Constitution of Pylyp Orlyk
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The Constitution of Pylyp Orlyk (
It established the principle of the
The Old Ukrainian-language original, signed by Orlyk, accompanied by a diploma signed by King Charles XII of Sweden was found in 2008 by Ukrainian researchers in the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts , Moscow.[3] The Latin-language original is kept in the National Archives of Sweden.
History
After the
After Mazepa died, on 5 April 1710 Pylyp Orlyk was elected as the Hetman of the
Articles of the Constitution
The Ukrainian-language title reads: "Договори і постанови прав і свобод військових між Ясновельможним Його Милості паном Пилипом Орликом, новообраним гетьманом Війська Запорізького, і між генеральними особами, полковниками і тим же Військом Запорізьким з повною згодою з обох сторін"[4] The document is made up of a preamble[5] and 16 articles.[6]
Preamble
The preamble briefly discusses Cossack history, their
Articles 1–5
Articles 1–3 dealt with general Ukrainian affairs. They proclaimed the
Articles 4–5 reflected the interests of the Zaporozhian Cossacks, who constituted the overwhelming majority of the Bendery emigration. The Hetman was obligated:
- to expel, with the help of Charles XII, the Russians from Zaporozhian territories
- to grant the town of Trakhtemyriv to the Zaporozhians to serve as a hospital, and
- to disallow non-Zaporozhians to own anything in Zaporozhian territories
Articles 6–16
Articles 6–10 limited the powers of the hetman and established a Cossack parliament, similar to an extended council of officers, which was to meet three times a year. The General Council was to consist not only of the general staff and the regimental colonels, but also of "an outstanding and worthy individual from each regiment."
Articles 11–16 protected the rights of towns, limited the taxation of peasants and poor Cossacks, and restricted the innkeepers.
Memory
On 9 April 2010, the 300th anniversary of the creation of the Constitution, a monument was dedicated in Bender. The monument is in the form of a book with engraved information about the history of the writing of the Constitution and its full name in Ukrainian and Latin.[7]
See also
References
- ^ "Sweden sends Ukraine copies of Pylyp Orlyk’s Constitution on Constitution Day", Kyiv Post, (June 28, 2021)
- ^ "The First Constitution of Ukraine (5 April 1710)", Harvard Ukrainian Studies
- ^ Конституція Пилипа Орлика: оригінал та його історія. Підготувала Вовк О. Б., Архіви України (Archives of Ukraine), 2010. issue 3-4 (269), pp. 145—166]
- ^ "КОНСТИТУЦІЯ ПИЛИПА ОРЛИКА". The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved June 5, 2022.
- ^ Mahrytska, Iryna (2005-06-24). "Hetman Pylyp Orlyk and Ukraine's First Constitution". Eastern Ukrainian National University of V. Dalya. Jurisprudentia/Slovo Prosvity. Archived from the original on 2006-01-18. Retrieved 2006-08-17.
- ^ "Bendery, Constitution of". The Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies.
- ^ "Конституція Пилипа Орлика — UKR.md" (in Ukrainian). 5 April 2020. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
Further reading
- Dogovor i postanovlenie mezhdu Get'manom Orlikom i voiskom Zaporozhskim v 1710, in Chteniia v Imperatorskom obshchestve istorii i drevnostei rossiiskikh (Moscow 1858)
- Krupnyts’kyi, B. Het'man Pylyp Orlyk i ioho politychna diial’nist’ (1672–1742) (Warsaw 1938)
- Vasylenko, M. The Constitution of Pylyp Orlyk, AUA, 6, nos 3-4 (1958)
- Sliusarenko, A. H.; ISBN 5-7770-0600-0