Constitution of Niger

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Politics of Niger
Constitution (suspended)
Government
National Assembly (dissolved)
  • President
Judiciary
Administrative divisions
Elections
Foreign relations

The

French colonial rule in 1960. The "Seventh Republic" operated under the Constitution of 2010 until its dissolution in 2023 by General Abdourahamane Tchiani in a coup d'état.[1]

Constitution of 25 February 1959

The

Coat of Arms of Niger, along with language on naming of political bodies, rights and powers which have been retained in subsequent texts.[2]

Constitution of 8 November 1960 (First Republic)

The Constitution of 8 November 1960 marks the first fully independent constitutional system of the Republic of Niger: the Nigerien First Republic. With a constitutional revision in 1965, the system remained in place until the 1974 Nigerien coup d'état.[citation needed]

This constitution was revised on 7 September 1965.[3]

1974 Military Rule

Following the

Ali Saïbou became President of the CSM and began a series of reforms which led to the Second Republic.[citation needed
]

Constitution of September 1989 (Second Republic)

The Constitution of September 1989 established a single political party and a consultative assembly in place of a National Assembly.[citation needed]

Constitution of December 1992 (Third Republic)

The constitution of December 1992 was created over more than a year, following the formation of the civilian

Human Rights, a commission meant to guard freedom of the press, and explicitly tasked the Supreme Court with protecting these rights.[2]

Constitution of May 1996 (Fourth Republic)

The constitution of December 1992 was suspended by a military coup led by Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara in January 1996. The Constitution of 12 May 1996 was approved by referendum as the Fourth Republic. Following an election disputed nationally and internationally, Maïnassara declared himself winner in the first round of presidential elections. The 1996 constitution was marked by a very strong executive and the ability to rule by decree. When less than three years later Maïnassara was himself killed in the coup of 9 April 1999, the military reappointed Ibrahim Hassane Mayaki as prime minister for a transition government and a transitional cabinet consisting of 20 members, most of whom were civilian to create a new constitution. Coup leader and head of the National Reconciliation Council (CRN) Major Daouda Malam Wanké quickly announced its intention to promulgate a new constitution and institute a return to civilian rule. The interim government also replaced 7 of Niger's regional military leaders. Wanké announced that he would not run for the presidency and disqualified all military and security personnel, as well as all members of the transitional government from standing for election. Wanké named a 60-member independent national election commission to oversee the establishment of the election roles and the polling. The CRN renounced any form of remuneration during the transition period and moved to reduce by half the salaries of future members of government.

A new constitution designed to spread power among the president, prime minister, and legislature was approved by referendum despite an extremely low voter turnout in July 1999.

Constitution of 18 July 1999 (Fifth Republic)

French Wikisource has original text related to this article:
English Wikisource has original text related to this article:

National Assembly
was expanded in 2004 to 113 deputies elected for a 5-year term under a majority system of representation. Political parties must attain at least 5% of the vote in order to gain a seat in the legislature. [7]

Constitution of 18 August 2009 (Sixth Republic)

In 2009, President

Constitutional Court
but Tandja dissolved the Court and assumed emergency powers. The opposition boycotted the referendum and the new constitution was adopted with 92.5% of voters and a 68% turnout, according to official results.

Constitution of 2010 (Seventh Republic)

Main article: Government of Niger

President

by referendum with 90.19% in favor and a 52.02% turnout (official results of 25 November).[8]

References

  1. ^ "Niger soldiers declare coup on national TV". BBC News. 2023-07-26. Retrieved 2023-07-27.
  2. ^
    ISBN 0-8108-3136-8
    .: pp.49–51, 100, 133–136 
  3. OCLC 937365162
    . Retrieved 22 June 2022.
  4. ISBN 0-918456-74-6
  5. ^ Pearl T. Robinson, “The National Conference Phenomenon in Francophone Africa,” Comparative Studies in Society and History Vol. 36, No. 3 (1994)
  6. ISBN 0-8133-2786-5
  7. ^ Constitution du Niger du 18 juillet 1999 Archived 2008-10-02 at the Wayback Machine and CONSTITUTION OF THE FIFTH REPUBLIC OF NIGER. Adopted on 18 July 1999, promulgated on 9 August 1999 Archived 2 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
  8. ^ (in French) Results of the 2010 constitutional referendum Archived 2010-11-30 at the Wayback Machine, 25 November 2010, Nigerien Press Agency, website of the Nigerien government.

External links

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