Confessionalism (politics)
Confessionalism is a
Governmental structure
Some countries' political system distribute power across major religions in the country. This can be required by the constitution or through unwritten tradition.
In the
The repartition of assembly seats on a confessional basis in the Middle East was invented by the
In
Although the system was meant to be a temporary solution "until such time as the Chamber enacts new electoral laws on a non-confessional basis",
The Lebanese constitution also guarantees segmental autonomy to 18 recognized communities in the country in domains such as education.[6] Lebanon also presents other characteristics of confessionalism. Since 2005 Lebanese politics has been polarized around two trans-religious coalitions[7] with the majority never able to govern alone. There is, however, another section of the constitution that addresses the development of outside parties not represented by popular support.
Political parties
In some countries there are political parties whose main ideology is based on a religion, such as Christian democratic parties and Islamic political parties.
In the politics of the Netherlands the term "confessionalism" refers to any political ideology based on religion. A traditional norm in society, extending to many facets of cultural life, termed pillarisation. Dutch parties usually labelled as confessionalist are the Christian Union and the Reformed Political Party, both exclusively Protestant.
Political parties with religious ideology are sometimes banned on the grounds of promoting violence and hatred (e.g. Vlamms Blok and Batasuna), altering the national character, or having outside support.[8]
In some cases bans are written into the constitution.
See also
References
- ^ "Iraq Elects Pro-Iran Sunni As Parliament Speaker". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 16 September 2018. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
- ^ Lebanese constitution, article 24
- ^ Harb, Imad (March 2006). "Lebanon's Confessionalism: Problems and Prospects". United States Institute of Peace. Archived from the original on 2009-07-15. Retrieved 2006-07-30.
- ^ Lebanese constitution, article 24 subsection a
- ^ Lebanese constitution, article 24 subsection b
- ^ Lebanese constitution, articles 9 and 10
- ^ Confessionalism and electoral reform in Lebanon, section 3, Arda Arsenian Ekmekji, Ph.D.
- ^ Rosenblum, Nancy L. (January 2007). "Banning Parties: Religious and Ethnic Partisanship in Multicultural Democracies". ResearchGate. Archived from the original on 2019-09-10. Retrieved 2019-09-10.
- ^ "Constitution". National Assembly of the Republic of Bulgaria. Archived from the original on 2019-08-19. Retrieved 2019-09-10.
- ^ "Constitution of the Portuguese Republic - Part I". Diário da República Eletrónico. Archived from the original on 2019-05-17. Retrieved 2019-09-10.