 1427.

History

Gothic Saints Anne and James church and Passionist Monastery

The oldest traces of settlement in the area of Przasnysz come from the turn of the Bronze and Iron Age (around 700 BC). In the 13th century in Przasnysz, on the Węgierka River, there was a market settlement. There was also a hunting court of the Mazovian princes, described by Henryk Sienkiewicz in The Knights of the Cross. The name of the city according to folk sources comes from the miller Przaśnik, who hosted the stray hunting Duke Konrad I of Masovia and was then knighted with the surrounding lands.

Przasnysz's rapid development was due to its favorable location on the border between two economically important areas - the Kurpiowska Plain and the agricultural Ciechanowska Upland. On October 10, 1427, Przasnysz obtained town privileges under the

royal town and a county seat in the Ciechanów Land in the Masovian Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province
of the Kingdom of Poland.

In 1576, Przasnysz became the seat of the non-castle

Zbaraż, Prince Jeremi Wiśniowiecki
.

Partitions of Poland

After the defeat of the Kościuszko Uprising and the Third Partition of Poland (1795), Przasnysz became part of the Kingdom of Prussia as the seat of a large county including Ciechanów.

On January 30, 1807, Napoleon Bonaparte made a visit in Przasnysz.

In the years 1807–1815 Przasnysz was part of the Duchy of Warsaw, and then, after the Congress of Vienna, became part of so-called Congress Poland, which was part of the Russian Empire. In November 1863, Przasnysz was the site of a Russian execution of Stefan Cielecki [pl], commander of a Polish insurgent unit, which fought in northern Masovia during the January Uprising.

During World War I, in November and December 1914, heavy fighting took place near Przasnysz between the Russian and German armies. The city changed hands many times. February 24, 1915 was taken by the Germans, but on February 27 they were forced out by Russian troops from the First and Second Siberian Corps.

Interbellum

Poland regained independence after World War I in 1918, and Przasnysz was reintegrated with the reborn state. In August 1920, extremely fierce battles with the Bolshevik 15 Army took place near Przasnysz. For two weeks the city was occupied by the Soviet army. On August 21, Przasnysz was liberated by the 202 Infantry Regiment of the Volunteer Division of Colonel Adam Koc.

In the interwar period, Przasnysz was the capital of the poviat in the Warsaw Voivodeship. In the first years of independence, reconstruction from war damage continued. Many public buildings were built: power plant, junior high school and elementary school, agricultural school, city theater, stadium and sports house. The main occupation of the inhabitants of Przasnysz was still agriculture, craft and small trade. In 1938, Przasnysz had 8,000 residents, including approx. 3,000 Jews.

World War II

Monument in the place where the Germans hanged five members of the Polish resistance on December 17, 1942

In the first days of the German

Mazowiecka Cavalry Brigade under the command of Colonel Jan Karcz and the Germans. Afterwards the town was occupied by Germany and annexed directly into the Third Reich
. It was renamed Praschnitz.

On September 10, 1939, the

freight trains to the Kraków District of the General Government.[9] A penal "education" forced labour camp was operated in the town[10] from 1941 to 1943.[11] There was a high death rate in the camp due to hunger, diseases, tortures and executions.[10]

Despite such circumstances, Poles still managed to organize an underground resistance movement. On December 17, 1942, the Germans hanged five local leaders of Home Army at the main square.[12]

On 17 January 1945, the retreating Germans deported 31 malnourished Polish prisoners from Przasnysz to

Fall of Communism
in the 1980s.

Recent times

In the years 1945–1951, numerous armed units of the anti-communist underground operated near Przasnysz.

Wojciech Oczko Hospital in Przasnysz

In the 1960s, the rapid development of the city began, slowed as a result of the administrative reform of 1975. In 1966, a branch of Zakład Aparatury Gospodarcza im. Georgi Dimitrov, where lightning arrestors were produced. For the needs of this plant, a school complex was established to house a vocational school and technical college.

Since January 1, 1999, Przasnysz is the seat of the county in the Masovian Voivodeship.

Sports

The local football club is MKS Przasnysz. It competes in the lower leagues.

Notable people

Coat of arms

The coat of arms of Przasnysz depicts a defensive wall made of red brick on a silver (white) shield, with three such towers of equal height. Each tower is covered with a conical red roof. Each tower has an entrance gate and one soaring hole above it, both black. Heraldic shield border black.

The heraldic image dates from the 16th century.

References

  1. ^ Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2014 Archived 2016-02-20 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. pp. 111–112, 123.
  3. ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 112.
  4. ISSN 1641-9561
    .
  5. ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 223.
  6. ISBN 978-83-8098-174-4
    .
  7. ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. pp. 231–232.
  8. ^ "Katyń... ocalić od zapomnienia – fotoreportaż". Powiat Przasnyski (in Polish). Retrieved 31 January 2021.
  9. ^ Wardzyńska (2017), p. 393
  10. ^
    ISSN 1641-9561
    .
  11. ^ "Arbeitserziehungslager Praschnitz". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 31 January 2021.
  12. ^ "77. rocznica egzekucji przywódców przasnyskiego obwodu ZWZ-AK". Powiat Przasnyski (in Polish). Retrieved 31 January 2021.
  13. ^ Świecik, Józef (1983). "Tragiczne ostatnie dni okupacji niemieckiej w Płocku". Notatki Płockie (in Polish). 28 (3 (116)). Towarzystwo Naukowe Płockie: 30.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Przasnysz.
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