Concord grape
Concord grape | |
---|---|
Grape (Vitis) | |
Color of berry skin | Noir |
Species | Vitis labrusca hybrid[1] |
Origin | United States |
Notable regions | United States |
VIVC number | 2801 |
The Concord grape is a
The skin of a Concord grape is typically dark blue or purple and often is covered with a glaucous epicuticular wax "bloom" that can be rubbed off. It is a slip-skin variety, meaning the skin is easily separated from the fruit. Concord grapes have large seeds and are highly aromatic. The Concord grape is particularly prone to the physiological disorder black spot.[2]
In the United States, 417,800 tons were produced in 2011.[3] The major growing areas are the Finger Lakes District of New York, Lake Erie, Lake Ontario, Southwestern Michigan, and the Yakima Valley in Washington.[4] They are sometimes found growing wild.
Usage
Concord grapes are often used to make grape
History
The Concord grape was developed in 1849 by Ephraim Wales Bull in Concord, Massachusetts.[9] Bull planted seeds from wild Vitis labrusca and evaluated over 22,000 seedlings before finding what he considered the ideal Concord grape.[9] Genetic testing confirmed that Concord grape has roughly one-third Vitis vinifera parentage.[10] The selected Concord vine was planted next to other cultivars, including Catawba, which was later confirmed to be a parent of Concord using systematic SSR analysis.[1]
In 1853, Bull's grape won first place at the
Gallery
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Ripe grapes (foreground) and unripe grapes (background). Unripe grapes can be made into verjuice.
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Concord grapes growing onGrape Island, Massachusetts.
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Photographic plate of Concord grape from the book The Grapes of New York, 1908 by Ulysses Prentiss Hedrick
See also
- Muscadine
- Scuppernong
References
- ^ S2CID 87513053.
- OCLC 37862425.
- ^ "Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts 2011 Summary". United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on December 31, 2013. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
- ^ "Concord grape". National Grape Association. Archived from the original on September 25, 2012. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
- ^ "Why can't I find Concord grapes in the grocery store?". Concord Grape Association. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
- ISBN 978-0-8135-4849-4.
- ^ "The 11th Plague? Why People Drink Sweet Wine on Passover". The Atlantic. April 14, 2011. Retrieved November 4, 2011.
- ^ "O-Neh-Da Authentic Sacramental Wine". O-Neh-Da Vineyard. Archived from the original on May 10, 2009. Retrieved December 30, 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f "The History of the Concord Grape". Concord Grape Association. Retrieved December 30, 2012.
- PMID 24244717.